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1. Archived: Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Screening, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm-screening-1996
   January 01, 1996 - Among 13 large case-series of surgery for nonruptured aneurysms published since 1980, overall surgical … or died of other causes before surgery. 11 In recent series, up to 40% of patients undergoing surgery … risk of rupture (25-41% over 5 years) is substantially higher than risks from surgery. 3 While more … or died of other causes before surgery. 11 In recent series, up to 40% of patients undergoing surgery … risk of rupture (25-41% over 5 years) is substantially higher than risks from surgery. 3 While more

2. Archived: Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm-screening-2014
   June 23, 2014 - Early open surgery for the treatment of smaller AAAs does not reduce AAA-specific or all-cause mortality … for AAA is lower than that for death related to emergency surgery for AAA rupture. … One study reported that women had a higher risk for death related to AAA surgery than men; death rates … to 75 years who are candidates for surgery and willing to participate. … [PMID: 21335273] Mastracci TM, Cinà CS; Canadian Society for Vascular Surgery.

3. Ym2Epescwzwnpaamr78Shp (pdf file)
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/Ym2epesCwZWNPaaMr78Shp
   August 01, 2014 - emergency surgery for rupture. … Endo- vascular aneurysm repair is an alternative to open surgery. … Emergency Surgery. … 65 to 75 years who are candidates for surgery and willing to participate. … Mastracci TM, Cinà CS; Canadian Society for Vascular Surgery.

4. Archived: Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm-screening-february-2005
   February 15, 2005 - open surgical repair of an AAA is 4 to 5 percent, and nearly one-third of patients undergoing this surgery … Additionally, men having this surgery are at increased risk for impotence. … Those who underwent surgery, compared with those on continued surveillance, had slightly lower Short … Form-36 scores but higher self-rated health scores 3 months after surgery. … and North American Chapter, International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery.

5. Archived: Carotid Artery Stenosis: Screening, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/carotid-artery-stenosis-screening-1996
   January 01, 1996 - If complication rates of surgery are higher or underlying risk of stroke lower than reported for the … ACAS study, the risks of surgery for asymptomatic carotid artery disease may outweigh the benefits. … , and access to high-quality vascular surgery centers. … The CASANOVA Study Group Carotid surgery versus medical therapy in asymptomatic carotid stenosis. … Drugs and surgery in the prevention of ischemic stroke.

6. Screening for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm - Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/p8bwnFstpfy9KoDSJhT7m5
   February 01, 2005 - Additionally, men having this surgery are at increased risk for impotence. … Patients cannot benefit from screening and subsequent surgery unless they have a reasonable life expectancy … Those who underwent surgery, compared with those receiving continued surveillance, had slightly lower … Short Form-36 scores but higher self-rated health scores 3 months after surgery. … and North American Chapter, International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery.

7. Final Research Plan: BRCA-Related Cancer: Risk Assessment, Genetic Counseling, and Genetic Testing | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/brca-related-cancer-risk-assessment-genetic-counseling-and-genetic-testing
   August 24, 2017 - , use of risk-reducing medications (aromatase inhibitors, tamoxifen, raloxifene), and risk-reducing surgery … , use of risk-reducing medications [aromatase inhibitors, tamoxifen, raloxifene], and risk-reducing surgery … immediate and long-term harms associated with screening, risk-reducing medications, and risk-reducing surgery … , use of risk-reducing medications (aromatase inhibitors, tamoxifen, raloxifene), and risk-reducing surgery … alternative approaches KQs 4, 5: Intensive screening, risk-reducing medications, or risk-reducing surgery

8. Archived: Final Research Plan: BRCA-Related Cancer: Risk Assessment, Genetic Counseling, and Genetic Testing | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan11/brca-related-cancer-risk-assessment-genetic-counseling-and-genetic-testing-2013
   December 15, 2012 - breast magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]), use of medications (tamoxifen, raloxifene), and risk-reducing surgery … more frequent mammography, breast MRI), use of medications (tamoxifen, raloxifene), and risk-reducing surgery … immediate and long-term harms associated with breast imaging, risk-reducing medications, and risk-reducing surgery … frequent mammography, breast MRI), use of medications (e.g., tamoxifen, raloxifene), and risk-reducing surgery … immediate and long-term harms associated with breast imaging, risk-reducing medications, and risk-reducing surgery

9. Archived: Impaired Visual Acuity in Older Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/impaired-visual-acuity-in-older-adults-screening-2009
   July 15, 2009 - , and 1 study reported increased risk for death in patients who do not have cataract surgery. 13 , 14 … versus no surgery. … Corneal ectasia, a known harm of refractive surgery, occurs at a median rate of 0.2%. 1 Cataract surgery … A systematic review of the safety and efficacy of elective photorefractive surgery for the correction … Impact of cataract surgery on motor vehicle crash involvement by older adults.

10. Evidence Summary: Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm-screening
    December 10, 2019 - These 4 early surgery trials showed a substantial increase in procedures in the early surgery group. … Only 2 trials reported 30-day mortality after elective surgery and 30-day mortality after emergency surgery … e Defined as hospital death or death within 30 days of surgery. … f Reinterventions 30 or fewer days after surgery; for 30 or more days after surgery, 50 patients underwent … i Defined as hospital death or death within 30 days of surgery.

