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41. Screening for Osteoporosis: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/pskqLZMFcHjhtEF75uG4AP
    January 01, 2012 - The FRAX tool includes questions about previous DXA results but does not require this information to … The FRAX tool also predicts 10-year fracture risks for black, Asian, and Hispanic women in the United … The FRAX tool, developed by the World Health Or- ganization and the National Osteoporosis Foundation, … This tool was derived from data on 9 cohorts in Europe, Canada, the United States, and Japan. … The FRAX tool was validated in 11 cohorts, but only 1 of these cohorts included men (6).

42. Medicines to Help Prevent Breast Cancer: Let's Talk About It (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/sites/default/files/inline-files/breast-cancer-risk-reduction-discussion-guide.pdf
    September 01, 2019 - determine a woman’s risk – by considering a combination of risk factors or by using a risk assessment tool … cancer risk assessment tools include the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Tool

43. Medicines to Help Prevent Breast Cancer: Let's Talk About It (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/sites/default/files/inline-files/breast-cancer-risk-reduction-discussion-guide_3.pdf
    September 01, 2019 - determine a woman’s risk – by considering a combination of risk factors or by using a risk assessment tool … cancer risk assessment tools include the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Tool

44. Recommendation: Unhealthy Drug Use: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/drug-use-illicit-screening
    June 09, 2020 - One study reported that drug use questions in the PRO (Prenatal Risk Overview) risk assessment tool were … episode drinking frequency [an example of an “indirect tool”]). 12 The sensitivity of direct tools … ]) or an indirect tool (WIDUS) for detecting drug use or drug use disorders (not including alcohol) in … One study of the PRO risk assessment–based tool (in a population in which 7% met diagnostic criteria … The only indirect tool that reported on any prenatal use of drugs, not including alcohol (WIDUS/ASSIST

45. Screening for Intimate Partner Violence and for Caregiver Abuse of Older and Vulnerable Adults: An Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/RrE4_peSk5zVH3cCf77at3
    June 24, 2025 - each assessed a tool designed to detect lifetime exposure to IPV30 and accuracy for predicting future … ; WAST-S, Woman Abuse Screening Tool—Short. … Clinical utility of an intimate partner violence screening tool for female VHA patients. … Multicenter validation of an emergency department-based screening tool to identify elder abuse. … Development of a novel tool to assess intimate partner violence against transgender individuals.

46. JAMA (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/UaT8AVUSVQwSduNs8TA-_e
    June 09, 2020 - One study reported that drug use ques- tions in the PRO (Prenatal Risk Overview) risk assessment tool … episode drinking frequency [an example of an “indirect tool”]).12 The sensitivity of direct tools for … ]) or an indirect tool (WIDUS) for detecting drug use or drug use disorders (not including alcohol) in … One study of the PRO risk assessment–based tool (in a population in which 7% met diagnostic criteria … The only indirect tool that reported on any prenatal use of drugs, not including alcohol (WIDUS/ASSIST

47. Draft Research Plan: Autism Spectrum Disorder in Young Children: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/draft-research-plan/autism-spectrum-disorder-young-children-1
    February 25, 2021 - M-CHAT-Revised with Follow-up (M-CHAT-R/F), Joint Attention-Observation Schedule (JAOS), Screening Tool … Systematic Observation of Red Flags (SORF), Young Autism and Other Developmental Disorders Checkup Tool

48. Archived: Evidence Summary: Osteoporosis to Prevent Fractures: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary1/osteoporosis-screening-june-2018
    June 26, 2018 - In men, the pooled AUC for the Osteoporosis Self-assessment Tool (OST) was 0.76 (95% CI, 0.71-0.80; … QUADAS-2: a revised tool for the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies. … A simple tool to identify Asian women at increased risk of osteoporosis. … Fracture risk tool validation in an integrated healthcare delivery system. … ; SCORE, Simple Calculated Osteoporosis Risk Estimation Tool; WHI, Women’s Health Initiative.

