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  1. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/osteoporosis-bone-fracture_research-protocol.pdf
    May 14, 2010 - continued use of pharmacotherapy, and what are the comparative anti-fracture efficacies of continued long-term … Assessment of long-term effects will be based on the consensus definition of “long-term” in studies … Published Online: May 14, 2010 • Other factors (e.g., community dwelling vs. residents of long-term … sustaining a fracture during the follow-up period) (c) KQ4: What are the short- and long-term … • Comparators b The term adherence is defined as the
  2. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/methodsguidenorris_060420101.pdf
    June 01, 2010 - A potential advantage of this type of study is that long- term benefits, tolerability, and harms can … term=%22Owens%20DK%22%5BAuthor%5D� http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed? … term=%22Lohr%20KN%22%5BAuthor%5D� http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed? … term=%22Atkins%20D%22%5BAuthor%5D� 10 19. Bravata DM, McDonald KM, Gienger AL, et al. … Are long-term outcomes similar to short-term outcomes?
  3. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-observational-studies_methods.pdf
    June 01, 2010 - A potential advantage of this type of study is that long- term benefits, tolerability, and harms can … term=%22Owens%20DK%22%5BAuthor%5D� http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed? … term=%22Lohr%20KN%22%5BAuthor%5D� http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed? … term=%22Atkins%20D%22%5BAuthor%5D� 10 19. Bravata DM, McDonald KM, Gienger AL, et al. … Are long-term outcomes similar to short-term outcomes?
  4. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/nonpharma-treatment-pain_research-protocol-amended.pdf
    September 20, 2017 - • Timing: o Duration of followup: short term (up to 6 months), intermediate term (6-12 months) … and long term (at least 1 year); we will focus on longer-term (>1 year) effects where possible o … (up to 6 months), intermediate term (6-12 months) and long term (at least 1 year); focus on longer … term (>1 year) effects. … Trends in long-term opioid therapy for chronic non-cancer pain.
  5. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/gestational-diabetes-screening-diagnosis_research-protocol.pdf
    December 16, 2011 - preexisting DM who do not meet specific test thresholds for GDM  Outcomes: o Maternal  Short-term … 4 Source: www.effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov Published Online: December 16, 2011  Short-term … : type 2 DM risk, obesity, hypertension o Fetal/neonatal/child  Short-term: macrosomia, shoulder … For KQ2, outcomes include short- and long-term maternal, fetal, and child morbidity and mortality as … KQs 3 and 4 will examine a variety of short- and long-term outcomes for the mother and fetus/neonate
  6. Obesity (pdf file)

