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1. Archived: Modeling Study: Colorectal Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/modeling-study/colorectal-cancer-screening-june-2016
   June 15, 2016 - Not varied Not varied Risk of complications, % 0 Lin et al, 2015 34 Not varied Not … , % 92.5   Not varied Not varied Not varied Sensitivity for adenomas 1–5 mm, % 7.5 … Not varied Not varied Risk of complications, % 0 Lin et al, 2015 34 Not varied Not … al, 2014 33 Specificity, % 89.8   Not varied Not varied Not varied Sensitivity … Not varied Not varied Risk of complications, % 0 Lin et al, 2015 34 Not varied Not

2. Estimation of Benefits, Burden, and Harms of Colorectal Cancer Screening Strategies: Modeling Study for the USPSTF (pdf file)
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/vw-LTWCTZ_N5pAaydcNQTx
   June 21, 2016 - , % 96.4 Not varied Not varied Not varied Sensitivity for adenomas 1-5 mm, % 7.6d 6.7d 8.6d Sensitivity … Not varied Not varied Risk of complications, % 0 Lin et al, 201534 Not varied Not varied Not varied … Not varied Not varied Risk of complications 0 Lin et al, 201534 Not varied Not varied Not varied FIT-DNA … Not varied Not varied Risk of complications, % 0 Lin et al, 201534 Not varied Not varied Not varied … Not varied Not varied Risk of complications, % 0 Lin et al, 201534 Not varied Not varied Not varied

3. Behavioral Counseling Interventions for Healthy Weight and Weight Gain in Pregnancy (pdf file)
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/ychxPpaJGbrhTtnNnJUtnK
   May 01, 2021 - Effective behavioral counseling interventions varied in the following: • Content: Individual focus on … trimester or the beginning of the second trimester and ended prior to delivery • Duration and intensity: Varied

4. Evaluating Test Strategies for Colorectal Cancer Screening: A Decision Analysis (pdf file)
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/UPu84CV2CNuxR8kpVU6e3V
   November 01, 2008 - Not varied Mortality rate 0 Not varied Not varied Hemoccult SENSA Specificity, % 92.5 95.0 90.0 Sensitivity … Not varied Mortality rate 0 Not varied Not varied Fecal immunochemical test Specificity, % 95.0 98.0 … Not varied Mortality rate 0 Not varied Not varied Sigmoidoscopy (within reach) Specificity, % 92.0 … Not varied Colonoscopy (within reach) Specificity, % 90.0 Not varied Not varied Sensitivity for adenomas … Not varied Mortality rate 1 per 10 000 Not varied Not varied * Data obtained from reference 29. †

5. Archived: Evaluating Test Strategies for Colorectal Cancer Screening: A Decision Analysis for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force: Colorectal Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evaluating-test-strategies-for-colorectal-cancer-screening-a-decision-analysis-for-the-us-preventive-services-task-force/colorectal-cancer-screening-2008
   October 15, 2008 - Not varied Mortality rate 0 Not varied Not varied Hemoccult SENSA Specificity … Not varied Mortality rate 0 Not varied Not varied Fecal immunochemical test … Not varied Mortality rate 0 Not varied Not varied Sigmoidoscopy (within reach) … Not varied Colonoscopy (within reach) Specificity, % 90.0 Not varied Not varied … Not varied Mortality rate 1 per 10 000 Not varied Not varied a Data obtained

6. Evidence Summary: Speech and Language Delay and Disorders in Children: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/speech-and-language-delay-and-disorders-in-children-age-5-and-younger-screening
   January 23, 2024 - Twenty-one studies (n = 7489) assessed the accuracy of 23 different screening tools that varied with … The accuracy of other screening tools varied widely. … Parent Reported Sensitivity and specificity of 14 parent-reported tools varied widely ( Table 3 ). … strategies to promote their child’s language development; training approaches and specific content varied … The accuracy of examiner-administered screening instruments varied, particularly for instruments designed