49. Final Research Plan: Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/obstructive-sleep-apnea-in-adults-screening
    March 04, 2021 - combined screening approaches are also eligible, which may use a questionnaire or clinical prediction tool … testing for persons who score above a defined threshold on the questionnaire or clinical prediction tool

50. Recommendation: Intimate Partner Violence and Caregiver Abuse of Older or Vulnerable Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/intimate-partner-violence-and-abuse-of-elderly-and-vulnerable-adults-screening
    June 24, 2025 - Afraid, Rape, Kick (HARK); 17 Hurt, Insult, Threaten, Scream (HITS); 18 and Woman Abuse Screening Tool … (Index of Spouse Abuse). 1 , 35 , 43 In a single study (n = 409) of a 3-item tool to predict future … , the Consequences of Screening Tool, to measure the consequences of IPV screening, such as “Because … Clinical utility of an intimate partner violence screening tool for female VHA patients. … Multicenter validation of an emergency department-based screening tool to identify elder abuse.

51. Screening for Intimate Partner Violence and Caregiver Abuse of Older or Vulnerable Adults: US Preventive Services Task Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/_q6ZTL2Yg6f6rLp-Re9whD
    June 24, 2025 - women ex- periencing IPV in the past year.1,35 The review estimated that use of the HARK screening tool … (Index of Spouse Abuse).1,35,43 In a single study (n = 409) of a 3-item tool to predict future abuse … , the Consequences of Screening Tool, to measure the consequences of IPV screening, such as “Because … Clinical utility of an intimate partner violence screening tool for female VHA patients. … Multicenter validation of an emergency department-based screening tool to identify elder abuse.

52. Using Aspirin for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/4fdC2JLwP_um_yZe4WZRaa
    April 01, 2009 - Total cholesterol level y HDL cholesterol level y High blood pressure y Smoking Use the following tool … disease y Left ventricular hypertrophy y High blood pressure y Smoking y Diabetes Use the following tool

53. Screening for oral cancer literature surveillance report 2023 (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/kBouKdKBx6XdvyT6Mej8w4
    September 01, 2023 - Validity of Toluidine Blue test as a diagnostic tool for high risk oral potentially malignant disorders … Establishing the accuracy of a new and cheaper sample collection tool: Oral cytology versus oral histopathology

54. Clinical Summary: Interventions to Prevent Perinatal Depression (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/ZE7d5xkDtobDqsLKdvQ7jt
    Grade: B Risk Assessment There is no accurate screening tool for identifying who is at risk

55. Research Gaps for Interventions to Prevent Falls in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Evidence Gaps Research Taxonomy Table (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/-YHCmR_8bdShSaMTx6Mrgx
    Health equity gap Large, nationally representative observational cohorts for risk assessment tool … Native Americans Prospective, large, nationally representative cohorts for risk assessment tool

56. Screening for Autism Spectrum Disorder in Young Children: Clinical Summary (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/kQWchAnAnGxbQmpV9Gwo2H
    Screening Tests The most commonly studied tool is the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT

57. Archived: Final Research Plan: Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan142/obstructive-sleep-apnea-in-adults-screening-january-2017
    October 30, 2014 - What is the accuracy of multistep screening approaches, such as using a questionnaire or prediction tool … classification) KQ 2b: Combined screening approaches, which may use a questionnaire or clinical prediction tool … testing for persons who score above a defined threshold on the questionnaire or clinical prediction tool

58. Dwd2487Zxk6Uwpv2B4-Lqm (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/dWD2487zXk6uwpv2B4-LQM
    January 12, 2016 - Final Recommendations on Screening for Breast Cancer Task Force confirms mammography is an important tool … Force, the American Cancer Society, and many others have all affirmed that mammography is an important tool

59. Clinical Summary: Screening for Osteoporosis to Prevent Fractures (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/ShJmbuCXvmGjpnvyyR9PH_
    determine w ho should be screened w ith bone measurement testing is to use a clinical risk assessment tool

60. Behavioral Counseling Research and Evidence-Based Practice Recommendations: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Perspectives | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/about-uspstf/methods-and-processes/behavioral-counseling-research-and-evidence-based-practice-recommendations-us-preventive-services-task-force-perspectives
    March 01, 2014 - address these challenges include use of the PRECIS (Pragmatic-Explanatory Continuum Indicator Summary) tool … The PRECIS tool employs the terms “pragmatic” and “explanatory” to describe a continuum of study design … The PRECIS tool has been used to evaluate behavioral counseling interventions for smoking cessation 28 … A pragmatic-explanatory continuum indicator summary (PRECIS): a tool to help trial designers. … The application and enhancement of the PRECIS tool to the evaluation of a smoking cessation trial.