11. Evidence Summary: Ovarian Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/ovarian-cancer-screening
    February 13, 2018 - Main Outcomes and Measures: Ovarian cancer mortality, false-positive screening results and surgery, … Screening harms included surgery (with major surgical complications) in women found to not have cancer … Without Cancer (%) c Screening Test Complications False-Positive Surgery, No. … d Among women with false-positive results (benign findings) who underwent surgery. … False-positive surgery occurred in 0.2% to 1% of those screened with CA-125.

12. Is Prostate Cancer Screening Right for You? (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Home/GetFileByID/3795
    May 01, 2018 - with cancer that never grows, spreads, or harms them, also known as overdiagnosis. 80* Choose Surgery … Other Organs3** 1** Avoids Death From Prostate Cancer*** 5** Die From Prostate Cancer Even After Surgery … * This includes 65 men who choose surgery or radiation at diagnosis, as well as 15 men who choose … to monitor their cancer initially and later have surgery or radiation when it progresses. ** Estimates

13. Is Prostate Cancer Screening Right for You? (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Home/GetFileByToken/HV9RGq3wLyh6PyK4oxVtde
    May 01, 2018 - with cancer that never grows, spreads, or harms them, also known as overdiagnosis. 80* Choose Surgery … Other Organs3** 1** Avoids Death From Prostate Cancer*** 5** Die From Prostate Cancer Even After Surgery … * This includes 65 men who choose surgery or radiation at diagnosis, as well as 15 men who choose … to monitor their cancer initially and later have surgery or radiation when it progresses. ** Estimates

14. Archived: Impaired Visual Acuity in Older Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/impaired-visual-acuity-in-older-adults-screening-2016
    March 01, 2016 - Harms of cataract surgery include posterior lens opacification and endophthalmitis. … No randomized trials were identified that evaluated clinical outcomes associated with cataract surgery … vs no surgery. … at a median rate of 0.2%. 1 , 4 Cataract surgery can lead to posterior capsule opacification of the … A Systematic Review of the Safety and Efficacy of Elective Photorefractive Surgery for the Correction

15. Screening for Ovarian Cancer: A Brief Evidence Update (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/k2QHcwuK4NkvxFXhvGrbwY
    May 01, 2004 - .11–13 Women with persistently abnormal findings on these tests are referred for diagnostic abdominal surgery … Treatment of diagnosed cancers includes surgery and chemotherapy or other adjuvant therapy for tumors … Those with persistently abnormal scans were referred for surgery. … women that reported data on sensitivity and specificity of tests for women who underwent diagnostic surgery … (assuming 7% of women recalled for abnormal findings and 1.3% false-positive results at diagnostic surgery

16. Archived: Final Evidence Summary: Impaired Visual Acuity in Older Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary50/impaired-visual-acuity-in-older-adults-screening-2009
    July 15, 2009 - Refractive Surgery. … quality of life. 33-35 Cataract Surgery. … No randomized trial evaluated visual outcomes associated with cataract surgery versus no surgery. … National study of cataract surgery outcomes. … The impact of cataract surgery on depression among older adults.

17. Final Research Plan: Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm-screening
    November 30, 2017 - What are the effects of treatment (pharmacotherapy or surgery) on treatment-relevant, intermediate health … screening KQs 2, 3: Repeat screening vs. no rescreening KQ 4: Pharmacotherapy vs. placebo, surgery … disease events, and quality of life KQ 5: Harms (i.e., serious adverse events from pharmacotherapy or surgery … >1,000) KQ 5: Randomized, controlled trials; large cohort studies (sample size >1,000); vascular surgery

18. Archived: Carotid Artery Stenosis: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/carotid-artery-stenosis-screening-july-2014
    July 08, 2014 - The Society for Vascular Surgery also released a guideline in 2011 stating that routine screening to … Carotid surgery versus medical therapy in asymptomatic carotid stenosis. … , Society for Vascular Medicine, and Society for Vascular Surgery. … Ricotta JJ, Aburahma A, Ascher E, Eskandari M, Faries P, Lal BK; Society for Vascular Surgery. … Updated Society for Vascular Surgery guidelines for management of extracranial carotid disease.

19. Screening Older Adults for Impaired Visual Acuity: A Review of the Evidence for the USPSTF (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/7eLc5kBtomL_HKpYDwsFPf
    July 01, 2009 - Refractive Surgery. … Cataract Surgery. … No randomized trial evaluated visual out- comes associated with cataract surgery versus no surgery. … Photorefractive Surgery. … National study of cataract surgery outcomes.

20. Archived: Final Evidence Review: Ovarian Cancer: Screening, May 2004 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-review79/ovarian-cancer-screening-2004
    May 15, 2004 - -12 Women with persistently abnormal findings on these tests are referred for diagnostic abdominal surgery … Treatment of diagnosed cancers includes surgery and chemotherapy or other adjuvant therapy for tumors … Those with persistently abnormal scans were referred for surgery. … women that reported data on sensitivity and specificity of tests for women who underwent diagnostic surgery … CA 125-based multimodal screening was estimated as 1 percent for initial recall and 15 percent for surgery