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1. Archived: Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Screening, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm-screening-1996
   January 01, 1996 - Among 13 large case-series of surgery for nonruptured aneurysms published since 1980, overall surgical … or died of other causes before surgery. 11 In recent series, up to 40% of patients undergoing surgery … risk of rupture (25-41% over 5 years) is substantially higher than risks from surgery. 3 While more … or died of other causes before surgery. 11 In recent series, up to 40% of patients undergoing surgery … risk of rupture (25-41% over 5 years) is substantially higher than risks from surgery. 3 While more

2. Archived: Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm-screening-2014
   June 23, 2014 - Early open surgery for the treatment of smaller AAAs does not reduce AAA-specific or all-cause mortality … for AAA is lower than that for death related to emergency surgery for AAA rupture. … One study reported that women had a higher risk for death related to AAA surgery than men; death rates … to 75 years who are candidates for surgery and willing to participate. … [PMID: 21335273] Mastracci TM, Cinà CS; Canadian Society for Vascular Surgery.

3. Ym2Epescwzwnpaamr78Shp (pdf file)
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/Ym2epesCwZWNPaaMr78Shp
   August 01, 2014 - emergency surgery for rupture. … Endo- vascular aneurysm repair is an alternative to open surgery. … Emergency Surgery. … 65 to 75 years who are candidates for surgery and willing to participate. … Mastracci TM, Cinà CS; Canadian Society for Vascular Surgery.

4. Final Evidence Review: Glaucoma: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-review38/glaucoma-screening
   February 15, 2013 - and aqueous drainage device surgery), and a host of newer procedures. … Intra-operative mitomycin C for glaucoma surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev . 2005:CD002897. … Beta radiation for glaucoma surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev . 2009:CD003433. … Surgical studies could use glaucoma surgery combined with other procedures. … and trabeculectomy decreases IOP 2-site surgery might further decrease IOP over 1-site surgery Laser

5. Archived: Final Evidence Review: Glaucoma: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-review38/glaucoma-screening-2013
   February 15, 2013 - and aqueous drainage device surgery), and a host of newer procedures. … Intra-operative mitomycin C for glaucoma surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev . 2005:CD002897. … Beta radiation for glaucoma surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev . 2009:CD003433. … Surgical studies could use glaucoma surgery combined with other procedures. … and trabeculectomy decreases IOP 2-site surgery might further decrease IOP over 1-site surgery Laser

6. Comparative Effectiveness of Treatments for Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/kHRX4aX5V_GKoygGAeejhb
   February 01, 2013 - and aqueous drainage device surgery), and a host of newer procedures. … Intra-operative mitomycin C for glau- coma surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005:CD002897. … Surgical studies could use glaucoma surgery combined with other procedures. … Beta radiation for glaucoma surgery. Co- chrane Database Syst Rev. 2009:CD003433. … and trabeculectomy decreases IOP 2-site surgery might further decrease IOP over 1-site surgery Laser

7. Archived: Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm-screening-february-2005
   February 15, 2005 - open surgical repair of an AAA is 4 to 5 percent, and nearly one-third of patients undergoing this surgery … Additionally, men having this surgery are at increased risk for impotence. … Those who underwent surgery, compared with those on continued surveillance, had slightly lower Short … Form-36 scores but higher self-rated health scores 3 months after surgery. … and North American Chapter, International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery.

8. Archived: Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Screening, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/adolescent-idiopathic-scoliosis-screening-1996
   January 01, 1996 - Surgery may also be recommended for cases detected through screening, and it is argued that early surgery … Surgery is generally not considered unless significant progression has occurred. … Few clinical trials have compared surgery with no surgery to assess its efficacy case series reports … Surgical and clinical results of scoliosis surgery using Zielke instrumentation. … Predicting blood loss in surgery for idiopathic scoliosis.

9. Archived: Carotid Artery Stenosis: Screening, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/carotid-artery-stenosis-screening-1996
   January 01, 1996 - If complication rates of surgery are higher or underlying risk of stroke lower than reported for the … ACAS study, the risks of surgery for asymptomatic carotid artery disease may outweigh the benefits. … , and access to high-quality vascular surgery centers. … The CASANOVA Study Group Carotid surgery versus medical therapy in asymptomatic carotid stenosis. … Drugs and surgery in the prevention of ischemic stroke.

10. Screening for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm - Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/p8bwnFstpfy9KoDSJhT7m5
    February 01, 2005 - Additionally, men having this surgery are at increased risk for impotence. … Patients cannot benefit from screening and subsequent surgery unless they have a reasonable life expectancy … Those who underwent surgery, compared with those receiving continued surveillance, had slightly lower … Short Form-36 scores but higher self-rated health scores 3 months after surgery. … and North American Chapter, International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery.

11. Screening for Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Evidence Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/CPCr9xB4m5UcxxoN_WuUQt
    August 01, 2019 - may have been sicker to begin with than persons who did have surgery. … Of the 57 persons who underwent surgery across all studies, harms of surgery were assessed in six studies … 165 and clinical followup at 1 month and 12 months after surgery (n=7 receiving surgery).160 In the … Surgery. 2012;152(3 Suppl 1):S4-12. PMID: 22770958. 51. … British Journal of Surgery. 2016;103(3):257-66. PMID: 26785646.