7. Evidence Summary: Prevention of Child Maltreatment: Primary Care Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/child-maltreatment-primary-care-interventions
   March 19, 2024 - The timing of these reports varied, from within 6 months of the initial results 13 , 19 , 28 to 13 years … The timing and type of outcome measurement varied substantially across trials, and several trials presented … Three RCTs assessed varied school performance outcomes and did not consistently report statistically … No study evaluated how harms varied according to factors such as race and ethnicity. … Although subgroup definitions varied, 1 study suggested that groups characterized by higher socioeconomic

8. Archived: Evidence Summary: Child Maltreatment: Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/child-maltreatment-primary-care-interventions-november-2018
   November 27, 2018 - Risk factors varied across studies and included infant health status or child emotional or behavioral … Although the specific intervention goals of the home visiting program varied by trial, trials described … The timing of these reports varied: within 6 months of the initial results, 44 1 year 23 , 47 to 2 … In addition, outcome measures varied and included (1) mean number of all-cause emergency department visits … Outcomes varied in degree of specificity to child abuse and neglect and included (1) number of children

9. Primary Care Interventions to Prevent Child Maltreatment: Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/XGHwLrLfb_78ymEUwGF6jR
   March 19, 2024 - reports varied, from within 6 months of the initial results13,19,28 to 13 years after the initial results … The timing and type of outcome measurement varied substantially across trials, and several trials presented … differences between study groups.23,45,49 School Performance and Attendance | Three RCTs assessed varied … No study evaluated how harms varied according to factors such as race and ethnicity. … Although subgroup definitions varied, 1 study suggested that groups characterized by higher socioeconomic

10. Screening for Speech and Language Delay and Disorders in Children: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/GytpQk-RYN3yBfdzkqUpff
    January 23, 2024 - Interventions varied across studies and results were inconsistent. • Inadequate evidence that interventions … Interventions varied across studies and results were inconsistent. … and disorders was 86% (range, 17%-100%) and 87% (range, 32%-98%), respectively.6,21 Test ac- curacy varied … targeted different populations of children (eg, any delay or disorder or speech disorders only) and varied … found ben- efits for expressive language outcome measures.6,21 Other inter- ventions for language delay varied

11. Modeling Study: Breast Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/modeling-study/breast-cancer-screening
    April 30, 2024 - Network (CISNET) models to estimate the benefits and harms of breast cancer screening strategies that varied … women at birth or age 20 or 25 years (since breast cancer is rare before this age; the initiation age varied … , 36 Screening Strategies We compared model results for 36 mammography screening scenarios that varied … mammography removed Yes (recent years added, 1980 instead of 1970 birth cohort) Yes; incidence varied … non–breast cancer causes by year and level of comorbidity Yes Yes; other-cause mortality rates varied

12. Primary Care Interventions to Prevent Child Maltreatment: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/DPq7_eawq-Ts6XLowaTaNA
    November 27, 2018 - Risk factors varied across studies and included infant health sta- tus or child emotional or behavioral … home visit com- ponents, the content, use of other components, personnel, inten- sity, and duration varied … Although the specific intervention goals of the home visiting program varied by trial, trials described … The timing of these reports varied: within 6 months of the initial results,44 1 year23,47 to 2 years47 … Outcomes varied in degree of specificity to child abuse and neglect and included (1) number of children

13. 3W8Wr9Wwayaqujwmjo Bl- (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/3w8Wr9wwAyAqUJWmJo_bL-
    February 01, 2014 - Comparison groups varied among studies, although results were consistent. … The number, quality, and applicability of included studies varied widely. … 5 models; no studies of adverse effects Diagnostic accuracy Reference standards and study designs varied … and distress RCT, cohort, case–control, pre–post Noncomparable groups; small size; outcome measures varied … 1 of cancer-related distress Cohort No RCTs; screening intervals and false-positive calcu- lations varied

