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121. Archived: Cervical Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/cervical-cancer-screening-2012
     March 15, 2012 - Detection Screening with cervical cytology or testing for multiple oncogenic HPV types (a test for … Because HPV test results may be positive among women who would otherwise be advised to end screening … and the benefits and harms of HPV testing as a stand-alone test or in combination with cytology. … Five-year experience of human papillomavirus DNA and Papanicolaou test cotesting. … The effect of hysterectomy on the risk of an abnormal screening Papanicolaou test result.

122. Screening for Syphilis Infection in Pregnancy: Reaffirmation Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/xw8Xj4Bts4yaj_ZaBjCuer
     May 01, 2009 - or the rapid plasma reagin (RPR) test. … pallidum par- ticle agglutination (TPPA) test. … American College of Ob- stetricians and Gynecologists advise (3) using a nontrepo- nemal screening test … initially (RPR or VDRL), followed by a confirmatory treponemal antibody test. … Tim ing of Screening Test all pregnant w om en at the first prenatal visit.

123. USPSTF Clinician Summary of USPSTF Recommendation: Screening for Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Adults (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/nV4GCeHGsZrfKUWxo9_zZb
     April 01, 2023 - • Two types of screening tests for LTBI are currently available in the US: the tuberculin skin test … apparent symptoms, do not feel sick, cannot spread TB to others, and usually have a positive TB skin test … or positive TB blood test reaction

124. Clinician Summary of USPSTF Recommendation: Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/HFVpc3j6HjLDkFxfqrr4wG
     August 01, 2021 - diabetes include measurement of fasting plasma glucose or HbA1c level or an oral glucose tolerance test … How Often: The optimal screening interval for adults with an initial normal glucose test result is

125. Archived: Evidence Summary: Visual Impairment in Children Ages 1-5: Screening, 2004 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/visual-impairment-in-children-ages-1-5-screening-2004
     May 13, 2004 - Any child failing an acuity test or cover test was referred to the hospital eye service. … The cover test and visual acuity test were always more than 99-percent specific, but had poor sensitivity … The cover test, with either photorefraction or acuity testing at 37 months, provided the best sensitivity … (25, 31 mos); for ocular alignment: cover test (all screenings); for stereopsis: Lang tests 1 & 2 (18 … , 25, 31 mos); Frisby test: (12, 18, 25, 31 mos); for motor fusion: 20 Dioptre base-out test (all screenings

126. Screening for Syphilis Infection in Pregnant Women: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/9Tse2TwVFQgYb-aNCq4Ngv
     September 04, 2018 - common (46.5%-88.2%), therefore warranting reflexive (automatic confirmatory) testing for all positive test … of congenital syphilis, and available evidence supports the need for reflexive testing for positive test … A nontreponemal test was used to screen for syphilis, with reflex to treponemal testing if the test result … This study found no false-negatives for any test. … - ing to investigate initial positive EIA/CIA test results in reverse sequence screening (Table 2).

127. Screening for HIV: Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/KWfaboZAt9KKoDMQbLvbbt
     June 20, 2019 - Since false-positive test results are rare, harms associated with HIV screening are minimal. … Potential harms of true-positive test results include increased anxiety, labeling, and effects on close … Persons who request an HIV test despite reporting no individual risk factors may also be considered at … The standard test for diagnosing HIV infection, the repeatedly reactive enzyme immunoassay followed by … False-positive HIV-1 test results in a low-risk screening setting of voluntary blood donation.

128. Evidence Summary: Unhealthy Alcohol Use in Adolescents and Adults: Screening and Behavioral Counseling Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/unhealthy-alcohol-use-in-adolescents-and-adults-screening-and-behavioral-counseling-interventions
     November 13, 2018 - Study Selection: Test accuracy studies and randomized clinical trials of screening and counseling to … For screening test accuracy (KQ2), studies of test accuracy reporting sensitivity and specificity compared … Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test. … Validity of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test in college students. … year on which a certain amount of drinks (4-6, depending on the test) were consumed in 1 day.

129. Archived: Bladder Cancer in Adults: Screening, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/bladder-cancer-adults-screening-1996
     January 01, 1996 - bladder, 1 renal, and 6 prostate). 18 Britton recruited 3,152 male outpatients over 60 years old to test … Even among older high-risk populations, the predictive value of a positive screening test is low (5-8% … Evaluation of the Chemstrip 9 as a screening test for urinalysis and urine culture in men. … Dipstick chemical urinalysis: an accurate cost-effective screening test. … Isolated asymptomatic microhematuria: a cross-sectional analysis of test-positive and test-negative patients

130. Archived: Hepatitis B in Pregnant Women: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/hepatitis-b-in-pregnant-women-screening-2009
     June 15, 2009 - Refer women who test positive for counseling and medical management.  … Implementation Establish systems for timely transfer of maternal HBsAg test results to the labor … performed in each pregnancy, regardless of previous hepatitis B vaccination or previous negative HBsAg test … Timing of Screening A test for HBsAg should be ordered at the first prenatal visit with other recommended … Pregnant women who test positive for HBsAg should be referred to an appropriate case-management program