12. Recommendation: Pancreatic Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/pancreatic-cancer-screening
    August 06, 2019 - Treatment or Interventions Surgery (pancreaticoduodenectomy [known as the Whipple procedure] or total … Of the 57 patients undergoing surgery, 14 were found to have pancreatic cancer, 38 had precursor lesions … As noted above, 14 of these cases were confirmed by surgery. … Six studies reported on the harms of surgery (n = 32 persons receiving surgery). 14 , 17 , 18 , 20 , … Surgery . 2018;164(6):1178-1184. doi:10.1016/j.surg.2018.07.014 30.

13. Screening for Oral Cancer: Literature Surveillance Review (Updated 2022) (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/KCsju97kemCUao8NyEz8jX
    January 01, 2022 - Journal of Otolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery. 2017;46(1):5. 2. … Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology. 2020;129(4):401-410. 6. … Indian Journal of Otolaryngology & Head & Neck Surgery. 2019;71(4):492-497. 10.

14. Archived: Final Research Plan: BRCA-Related Cancer: Risk Assessment, Genetic Counseling, and Genetic Testing | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan11/brca-related-cancer-risk-assessment-genetic-counseling-and-genetic-testing-2013
    December 15, 2012 - breast magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]), use of medications (tamoxifen, raloxifene), and risk-reducing surgery … more frequent mammography, breast MRI), use of medications (tamoxifen, raloxifene), and risk-reducing surgery … immediate and long-term harms associated with breast imaging, risk-reducing medications, and risk-reducing surgery … frequent mammography, breast MRI), use of medications (e.g., tamoxifen, raloxifene), and risk-reducing surgery … immediate and long-term harms associated with breast imaging, risk-reducing medications, and risk-reducing surgery

15. Screening for Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Evidence Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Home/GetFile/1/17045/pancreatic-cancer-screening-final-evidence-review/pdf
    August 01, 2019 - may have been sicker to begin with than persons who did have surgery. … Of the 57 persons who underwent surgery across all studies, harms of surgery were assessed in six studies … 165 and clinical followup at 1 month and 12 months after surgery (n=7 receiving surgery).160 In the … Surgery. 2012;152(3 Suppl 1):S4-12. PMID: 22770958. 51. … British Journal of Surgery. 2016;103(3):257-66. PMID: 26785646.

16. Final Research Plan: BRCA-Related Cancer: Risk Assessment, Genetic Counseling, and Genetic Testing | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/brca-related-cancer-risk-assessment-genetic-counseling-and-genetic-testing
    August 24, 2017 - , use of risk-reducing medications (aromatase inhibitors, tamoxifen, raloxifene), and risk-reducing surgery … , use of risk-reducing medications [aromatase inhibitors, tamoxifen, raloxifene], and risk-reducing surgery … immediate and long-term harms associated with screening, risk-reducing medications, and risk-reducing surgery … , use of risk-reducing medications (aromatase inhibitors, tamoxifen, raloxifene), and risk-reducing surgery … alternative approaches KQs 4, 5: Intensive screening, risk-reducing medications, or risk-reducing surgery

17. Evidence Summary: Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm-screening
    December 10, 2019 - These 4 early surgery trials showed a substantial increase in procedures in the early surgery group. … Only 2 trials reported 30-day mortality after elective surgery and 30-day mortality after emergency surgery … e Defined as hospital death or death within 30 days of surgery. … f Reinterventions 30 or fewer days after surgery; for 30 or more days after surgery, 50 patients underwent … i Defined as hospital death or death within 30 days of surgery.

18. Screening for Ovarian Cancer (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/4ZTya9p9jL2PzyVc2o4N7t
    September 01, 2012 - If something abnormal is seen, further testing is often needed using surgery. … Because surgery is needed to confirm the diagnosis, false-positive results from ovarian cancer screening … cause many women to have unnecessary surgery. … This surgery may lead to the removal of a healthy ovary. … Any surgery, including this one, also can cause harms such as infections or blood clots.

19. Evidence Summary: Thyroid Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/thyroid-cancer-screening
    May 09, 2017 - . 31 Only 8% (n = 94) who opted for observation ultimately had surgery. … Surgery. 2012;152(6):957-964. Son YI, Jeong HS, Baek CH, et al. … Surgery . 2010;148(3):526-531. Spear SA, Theler J, Sorensen DM. … Surgery . 2006;140(6):1000-1005. Yassa L, Cibas ES, Benson CB, et al. … Fair Fair: indication for type of surgery and case mix of patients going on to surgery have changed

20. Is Prostate Cancer Screening Right for You? (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Home/GetFileByID/3795
    May 01, 2018 - with cancer that never grows, spreads, or harms them, also known as overdiagnosis. 80* Choose Surgery … to Other Organs3** 1** Avoids Death From Prostate Cancer*** 5** Die From Prostate Cancer EvenAfter Surgery … * This includes 65 men who choose surgery or radiation at diagnosis, as well as 15 men who choose … to monitor their cancer initially and later have surgery or radiation when it progresses. ** Estimates