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81. PowerPoint Presentation (ppt file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/medical-test-reviews-genetic.ppt
    June 01, 2012 - Background: Genetic Tests (2 of 2) Hereditary genetic tests are different from other medical tests in … not only genetic tests. … not only genetic tests. … not only genetic tests. … Genetic Tests for Cancer.

82. PowerPoint Presentation (ppt file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/medical-test-reviews-genetic.ppt
    June 01, 2012 - Background: Genetic Tests (2 of 2) Hereditary genetic tests are different from other medical tests in … not only genetic tests. … not only genetic tests. … not only genetic tests. … Genetic Tests for Cancer.

83. Methods Guide for Medical Test Reviews (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-tests-bias_methods.pdf
    July 01, 2012 - Introduction Medical tests are indispensable for clinicians in that they provide information that goes … referred to as the General Methods Guide),1 and focuses on issues of particular relevance to medical tests … , clinical examinations, imaging tests, questionnaires, pathology, and measures of health status (e.g … Cochrane Methods Working Group on Systematic Review of Screening and Diagnostic Tests. … Empirical evidence of design-related bias in studies of diagnostic tests.

84. Methods Guide for Medical Test Reviews (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-tests-metaanalysis_methods.pdf
    July 01, 2012 - or suggestive thresholds, such as imaging or histological tests. … Table 8–1 lists commonly used methods for meta-analysis of medical tests. … Empirical evidence of design-related bias in studies of diagnostic tests. … Guidelines for meta-analyses evaluating diagnostic tests. … Diagnostic tests 4: likelihood ratios. BMJ 2004; 329(7458):168- 169. 23.

85. Imaging Tests for the Diagnosis and Staging of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/cancer-pancreas/research
    September 23, 2014 - Research Protocol Sep. 23, 2014 Systematic Review Jan. 29, 2015 Disposition of Comments Report Imaging Tests … the available information on the diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility of commonly used imaging tests … accuracy, screening accuracy, clinical management, quality of life, survival, and harms of imaging tests … For each pair of tests and each assessed aspect (e.g., determination of metastases), we determined whether … Conclusions Current evidence permits some tentative conclusions about the comparative assessment of imaging tests

86. Disposition of Comments Report for Antinuclear Antibody, Rheumatoid Factor, and Cyclic-Citrullinated Peptide Tests for Evaluating Musculoskeletal Complaints in Children (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/musculoskeletal-complaints-tests-children_disposition-comments.pdf
    March 07, 2012 - to significantly improve the use of these tests. … These tests may be over-ordered and cause more distress than they are worth. … The tests themselves are relatively inexpensive. … Index tests: Do you mean studies of ANA published before 1980 were excluded? … By index test results we mean results of ANA, RF, and CCP tests.

87. Preoperative-Testing Executive (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/preoperative-testing_executive.pdf
    January 01, 2014 - ; hemostasis tests; urinalysis; chest radiography (and related tests); ECG (and related tests); and … pregnancy tests. … tests. … • Effect of individual tests (within panels of tests) compared with effect of other individual tests … , who orders and manages tests, and the timing of tests.

88. Topic Suggestion Description | Effective Health Care Program
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/get-involved/nominated-topics/key-questions-1-does-routine-preoperative-testing-compared-to-no-testing-or-alternative-testing-strategies-improve-outcomes-such-as-surgical-complications-other-morbidity-and-mortality-among-patients-undergoing-elective-surge
    February 10, 2011 - Reasons for continued use of routine preoperative tests are poorly understood. … should not be ordered routinely," and it outlines indications for commonly used tests. … Reasons for continued use of routine preoperative tests are poorly understood. … During pre-surgical evaluations, physicians frequently order a battery of tests. … , chest radiograph, electrolytes, renal function tests, glucose, hepatic tests, urinalysis, pregnancy

89. Routine Preoperative Testing: Comparative Effectiveness Review | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/preoperative-testing/research-protocol
    May 14, 2013 - , urine tests, chest radiography, and an electrocardiogram (ECG). 1,2 These tests are performed to find … Examples include: Computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging tests Tests requiring markers … , laboratory tests, sensitivity, specificity, etc.), and specific tests (chest radiography, hemoglobin … and blood counts, hemostasis, biochemistry, blood sugar, pregnancy tests, sickle cell disease tests, … and comparators, including timing of the tests; details about who ordered and followed up on the tests

90. Searching for Studies (ppt file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/medical-test-reviews-search-strategies.ppt
    June 01, 2012 - is to search for specific named tests. … to use the names of the tests to locate studies. … search strategies for systematic reviews of medical tests. … Abnormalities All medical tests were not known. … , all possible diagnostic tests were not known.