    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/obesity-horizon-scan-high-impact-1412.pdf
    December 01, 2014 - Only one surgical treatment (gastric bypass surgery) has definitively demonstrated long-term efficacy … Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved antiobesity pharmacotherapy available for long-term use … were uncertain regarding long-term safety and efficacy. … However, some experts expressed concern regarding long-term efficacy and the potential for patients … safety data with new drug applications and committing to long-term postmarket studies.28,53 Until
  7. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-tests-introduction_methods.pdf
    July 01, 2012 - (Note that here “medical tests” is used as an umbrella term, to denote any test used in a health care … medical tests are often thought of as something performed in the laboratory or radiology suite, the term
  8. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/binge-eating_clinician.pdf
    May 01, 2016 - Efficacy studies only measured outcomes at the end of treatment (8 weeks to 6 months) and had no long-term … However, most comparative effectiveness studies had long-term followup (at 6 months, at 12 months, … † Because of uncertainty about the definition of BED remission and recovery, the term “abstinence” … In doing so, the term “remission” is reserved to reflect a more sustained, global state of change marked … report identified several gaps and limitations in the evidence base: �� A critical gap exists in long-term
  9. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/breastfeeding-health-outcomes-protocol-amendment.pdf
    February 03, 2025 - Decades of research showing that breastfeeding is associated with short- and long-term benefits for … Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria PICOTS Inclusion Exclusion Populations Full term infants (≥ 37 and … Some factors identified a priori that may limit the applicability of evidence to full- term infants in … Nutrition for healthy term infants: Recommendations from birth to six months. 11/1/2022]. … Support for healthy breastfeeding mothers with healthy term babies.
  10. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/infantile-hemangioma_research-protocol.pdf
    December 23, 2014 - treatment to mitigate future complications (e.g., bleeding, ulceration) of the hemangioma or long-term … ; the commenter suggested expanding the population to older children and teens to address the long-term … (≤ 3 months) • Long-term (> 3 months) Setting • Inpatient and outpatient settings (e.g., pediatric … (≤ 2 years of age) • Long-term (> 2 years of age) KQ4 • Immediate and short-term (≤ 3 months) • … Long-term (> 3 months) Setting • Inpatient and outpatient settings (e.g., pediatric radiology clinic
  11. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/antipsychotics-adults_research-protocol.pdf
    December 01, 2010 - side effects (e.g., tremor, slurred speech, akathisia, dystonia), some of which appear after long-term … The long-term consequences of SGAs remain largely unknown.10 There is debate surrounding the efficacy … or both, on primary negative symptoms,11 and 2) derivation of data on negative symptoms from short-term … trials that focus on patients selected on the basis of positive symptoms (or, for longer-term trials … or long-term or longterm or followup or follow up or follow- up).mp. and (study or studies or trial
  12. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/effect-protein-intake-disposition-comments.pdf
    November 22, 2024 - implications of the evidence in our Abstract, Executive Summary, and Conclusion sections, we used the term … The term "unclear" highlights ongoing uncertainty and the need for further investigation.
  13. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-250-cannabis-2025-surv-rep-update-executive-sum.pdf
    January 01, 2025 - high THC to CBD ratio) products.4-6 In patients with chronic (mainly neuropathic) pain with short-term … Key Question 1: Benefits of cannabinoids for chronic pain compared with placebo in the short term (4 … Key Question 2: Harms of cannabinoids for chronic pain compared with placebo in the short term (4 weeks … improvements in pain with some cannabis products, but the impact on moderate or long- term outcomes … studies evaluating specific cannabis-based products available in the United States, studies on long-term
  14. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/infantile-hemangioma_clinician.pdf
    June 01, 2016 - Propranolol was associated with short-term (<6 months) adverse effects such as hypotension, hypoglycemia … However, few studies have assessed potential long-term harms associated with beta-blocker use in infants … ��Few studies have assessed the potential long-term harms associated with using beta-blockers to treat … Longer term effects on cardiovascular and metabolic parameters known to be affected by beta-blocker … evidence for the adverse effects associated with the different interventions for IH ��Potential long-term
  15. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-250-cannabis-apps-a-e-surveillance-report-2-final_0_0.pdf
    March 01, 2022 - Overall, in patients with chronic (mainly neuropathic) pain with short-term treatment (4 weeks to < … Dronabinol Is a Safe Long-Term Treatment Option for Neuropathic Pain Patients. … (4 weeks to <6 months), intermediate term (6 to <12 months), long term (≥1 year) All KQs: Studies … Dronabinol Is a Safe Long-Term Treatment Option for Neuropathic Pain Patients. … Dronabinol Is a Safe Long-Term Treatment Option for Neuropathic Pain Patients.
  16. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/breast-cancer-medications_disposition-comments.pdf
    March 10, 2010 - The term prevention is not used in the labeled indications. … The decision to use the term "risk reduction" was deliberate by FDA. … "Primary prevention" is a medical term that means to keep a disease from occurring. … This is the term most relevant to the research itself. … The term modified Gail model is used but I can't find where it is defined.
  17. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/study-objectives-and-questions-chapter-1.pptx
    January 01, 2013 - Are decisionmakers interested in short-term or long-term outcomes?
  18. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/gastric-cancers-protocol-amended.pdf
    February 07, 2025 - mild treatment adverse events (grade 1, 2) • Indirect adverse events from treatment (e.g.., long-term … As secondary reports (e.g., publications on secondary outcomes or longer-term results) are identified … This data includes the intervention by subgroup interaction term derived from a regression model or … explode to include all terms in the tree /mj = limit to terms indexed as major concepts /de = search term
  19. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/gastric-cancers-protocol-amendment.pdf
    May 02, 2025 - mild treatment adverse events (grade 1, 2) • Indirect adverse events from treatment (e.g.., long-term … As secondary reports (e.g., publications on secondary outcomes or longer-term results) are identified … This data includes the intervention by subgroup interaction term derived from a regression model or … explode to include all terms in the tree /mj = limit to terms indexed as major concepts /de = search term
  20. Decision Modeling (ppt file)

    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/medical-test-reviews-decision-modeling.ppt
    June 01, 2012 - term=15968029 Trikalinos TA, Siebert U, Lau J. … term=19773580 Lord SJ, Irwig L, Simes RJ. … term=19773580 Lord SJ, Irwig L, Simes RJ. … term=16754927 2. … AD in Long-term Clinical Evaluation No AD in Long-term Clinical Evaluation PET suggestive of AD “True

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