14. Recommendation: Healthy Weight and Weight Gain In Pregnancy: Behavioral Counseling Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/healthy-weight-and-weight-gain-during-pregnancy-behavioral-counseling-interventions
    May 25, 2021 - Effective behavioral counseling interventions varied in the following: Content: Individual focus … trimester or the beginning of the second trimester and ended prior to delivery Duration and intensity: Varied … emergency cesarean delivery, infant macrosomia, and LGA infants. 1 Behavioral counseling interventions varied … BMI inclusion criteria varied across the trials; there were participants with overweight or obesity (

15. Draft Recommendation: Breastfeeding: Primary Care Behavioral Counseling Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/draft-recommendation/breastfeeding-interventions
    October 22, 2024 - Effective interventions have varied in terms of delivery setting—in person vs. remote delivery (via video … participants, although 12 interventions included group sessions with other participants. 1 Trials varied … studies reporting at a given time point (initiation, less than 3 months, 3 to 6 months, and 6 months) varied

16. Archived: Evidence Summary: BRCA-Related Cancer: Risk Assessment, Genetic Counseling, and Genetic Testing | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary17/brca-related-cancer-risk-assessment-genetic-counseling-and-genetic-testing-2013
    December 15, 2013 - However, reference standards and study designs varied, and some models have been evaluated only in single … Comparison groups varied among studies, although results were consistent. … The number, quality, and applicability of included studies varied widely. … models; no studies of adverse effects Diagnostic accuracy Reference standards and study designs varied … ¶ No intention-to-treat analysis 65 , 67 , 70 , 71 . ** Results varied by group. †† Unclear

17. Archived: Evidence Summary: Osteoporosis to Prevent Fractures: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary1/osteoporosis-screening-june-2018
    June 26, 2018 - The accuracy of bone measurement tests to identify osteoporosis varied (area under the curve [AUC], 0.32 … measurement tests or clinical risk assessments for identifying osteoporosis or predicting fractures varied … ie, sensitivity, specificity), but the instrument score threshold used to assess diagnostic accuracy varied … Reported AUCs varied from 0.69 to 0.90. … Although several trials reported on harms (KQ5), they varied substantially in definitions used.

18. Screening for Speech and Language Delay and Disorders in Children 5 Years or Younger: Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/6tmQG7VgexjoXt7uNoyccj
    December 02, 2023 - Twenty-one studies (n = 7489) assessed the accuracy of 23 different screening tools that varied with … The accuracy of other screening tools varied widely. … Parent Reported Sensitivity and specificity of 14 parent-reported tools varied widely (Table 3). … outcomes.58 Five other RCTs assessed different interventions for children with language delay and varied … The accuracy of examiner-administered screening instruments varied, particularly for instruments designed

19. Evidence Summary: Oral Health in Children and Adolescents Aged 5 to 17 Years: Screening and Preventive Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/oral-health-children-adolescents-screening-preventive-interventions
    November 07, 2023 - Baseline age and caries burden varied, and reporting of fluoride exposure, socioeconomic status, and … There was marked statistical heterogeneity ( I 2 = 91%), with estimates that varied by control type … Baseline age, caries burden, and fluoride exposure varied. … Children were aged 6 to 10 years at baseline in all trials but 1 (12-13 years). 72 Baseline caries burden varied … supervision at school in all trials except 1; 4 trials published in or prior to 1991; fluoride exposure varied

20. Collaborative Modeling to Compare Different Breast Cancer Screening Strategies: A Decision Analysis for the US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/ZSVRTLv938Gtr5au4-6eYL
    September 01, 2024 - Network (CISNET) models to estimate the benefits and harms of breast cancer screen- ing strategies that varied … for mammography removed Yes (recent years added, 1980 instead of 1970 birth cohort) Yes; incidence varied … HER2 subtypes by age (40-49, 50-74, 75-89 y) and stage at diagnosis Yes Yes; subtype distributions varied … from non–breast cancer causes by year and level of comorbidity Yes Yes; other-cause mortality rates varied … Screening Strategies We compared model results for 36 mammography screening sce- narios that varied by