131. Archived: Visual Impairment in Children Ages 1-5: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/visual-impairment-in-children-ages-1-5-screening-2011
     January 15, 2011 - Stereoacuity test Cover-uncover test Hirschberg light reflex test Autorefraction Photoscreening … light reflex test (for ocular alignment/strabismus), as well as the use of autorefractors (automated … (Precision Vision, Inc, La Salle, IL), the HOTV visual acuity test (Precision Vision, Inc, La Salle, … Four studies found that testability rates were lower for most screening tests (Random Dot E test, Lea … symbols test, and SureSight autorefractor [Welch Allyn, Inc, Skaneateles Falls, NY]) for children 1

132. Screening for Preeclampsia US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/Y5p8ZXy2ydg_VZMUfxbJ-6
     April 25, 2017 - The USPSTF found adequate evidence that testing for protein in the urine with a dipstick test has low … , albumin to creatinine ratio urine test, urine protein dipstick test, and 24-hour urine protein test … Although the 24-hour urine protein test is the gold standard, it is not practical for use in primary … creatinine ratio urine test, and 4 studies as- sessed the urine protein dipstick test. … Some comments requested elaboration on the urine protein dipstick test.

133. Liquid-Based Cytology and Human Papillomavirus Testing to Screen for Cervical Cancer: A Systematic Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/_9KLmyQyMnoE3agQJsgNE-
     November 01, 2011 - (HPV plus cytology), but its effect on screening test performance remains uncertain (2). … A fourth test, Amplicor HPV (Roche Diagnostics), is awaiting FDA approval (6). … test reliability, other quality control issues, and cost (66). … Evaluation of a new DNA test for detection of carcinogenic human papillomavirus. … ThinPrep Pap Test Quick Reference Guide: Endocervical Brush/ Spatula Protocol.

134. Archived: Final Research Plan: Preeclampsia: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan109/preeclampsia-screening-april-2017
     August 14, 2014 - How effective are different screening protocols (e.g., instruments, test procedures, timing of tests, … injury) Intermediate outcomes (KQs 2, 4): Preeclampsia incidence and proteinuria screening test … assessment tools and risk factors (KQ 2): RCTs, cohort studies, instrument validation studies, and test … accuracy of proteinuria screening tests (KQ 4): RCTs, cohort studies, instrument validation studies, and test

135. Recommendation: Syphilis Infection During Pregnancy: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/syphilis-infection-in-pregnancy-screening
     May 13, 2025 - important that screening occur as early in pregnancy as possible and that everyone with abnormal syphilis test … Screening should include both a treponemal and nontreponemal test. … Disease Research Laboratory or rapid plasma reagin) followed by a confirmatory treponemal test (eg, … TP-PA) for persons with positive nontreponemal test results. … immunoassay) for the initial screening, followed by a nontreponemal test for reactive samples.

136. Archived: Final Research Plan: Genital Herpes Infection: Serologic Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/genital-herpes-screening-november-2016
     August 06, 2015 - alone or a “paired” (HSV-1 and HSV-2) serologic test will be included if they meet other eligibility … criteria; however, only the accuracy of test characteristics related to HSV-2 serological tests will … discord, or distress or anxiety around the meaning of HSV-1 results when screening involves a “paired test … ‡ Studies that test for both HSV-1 and HSV-2 (simultaneously) will not be excluded if they meet the … other eligibility criteria; however, only the accuracy of test characteristics related to HSV-2 serologic

137. Screening for Carotid Artery Stenosis: An Update of the Evidence (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/YSj5xRQc9DroH8gpUYsoFA
     December 01, 2007 - Computed tomographic angiography has gained wide ac- ceptance in some centers as a follow-up test to … Although CTA is safer than angiog- raphy as a confirmatory test, it is unlikely to be a useful Figure … Duplex ultrasonography is a noninvasive screening test. … In a low-preva- lence population, the number of false-positive test results is high. … If all positive test results are followed by cerebral angiography, about 1% of people will experience

138. Archived: Ovarian Cancer: Screening, May 2004 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/ovarian-cancer-screening-2004
     May 04, 2004 - prevalence of ovarian cancer and the invasive nature of diagnostic testing after a positive screening test … The great majority of women with a positive screening test will not have ovarian cancer (i.e., they will … 2 percent (i.e., 98 percent of women with positive test results will not have ovarian cancer). … The positive predictive value of an initially positive screening test would be more favorable for women … whether adding color Doppler imaging to ultrasound screening can reduce the rate of false-positive test

139. Screening for Dementia in Primary Care: A Summary of the Evidence (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/B_Ae7DdLL7DNauBLXC-ptu
     June 01, 2003 - Mini-Mental Status Test,40,53 the Mini- Cog,54 the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test,55,56 and the 7-Minute … Chula Mental Test: A screening test for elderly people in less developed countries. … Clock-drawing: is it the ideal cognitive screening test? … The clinical utility of the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test as a screening test for mild dementia. … The Hopkins Verbal Learning Test and screening for dementia.

140. Screening for Syphilis Infection - Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/qVACAf9sMmuX48MnnVDcBR
     July 01, 2004 - These follow-up tests should be performed using the same nontreponemal test initially used to document … (VDRL or RPR) followed by a confirmatory treponemal test (FTA-ABS or TP-PA). … (number needed to screen [NNS] = 24,000); 200 per 100,000 people screened would have false-positive test … of syphilis infection (NNS = 10); almost 2,000 per 100,000 people screened would have false-negative test … Impact of a mandatory syphilis delivery test on reported cases of congenital syphilis in Upstate New