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201. Archived: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection: Screening, 2005 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/human-immunodeficiency-virus-hiv-infection-screening-2005
     July 05, 2005 - Since false-positive test results are rare, harms associated with HIV screening are minimal. … Potential harms of true-positive test results include increased anxiety, labeling, and effects on close … Persons who request an HIV test despite reporting no individual risk factors may also be considered at … However, ethical and legal concerns of not obtaining specific informed consent for an HIV test using … False-positive HIV-1 test results in a low-risk screening setting of voluntary blood donation.

202. Evidence Summary: Ovarian Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/ovarian-cancer-screening
     February 13, 2018 - Test positivity for CA-125 was defined by a fixed serum level cutpoint or by a proprietary risk algorithm … to surgery for investigation of suspected ovarian cancer based on positive screening and follow-up test … c Follow-up included repeat CA-125 test (intermediate risk) or repeat CA-125 and TVU (elevated risk) … Without Cancer (%) c Screening Test Complications False-Positive Surgery, No. … Women with abnormal test results (n = 32) compared with women with no abnormal results more likely to

203. untitled (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/y_ApQN4Tw4RtnoWWrofH8d
     December 20, 2016 - Adequate evidence suggests that the most widely used, currently available serologic screening test for … , the biokit HSV-2 Rapid Test (Biokit USA), has a pooled estimate of sensitivity of 84% (95% CI, 73%- … Western blot test results can be obtained by sending a blood sample to a single research labora- tory … Given the test characteristics of the most widely used serologic screening test for HSV-2 and a population … Diagnostic test- ing, however, in persons with recurrent atypical genital symptoms may be helpful.

204. Screening for Syphilis Infection in Pregnant Women: Evidence for the Reaffirmation Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/gWJU-ZynehGyLBVYtDmMow
     May 01, 2009 - Harms include testing and follow-up for false-positive test results and adverse effects from penicillin … Finger-stick POC test using Abbott Determine Syphilis TP test (Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois … ; TPPA� Treponema pallidum particle agglutination test; TRUST� toluidine red unheated serum test; VDRL … � Venereal Disease Research Laboratory test; WHO � World Health Organization. … Diagnostic accuracy of a point-of-care syphilis test when used among preg- nant women in Bolivia.

205. Screening for Impaired Visual Acuity in Older Adults: Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/caCcWa2a6jQGRyb7H8CkbU
     July 01, 2009 - There is convincing evidence that screening with a visual acuity test identifies persons with refractive … The USPSTF found convincing evidence that screening questions are not as accurate as visual acuity test … These costs would include opportunity costs for time spent administering the visual acuity test; costs … In the United States, a standardized test of visual acu- ity is the usual test for identifying the presence … Screening questions are not as accurate as a visual acuity test.

206. Screening for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Clinical Summary of USPSTF Recommendation (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/zuBMgkDP5VuWPPQCpfcSey
     In the 2-step approach, the 50-g oral glucose challenge test is administered between 24 and 28 weeks … , 7.50 mmol/L [135 mg/dL], or 7.77 mmol/L [140 mg/dL]), patients receive the oral glucose tolerance test

207. Archived: Ovarian Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/ovarian-cancer-screening-2012
     September 15, 2012 - directly depends on the prevalence of the disease—is low, and most women with a positive screening test … The evaluation of abnormal test results consists of either repeated testing or, frequently, removal of … Management of abnormal test results was directed by the participant's personal health care provider. … The OvaDx test is not currently approved by the U.S. … Food and Drug Administration for review in August 2010); pilot studies of its test characteristics are

208. Archived: Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2) in Adults: Screening, 2003 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/diabetes-mellitus-type-2-in-adults-screening-2003
     February 04, 2003 - The American Diabetes Association (ADA) has recommended the FPG test (>126 mg/dL) for screening because … The FPG test is more reproducible than the 2‐hour PG test, has less intraindividual variation, and has … Compared with the FPG test, the 2‐hour PG test may lead to more individuals being diagnosed as diabetic … The ADA recommends confirmation of a diagnosis of diabetes with a repeated FPG test on a separate day … A study using NHANES III data demonstrated that, compared with FPG, the 2‐hour PG as a screening test

209. Archived: Preeclampsia: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/preeclampsia-screening-1996
     January 01, 1996 - had a sensitivity of 50% in predicting subsequent preeclampsia. 15 The conventional urine dipstick test … variable elevations in albumin that occur early in the course of preeclampsia. 16 , 17 The definitive test … Other tests that have been suggested include the angiotensin II infusion test and the supine pressor … adequate sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value. 1 , 17 The most promising screening test … Because the target condition is a common medical complication of pregnancy and the screening test is

210. 4Z Bygyyfkv5Uru6Fjx8Pb (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/4z_ByGyYfKV5uRU6fjx8pB
     March 01, 2014 - in the United States is the 50-g oral glucose challenge test (OGCT). … Other methods of screening include the fasting plasma glucose test and screening based on risk factors … , HbA1c test, and screening based on risk factors, after 24 weeks of gestation. … Limited evidence demonstrated that the HbA1c test has poorer test characteristics than the OGCT. … Treatment of women with an abnormal glucose challenge test (but a normal oral glucose tolerance test)

211. Archived: Prostate Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/prostate-cancer-screening-2012
     May 15, 2012 - transient urinary difficulties associated with prostate biopsy, psychological harm of false-positive test … Men who have a false-positive test result are more likely to have additional testing, including 1 or … 15% to 20% of men will have a PSA test result that triggers a biopsy, depending on the PSA threshold … Thus, the accuracy of the PSA test for detecting clinically important prostate cancer cases cannot be … result Most positive test results lead to biopsy.

