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41. Vitamin D exposure during pregnancy, but not early childhood, is associated with risk of childhood wheezing | Practice-Based Research Networks | Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    pbrn.ahrq.gov/tools-and-resources/pbrn-literature/vitamin-d-exposure-during-pregnancy-not-early-childhood
    January 04, 2022 - Abstract:  The association between vitamin D and wheezing in early childhood is unclear. … The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the association between vitamin D exposure, during … Vitamin D exposures included maternal vitamin D supplement use during pregnancy, child vitamin D supplementation … Vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy was associated with lower odds of childhood wheezing (aOR= … Vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy was associated with reduced odds of wheezing, but child vitamin

42. Evidence Summary: Vitamin D, Calcium, or Combined Supplementation for the Primary Prevention of Fractures in Community-Dwelling Adults: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/vitamin-d-calcium-or-combined-supplementation-for-the-primary-prevention-of-fractures-in-adults-preventive-medication
    April 17, 2018 - For the evaluation of vitamin D alone or vitamin D combined with calcium, the search built on the prior … Eligible vitamin D interventions included oral or intramuscular vitamin D 2 or vitamin D 3 at any dosage … Studies of vitamin D plus calcium vs calcium alone were considered vitamin D–alone interventions, since … Is there direct evidence for supplementation with vitamin D or calcium alone or vitamin D combined with … Is there direct evidence for the harms of supplementation with vitamin D or calcium alone or vitamin

43. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Finds Insufficient Evidence on Screening for Vitamin D Deficiency in Adults (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/sites/default/files/file/supporting_documents/vitddeficfinalrsbulletin.pdf
    November 25, 2014 - Preventive Services Task Force Finds Insufficient Evidence on Screening for Vitamin D Deficiency in Adults … Preventive Services Task Force Finds Insufficient Evidence on Screening for Vitamin D Deficiency in … “The Task Force recognizes the increasing interest in how vitamin D impacts health. … Vitamin D is an important nutrient for keeping bones healthy. … Levels can become too low if an individual doesn’t eat enough vitamin D–rich foods, has very little

44. Draft Recommendation: Vitamin, Mineral, and Multivitamin Supplementation to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/draft-recommendation/vitamin-supplementation-to-prevent-cvd-and-cancer-preventive-medication
    May 04, 2021 - (e.g., vitamins A, C, D, E, K, and the B vitamins) are groups of chemically diverse organic compounds … Potential Harms For many of the vitamins and nutrients reviewed, there was little evidence of serious … There are several known adverse effects caused by excessive doses of vitamins; for example, moderate … Vitamins B3 and B6 The USPSTF found insufficient evidence to assess the effects of these vitamins on … Vitamins and Minerals. https://nccih.nih.gov/health/vitamins . Accessed April 5, 2021. 7.

45. Routine Vitamin Supplementation to Prevent Cancer: A Summary of the Evidence From Randomized Controlled Trials (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/WQn9bgKKtztGXQN9dwUSby
    July 01, 2003 - In laboratory experiments, the antioxidant vitamins, vitamin C, vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol), and beta-carotene … of these vitamins, or a multiple vitamin were eligible if they reported a) the incidence of or mortality … Vitamin C has been studied only in combination with other vitamins. … Italy; 255 subjects; % male not known; at least 1 polyp Antioxidant vitamins (30,000 IU vitamin A, … Longitudinal Cohort Studies Multi-vitamins Beta- containing Cancer Vitamin A carotene Vitamin C Vitamin

46. Vitamin, Mineral, and Multivitamin Supplementation to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/umGzAGWUVDPcnmbdYnHf_a
    March 23, 2022 - (eg, vitamins A, C, D, E, and K and the B vitamins) are groups of chemically diverse organic compounds … • For many vitamins and nutrients, there was little evidence of serious harms. … Vitamins B3 and B6 The USPSTF found insufficient evidence to assess the effects of these vitamins on … Vitamins and minerals. Updated February 2018. … Accessed May 3, 2022. https://www.nccih.nih.gov/ health/vitamins 7.

