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261. Archived: Final Evidence Summary: Folic Acid to Prevent Neural Tube Defects: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary25/folic-acid-to-prevent-neural-tube-defects-preventive-medication-2009
     May 15, 2009 - tests, uses a credible reference standard, interprets reference standard independently of screening test … results Reference standard interpreted independently of screening test Handles indeterminate result … , uses a credible reference standard, interprets reference standard independently of screening test, … reliability of test assessed, has few or handles indeterminate results in a reasonable manner, includes … broad spectrum of patients with and without disease Fair: Evaluates relevant available screening test

262. Final Research Plan: BRCA-Related Cancer: Risk Assessment, Genetic Counseling, and Genetic Testing | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/brca-related-cancer-risk-assessment-genetic-counseling-testing
     April 11, 2024 - Incidence of BRCA1/2 -related cancer; disease-specific and all-cause mortality KQ 2a: Measures of test … relationships; overdiagnosis and overtreatment; false reassurance; incomplete testing; misinterpretation of test

263. Folic Acid Supplementation for the Prevention of Neural Tube Defects: An Update of the Evidence (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/y6xRBv7uSZY5bGCx7y48x7
     May 01, 2009 - tests, uses a credible reference standard, interprets reference standard independently of screening test … results Reference standard interpreted independently of screening test Handles indeterminate result … Definition of ratings based on above criteria: Good: Evaluates relevant available screening test, uses … reasonable although not the best standard, interprets reference standard independently of screening test … who were in the early second trimester of pregnancy and had either a serum �-fetoprotein screening test

264. Draft Research Plan: BRCA-Related Cancer: Risk Assessment, Genetic Counseling, and Genetic Testing | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/draft-research-plan/brca-related-cancer-risk-assessment-genetic-counseling-testing
     January 18, 2024 - Incidence of BRCA1/2 -related cancer; disease-specific and all-cause mortality KQ 2a: Measures of test … relationships; overdiagnosis and overtreatment; false reassurance; incomplete testing; misinterpretation of test

265. Screening for Impaired Visual Acuity in Older Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/DCfAJZvNDzSYu7NqLJX2bv
     March 01, 2016 - tests was limited and consistent with previous findings that screening questions or a visual acuity test … Although the Snellen test remains the most widely used tool to measure visual acuity in primary care … for overall effect: z = 8.09; P <.001 1 Test for overall effect: z = 3.96; P <.001 Heterogeneity: … τ2 = 0.00; χ2 = 3.46; P = .18; I2 = 42% Test for overall effect: z = 6.13; P <.001 Test for subgroup … for overall effect: z = 2.36; P = .02 Test for subgroup differences: χ2 = 0.00; P = .99; I2 = 0% 2

266. Screening for Ovarian Cancer: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/cHbBWNok76hRWKDXXm3R2_
     February 13, 2018 - Test positivity for CA-125 was defined by a fixed serum level cutpoint or by a proprietary risk algorithm … metastasized.2 Screening trials have shown no effect on mortality and have documented harms; positive test … to surgery for investigation of suspected ovarian cancer based on positive screening and follow-up test … Summary of Evidence Test No. of Studies (No. of Participants) Summary of Findings Consistency and … Women with abnormal test results (n = 32) compared with women with no abnormal results more likely to

267. Archived: Final Research Plan: Depression in Children and Adolescents: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan15/depression-in-children-and-adolescents-screening
     September 15, 2013 - Diagnostic accuracy compared with an independent standard, assessed at ≤2 months after the screening test … Diagnostic accuracy compared with an independent standard, assessed at >2 months after the screening test … trials Systematic reviews published since 2011 Criteria specific to KQ 2: Test … /retest studies (test compared with gold standard) that are stand alone or incorporated within other

268. Final Research Plan: Ovarian Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan153/ovarian-cancer-screening
     March 03, 2016 - Does screening for ovarian cancer in asymptomatic women using a single test … What are the harms of screening for ovarian cancer, including harms of the screening test and of diagnostic

269. Archived: Final Research Plan: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan102/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-screening-2016
     May 15, 2014 - What is the test performance of prebronchodilator screening spirometry in predicting diagnosis of COPD … pulmonary rehabilitation Comparisons KQs 1–4: Usual care, no screening, comparative test … for COPD diagnosis as determined by established diagnostic standards (i.e., FEV 1 /FVC ratio <0.70); test

270. Serologic Screening for Genital Herpes Infection: US Preventive Services Task Force Reaffirmation Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/YALMYpRCoRSu9nhPFGudEm
     November 01, 2022 - reviewed evidence comparing accuracy of HerpeSelect (Focus Diagnostics) and the Biokit HSV-2 Rapid Test … for HSV-2 based on Western blot.6 In 10 studies (n = 6537) using a cut point of 1.1, the HerpeSelect test … estimate of 81% (95% CI, 68%-90%), compared with Western blot.6 In 4 studies (n = 1512), the Biokit test … may be as low as 75% and as low as 50% for the HerpeSelect test for predicting true seroposi- tivity … declines in HSV-2 seroprevalence in the US popu- lation (since the 2016 review) likely further limit test