212. Recommendation: Cervical Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/cervical-cancer-screening
     August 21, 2018 - Abnormal screening test results are also associated with psychological harms. … , screening ages, screening interval, test characteristics, and follow-up protocols, including triage … Variable risk of cervical precancer and cancer after a human papillomavirus-positive test. … Protecting the underscreened women in developed countries: the value of HPV test. … The effect of hysterectomy on the risk of an abnormal screening Papanicolaou test result.

213. Clinical Summary: Risk Assessment, Genetic Counseling, and Genetic Testing for BRCA-Related Cancer (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/y3mQMyN2Y8mxKvPPXjM6kV
     willing to see a health professional who is suitably trained to provide genetic counseling and interpret test … results, and when test results will aid in decision making.

214. W-9Tarc9Nkw6Pe4Sfddmkz (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/W-9TArc9nkw6Pe4sfddMKZ
     July 01, 2013 - for overall effect: Z = 0.88 (P = 0.38) Test for subgroup differences: chi-square = 2.93; P = 0.09; … Treatment of women with an abnormal glucose challenge test (but a normal oral glucose tolerance test) … Effects on perinatal outcome of treating women with 1 elevated glucose tolerance test value. … Glucose Tolerance Test/ 16. Glucose Intolerance/ 17. Blood Glucose/ 18. Risk Factors/ 19. … for overall effect: Z = 2.60 (P = 0.009) Test for subgroup differences: chi-square = 0.99; P = 0.32

215. Screening for Cervical Cancer - Recommendations and Rationale (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/r7JMWkKKv2krN6cxKQUUfP
     January 01, 2010 - recommend for or against the routine use of human papillomavirus (HPV) testing as a primary screening test … not receive appropriate follow-up after an abnormal Pap smear.5,6 Because sensitivity of a single Pap test … Screening Using Cytologic Methods The USPSTF did not re-examine test characteristics of conventional … screening guidelines specifically recommend using HPV testing for screening, or recommend newer Pap test … The effect of hysterectomy on the risk of an abnormal screening Papanicolaou test result.

216. Vision Screening for Children 1 to 5 Years of Age: USPSTF Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/AkQC-rTVEsusNWG_TmWWtd
     February 01, 2011 - These tests include visual acuity tests, stereoacuity tests, the cover-uncover test, and the Hirschberg … ), the Randot Stereo Smile Test II (Stereo- Optical Co, Chicago, IL), and the iScreen (iScreen, Inc, … (Precision Vision, Inc, La- Salle, IL), the HOTV visual acuity test (Precision Vision, Inc, LaSalle, … The cover-uncover test was associated with lower sensitivity and higher spec- ificity, compared with … Four studies found that testability rates were lower for most screening tests (Random Dot E test, Lea

217. Archived: Latent Tuberculosis Infection: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/latent-tuberculosis-infection-screening-september-2016
     September 06, 2016 - Screening Tests Screening tests include the Mantoux tuberculin skin test and interferon-gamma release … The skin test reaction is measured in millimeters of the induration (a palpable, raised, hardened area … Numerous patient and systems factors may influence the selection of a screening test. 15 Generally, … In the absence of a reference standard for detection of LTBI, screening test performance is based on … Diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection: too soon to pull the plug on the tuberculin skin test.

218. Archived: Dementia in Older Adults: Screening, 2003 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/dementia-older-adults-screening-2003
     June 03, 2003 - Depending upon the cutpoint used for an abnormal test, the sensitivity of MMSE for dementia ranges from … , Modified MMSE, Mini‐Cog, Hopkins Verbal Learning Test, and the 7‐minute screen are promising, but have … , 12 , 17 The sensitivity and specificity of FAQ is reported to be 90 percent. 12 The functional test … Chula Mental Test: A screening test for elderly people in less developed countries. … Validation of a French version of an informant-based questionnaire as a screening test for Alzheimer's

219. Archived: Impaired Visual Acuity in Older Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/impaired-visual-acuity-in-older-adults-screening-2016
     March 01, 2016 - Screening Tests A visual acuity test (such as the Snellen eye chart) is the usual method for screening … Detection The USPSTF found convincing evidence that screening with a visual acuity test can identify … Evidence on the use of other tests for vision screening in primary care, such as the pinhole test (a … test for refractive error), the Amsler grid (a test of central vision to detect AMD), genetic testing … Compared with a detailed ophthalmological examination, no visual acuity screening test has both high

220. Archived: Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Adults: Screening, 2004 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/asymptomatic-bacteriuria-adults-screening-2004
     January 01, 2004 - Results from one study done with a new enzymatic urine-screening test (Uriscreen™) showed that the test