47. Evidence Summary: Vitamin, Mineral, and Multivitamin Supplementation to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/vitamin-supplementation-to-prevent-cvd-and-cancer-preventive-medication
    June 21, 2022 - Further, observational evidence has suggested associations between higher plasma levels of various vitamins … The evidence for the B and C vitamins, folic acid, magnesium, selenium, and zinc was low, insufficient … The SU.VI.MAX study: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of the health effects of antioxidant vitamins … Vitamins E and C in the prevention of cardiovascular disease in men: the Physicians’ Health Study II … High-dose supplements of vitamins C and E, low-dose multivitamins, and the risk of age-related cataract

48. Archived: Vitamin D and Calcium to Prevent Fractures: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/vitamin-d-and-calcium-to-prevent-fractures-preventive-medication-2013
    February 15, 2013 - The USPSTF recommends vitamin D supplementation (the median dose of vitamin D in available studies was … Five trials compared vitamin D with placebo or no treatment, 8 trials compared vitamin D and calcium … compared vitamin D and calcium with vitamin D alone; 1 trial had multiple arms. … Most of the trials used vitamin D 3 as the intervention, but 3 used vitamin D 2 . … Of the 12 trials reporting baseline levels of vitamin D, 5 reported mean vitamin D levels less than 30

49. Vitamin and Mineral Supplements for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/U4Vu9hcmHtD7snox6qbPja
    June 21, 2022 - Further, observational evidence has suggested associations between higher plasma levels of various vitamins … The evi- dence for the B and C vitamins, folic acid, magnesium, selenium, and USPSTF Review: Vitamin … Discussion This updated evidence review examined the use of vitamins and min- erals for primary prevention … Vitamins E and C in the prevention of cardiovascular disease in men: the Physicians’ Health Study II … High-dose supplements of vitamins C and E, low-dose multivitamins, and the risk of age-related cataract

50. Institute of Medicine Committee Uses AHRQ Evidence Reports to Review Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin D and Calcium | Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    www.ahrq.gov/news/newsroom/case-studies/coe1301.html
    November 01, 2012 - Institute of Medicine Committee Uses AHRQ Evidence Reports to Review Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin … of Medicine used two AHRQ evidence reports as key resources to review data pertaining to calcium and vitamin … AHRQ's reports, "Effectiveness and Safety of Vitamin D in Relation to Bone Health" and "Vitamin D and … ://www.iom.edu/Reports/2010/Dietary-Reference-Intakes-for-Calcium-and-Vitamin-D.aspx ) was issued in … 13-01 AHRQ Product(s): Effective Health Care Program Topic(s): Vitamins

51. Vitamin D and Calcium Supplementation to Prevent Fractures in Adults: Clinical Summary of USPSTF Recommendation (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/7xVc9J-YMc29PbLBU2K-Pq
    February 19, 2013 - Vitamin D and Calcium Supplementation to Prevent Fractures in Adults: Clinical Summary of USPSTF Recommendation … VITAMIN D AND CALCIUM SUPPLEMENTATION TO PREVENT FRACTURES IN ADULTS CLINICAL SUMMARY OF U.S. … D3 and >1,000 mg of calcium Community-dwelling postmenopausal women at doses of ≤400 IU of vitamin … Grade: D recommendation Preventive Medications Appropriate intake of vitamin D and calcium are … Balance of Benefits and Harms Evidence is lacking regarding the benefit of daily vitamin D and

52. Recommendation: Vitamin, Mineral, and Multivitamin Supplementation to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/vitamin-supplementation-to-prevent-cvd-and-cancer-preventive-medication
    June 21, 2022 - For many vitamins and nutrients, there was little evidence of serious harms. … (eg, vitamins A, C, D, E, and K and the B vitamins) are groups of chemically diverse organic compounds … Vitamins B 3 and B 6 The USPSTF found insufficient evidence to assess the effects of these vitamins … in trials reporting harms from these vitamins. … Vitamins and Minerals. Updated February 2018. Accessed May 3, 2022.

53. Vitamin, Mineral, and Multivitamin Supplements for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/ATw4mRze5EGYVYWwuYrvej
    February 01, 2014 - Supplements are vitamins or minerals added to the diet. … A multivitamin is a combination of three or more vitamins and minerals. … three or more vitamins and minerals), paired supplements (a supplement containing two vitamins or minerals … multivitamins Supplements containing three or more vitamins and minerals. … paired-nutrient supplements Supplements that contain two vitamins or minerals.