91. Methods Guide for Medical Test Reviews Chapter 1 (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-tests-introduction_methods.pdf
    July 01, 2012 - Introduction With the growing number, complexity, and cost of medical tests, which tests can reliably … The second tenet is that medical tests (and therefore assessments of those tests) are about improving … tests are among the most commonly employed. … and prognostic tests, respectively. … ACCE Model Process for Evaluating Genetic Tests.

92. Methods Guide for Medical Test Reviews Chapter 3 (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-tests-outcomes_methods.pdf
    July 01, 2012 - tests, and prognostic tests, although prognostic tests are also discussed in Chapter 11. … It is likely that the direct health effects of screening tests are less than in tests used for diagnosis … and prognosis: screening tests are generally designed to be less invasive than tests used to make diagnoses … Example of a Diagnostic Test We differentiate diagnostic tests from screening tests largely by the population … effects than tests used for other purposes.

93. Methods Guide for Medical Test Reviews Chapter 7 (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-tests-grading_methods.pdf
    July 01, 2012 - Our focus will be on diagnostic tests, meaning tests that are used in the diagnostic and management … This is particularly challenging when tests are used as a part of an algorithm. … Tests that are more invasive will naturally have greater harms. … Key Points • One can use GRADE for diagnostic tests. … Impact of Gene Expression Profiling Tests on Breast Cancer Outcomes.

94. Methods Guide for Medical Test Reviews Chapter 11 (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-tests-genetic_methods.pdf
    July 01, 2012 - need to evaluate studies of genetic tests. … Common Challenges Genetic tests are different from other medical tests in their relationship to the … If it is part of a series of screening tests, are all tests performed in all instances (parallel) or … If applicable, are medical tests available? 29. … , not just genetic tests.

95. Methods Guide for Medical Test Reviews Chapter 6 (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-tests-applicability_methods.pdf
    July 01, 2012 - Evidence, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, Maryland Abstract Use of medical tests … should be guided by research evidence about the accuracy and utility of those tests in clinical care … To make informed decisions about medical tests, whether diagnostic, prognostic, or those used to monitor … Rapidly Evolving Tests A third challenge, especially relevant to medical tests, is that, even more than … How and by whom tests are conducted in practice and in studies.

96. Methods Guide for Medical Test Reviews Chapter 9 (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-tests-performance_methods.pdf
    July 01, 2012 - Assess the concordance of difference tests instead of test accuracy. … Tests With Correlated Results Within the Strata of the Disease When the two tests are correlated conditional … A probabilistic model for the comparison of diagnostic tests. … Meta- analysis of diagnostic tests with imperfect reference standards. … Evaluation of diagnostic tests without gold standards.

97. Methods Guide for Medical Test Reviews Chapter 2 (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-tests-topics_methods.pdf
    July 01, 2012 - Chapter 2 2-1 Chapter 2 Developing the Topic and Structuring Systematic Reviews of Medical Tests … Due to the indirect impact of medical tests on clinical outcomes, reviewers need to identify which … This paper highlights challenges unique to systematic reviews of medical tests. … such tests in clinical decisionmaking, such as guiding the decision to perform a biopsy. … Are tests’ cases subsequently confirmed by same reference standard? 6.

98. Methods Guide for Medical Test Reviews Chapter 4 (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-tests-search_methods.pdf
    July 01, 2012 - Reviews Chapter 4 4-1 Chapter 4 Effective Search Strategies for Systematic Reviews of Medical Tests … When a review focuses on specific named tests, searching is relatively straightforward. … The FDA regulates many medical tests as devices. … ,26 all possible diagnostic tests were not known. … Effective Search Strategies for Systematic Reviews of Medical Tests.

99. Methods Guide for Medical Test Reviews Chapter 12 (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-tests-prognostic_methods.pdf
    July 01, 2012 - tests do not necessarily address the most important questions about prognostic tests that are used … tests, are appropriate topics for systematic reviews. … These are commonly known as predictive tests. … In contrast to diagnostic tests, many prognostic tests are incorporated into multivariable regression … Many studies of prognostic tests do not provide this ultimate evidence.

100. Breast Abnormalities Update Surveillance Assessment_CER 47_Low (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/breast-abnormalities-tests-update_surveillance.pdf
     September 01, 2012 - Breast Abnormalities Update Surveillance Assessment_CER 47_Low CER #47: Noninvasive Diagnostic Tests … .............................................................. 5 1 Noninvasive Diagnostic Tests … Introduction Comparative Effectiveness Review (CER) #47, Noninvasive Diagnostic Tests for Breast … original release until September 2012, we received any FDA updates on the included treatments and tests … Noninvasive Diagnostic Tests for Breast Abnormalities: Update of a 2006 Review.