271. Archived: Addendum to Screening for Ovarian Cancer: Evidence Update for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Reaffirmation Recommendation Statement: Ovarian Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/addendum-to-screening-for-ovarian-cancer-evidence-update-for-the-us-preventive-services-task-force-reaffirmation-recommendation-statement/ovarian-cancer-screening-2012
     April 15, 2012 - The PLCO Trial also confirmed the risk of potential harms associated with false-positive screening test … result within 9 months of the screening test. … Abnormal screening test results were repeated and, if abnormality persisted, clinically evaluated and … Women were censored 1 year after their last CA-125 test or ultrasound. … The detection rate for the first screening test was 0.31 per 1,000 women and increased to 0.38–0.74 per

272. Addendum to Screening for Ovarian Cancer: Evidence Update for the USPSTF Reaffirmation Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/QtuWfedsMmUb_sAuKWdsGg
     December 31, 2014 - The PLCO Trial also confirmed the risk of potential harms associated with false-positive screening test … result within 9 months of the screening test. … Abnormal screening test results were repeated and, if abnormality persisted, clinically evaluated and … Women were censored 1 year after their last CA-125 test or ultrasound. … The detection rate for the first screening test was 0.31 per 1,000 women and increased to 0.38–0.74

273. Screening for Unhealthy Drug Use: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/R3y9LSud52CGL8mG4wvxoT
     June 09, 2020 - Heterogeneity between studies was evaluated by the χ2 test and I2 statistics. … A single-question screening test for drug use in primary care. … Properties of the Cannabis Abuse Screening Test (CAST) in the general population. … Empirical validation of the CRAFFT abuse screening test in a Spanish sample. … Diagnostic accuracy of a two-item Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST-2).

274. Screening for Speech and Language Delay in Preschool Children: Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/ecWjjTgXCffjwPyqgNCEpR
     February 01, 2006 - Research on the test characteristics of brief, formal screening instruments has a number of limitations … Evaluation of a structured test and a parent led method for screening for speech and language problems … Uses of the Levett- Muir Language Screening Test. Health Visitor. 1983;56(12):454-456. 7 20. … The Fluharty Preschool Speech and Language Screening Test: a population-based validation study using … Preschool speech and language screening: further validation of the sentence repetition screening test

275. Archived: Folic Acid/Folate Prophylaxis to Prevent Neural Tube Defects: Preventive Medication, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/folic-acid-prevent-neural-tube-defects-preventive-medication-1996
     January 01, 1996 - Ultrasound examination is used both as a screening test and as a follow-up test after positive MSAFP … -20 but for a number of reasons, the likelihood of a neural tube defect given a positive screening test … , 15 , 17 Another risk of screening is the harmful psychological effect on parents of a positive test … There is evidence that expectant parents with normal fetuses who are informed of an abnormal MSAFP test … Ultrasound has not yet been adequately evaluated as a routine screening test for neural tube defects.

276. Archived: Speech and Language Delay and Disorders in Children Age 5 and Younger: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/speech-and-language-delay-and-disorders-in-children-age-5-and-younger-screening-july-2015
     July 07, 2015 - LDS, the CDI, the Speech and Language Parent Questionnaire, and the Ward Infant Language Screening Test … Texas, the Denver Articulation Screening Exam, DENVER II (formerly the Denver Developmental Screening Test … Screening Test, the Structured Screening Test (formerly known as the Hackney Early Language Screening … Test), and Rigby’s trial speech screening test. … Test performance characteristics varied widely.

277. 75Ftpgw4Rz-3Tdmqpstvdg (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/75ftPGW4rZ-3tdMQPstvDg
     August 01, 2012 - The test is performed by observing the time it takes a person to rise from an armchair, walk 3 meters … Only the Get-Up-and-Go test and the Func- tional Reach Test are feasible for primary care settings. … Balance in elderly patients: the “get-up and go” test. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1986;67:387-9. … The timed “Up & Go”: a test of basic functional mobility for frail elderly persons. … Reference values for the timed up and go test: a descriptive meta-analysis.

278. Task Force Issues Draft Recommendation Statement on Screening for Latent Tuberculosis Infection (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/sites/default/files/file/supporting_documents/latent-tbi-screening-adults-draft-rec-bulletin.pdf
     December 27, 2022 - There are two types of screening tests for LTBI in the United States: the tuberculin skin test and interferon … - gamma release assay, which is a blood test.

279. Archived: Visual Impairment: Screening, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/visual-impairment-screening-1996
     January 01, 1996 - tests for detecting strabismus and amblyopia in the 3-5-year-old child include simple inspection, cover test … it is widely recommended, 24 reports are not available of sensitivity or specificity of the cover test … the tumbling E, the Allen picture cards, grating cards, and others. 25 The specificity of any acuity test … Snellen letters are estimated to have a sensitivity of only 25%-37%. 26 Refractive screening is not a test … , in which the child wears Polaroid glasses while viewing the test cards, takes about 1 minute.

280. Archived: Hepatitis C Virus Infection: Screening, 2004 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/hepatitis-c-virus-infection-screening-2004
     March 08, 2004 - Enzyme immunoassay (EIA) is the initial screening test for anti-HCV antibodies. … Chain Reaction (PCR) is considered the gold standard in HCV-infection testing, as it is the only blood test … infection (2 percent), approximately 59 percent of all positive tests using the third-generation EIA test … The RIBA has 100 percent sensitivity when compared with EIA, but is a more expensive test. … The CDC guidelines for reporting HCV test results can be accessed at http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/rr/