54. Final Research Plan: Vitamin D, Calcium, or Combined Supplementation for the Primary Prevention of Fractures in Community-Dwelling Adults: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/vitamin-d-calcium-or-combined-supplementation-for-the-primary-prevention-of-fractures-in-adults-preventive-medication
    June 23, 2016 - Supplementation with vitamin D alone or combined with calcium may affect vitamin D status. … Are there harms of supplementation with vitamin D or calcium alone or vitamin D combined with calcium … What are the effects of vitamin D supplementation alone or combined with calcium on change in vitamin … D alone Calcium alone Vitamin D combined with calcium Types of vitamin D considered: vitamin D2 … or beverages fortified with vitamin D, calcium, or both Vitamin D obtained through natural or artificial

55. Archived: Final Evidence Summary: Vitamin D and Calcium to Prevent Fractures: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary52/vitamin-d-and-calcium-to-prevent-fractures-preventive-medication-2013
    December 10, 2011 - For effects of vitamin D supplementation on changes in vitamin D status (KQ 3), we adopted the results … Effects of vitamin D supplementation and exercise training on physical performance in Chilean vitamin … Effect of vitamin D supplementation on vitamin D status and bone turnover markers in young adults. … Two-year randomized controlled trial of vitamin K1 (phylloquinone) and vitamin D3 plus calcium on the … Plasma vitamin D and 25OHD responses of young and old men to supplementation with vitamin D3.

56. Archived: Vitamin Supplementation to Prevent Cancer and CVD: Counseling and Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/vitamin-supplementation-to-prevent-cancer-and-cvd-counseling-and-preventive-medication
    June 15, 2003 - The value of vitamins naturally occurring in food, the use of vitamin supplements for the prevention … doses of vitamins; for example, moderate doses of vitamin A supplements may reduce bone mineral density … Vitamins and mineral supplements: AHA scientific position. … Dietary carotenoids and vitamins A, C, and E and risk of breast cancer. … A prospective study of the intake of vitamins C, E and A and the risk of breast cancer.

57. Vitamin D With or Without Calcium Supplementation for Prevention of Cancer and Fractures: An Updated Meta-analysis for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/6L2obA88s86MoZDbWtMPTU
    December 01, 2011 - For effects of vitamin D supplementation on changes in vitamin D status (KQ 3), we adopted the results … vitamin D sup- plements. … Effect of vitamin D supplementation on vitamin D status and bone turnover markers in young adults. … Plasma vitamin D and 25OHD responses of young and old men to supplementation with vitamin D3. … in vitamin D status?

58. Archived: Vitamin Supplementation to Prevent Cancer and CVD: Counseling and Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/vitamin-supplementation-to-prevent-cancer-and-cvd-counseling-and-preventive-medication-2003
    June 15, 2003 - The value of vitamins naturally occurring in food, the use of vitamin supplements for the prevention … doses of vitamins; for example, moderate doses of vitamin A supplements may reduce bone mineral density … Vitamins and mineral supplements: AHA scientific position. … Dietary carotenoids and vitamins A, C, and E and risk of breast cancer. … A prospective study of the intake of vitamins C, E and A and the risk of breast cancer.

59. Pediatricians Use AHRQ Report to Create New Guidelines on Vitamin D for Infants | Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    www.ahrq.gov/news/newsroom/case-studies/coe0702.html
    October 01, 2014 - Pediatricians Use AHRQ Report to Create New Guidelines on Vitamin D for Infants Search All Impact … The vitamin D guidelines were based on the recommendations of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS). … The AAP recommendation titled, Prevention of Rickets and Vitamin D Deficiency: New Guidelines for Vitamin … D Intake , was prompted by reports of rickets in infants attributable to inadequate vitamin D intake … Study Identifier: COE-07-02 AHRQ Product(s): CERTs Topic(s): Vitamins

60. Archived: Final Evidence Summary: Vitamin Supplementation to Prevent Cancer and CVD: Counseling and Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary53/vitamin-supplementation-to-prevent-cancer-and-cvd-counseling-and-preventive-medication-2003
    July 01, 2003 - In laboratory experiments, the antioxidant vitamins, vitamin C, vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol), and beta-carotene … of these vitamins, or a multiple vitamin were eligible if they reported a) the incidence of or mortality … Vitamin C has been studied only in combination with other vitamins. … A clinical trial of antioxidant vitamins to prevent colorectal adenoma. … Dietary carotenoids and vitamins A, C, and E and risk of breast cancer.