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441. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/cad-women-treatment_research-protocol.pdf
     September 29, 2011 - optimal medical therapies, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and coronary artery bypass graft surgery … Since the introduction of bypass surgery in 1967 and PCI in 1977, it has become clear that both strategies … Repeat PCI can be performed more easily than repeat bypass surgery, and revascularization can be achieved … CABG-specific factors such as type of surgery performed, cardiopulmonary bypass mode (normothermic versus … One-year outcomes of coronary artery bypass graft surgery versus percutaneous coronary intervention

442. Project Name: (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/sleep-apnea_disposition-comments.pdf
     October 25, 2011 - Sleep apnea devices and sleep apnea surgery should be compared on effectiveness, not efficacy. … (anesthesia), not complications related to surgery for OSA. … We have added to the description of Surgery that surgery is used for those with prior treatment failures … support an important effect of surgery. … Survival of veterans with sleep apnea: continuous positive airway pressure versus surgery.

443. Management of Infantile Epilepsy | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/management-infantile-epilepsy/research-protocol
     July 01, 2021 - KQ 1, 3: Pharmacologic interventions KQ 2, 3: Non-pharmacologic intervention: dietary therapies, surgery … Corpus callosotomy Hemispherectomy/ Hemispherotomy Resective surgery Laser ablation Multiple … Inclusion and Exclusion, Study Design Criterion #6 Allow outcome data on 10-29 patients only for surgery … (AANS/CNS) Joint Guidelines Review Committee (JGRC) sent the protocol to its Pediatric Neurological Surgery … ketogenic'):ab,ti,kw 7 Surgical Procedures craniotomy/de OR hemispherectomy/de OR 'laser surgery

444. Appendix K Rapid Evidence Review Treatments for Clostridium difficile Colitis (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/clinical-pathway-methods-report-appendix-k.pdf
     February 01, 2018 - • Surgery is indicated for life threatening severely refractory CDI or cases of toxic megacolon. … K-15 Organization Recommendation Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma [EAST] 201411 … (vs. partial colectomy or other surgery). … World Society of Emergency Surgery [WSES] 201513 Guideline on management of CDI in surgical patients … Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma [EAST] 201411 Does not provide specific definitions

445. Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) - defined as peripheral artery disease of the lower extremities 1) Does aspirin reduce the risk of adverse cardiovascular events (MI, stroke, cardiovascular death) in patients with PAD? Is there a… | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/get-involved/nominated-topics/peripheral-artery-disease-pad-defined-as-peripheral-artery-disease-of-the-lower-extremities-1-does-aspirin-reduce-the-risk-of-adverse-cardiovascular-events-mi-stroke-cardiovascular-death-in-patients-with-pad-is-there-a-diffe
     November 01, 2017 - 4) Is endovascular intervention as effective as bypass surgery in maintaining amputation-free survival … endovascular intervention for claudication; and comparison of endovascular intervention and bypass surgery

446. Feeding and Nutrition Interventions in Cerebral Palsy | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/cerebral-palsy-feeding/research-protocol
     December 01, 2019 - but not limited to: Failure to place tube or tube migration/dislodgment Need for further surgery … but not limited to: Failure to place tube or tube migration/dislodgment Need for further surgery … "[Mesh] OR (reflux[tiab] AND (surgery[tiab] OR surgical[tiab])) 2,481,056 #3 ("Nutritional … #1 ("Cerebral Palsy/drug therapy"[MeSH] OR "Cerebral Palsy/surgery"[MeSH] OR "Cerebral Palsy … "[Mesh] OR (reflux[tiab] AND (surgery[tiab] OR surgical[tiab])) OR "Family Therapy"[mesh] OR "family

447. Tonsillectomy for Recurrent Infection and Obstructive Sleep Disordered Breathing | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/tonsillectomy/research-protocol
     March 01, 2020 - Choice of technique may depend on factors including the underlying indication for surgery (e.g., recurrent … Oropharyngeal surgery may present children with difficulty returning to normal diets, maintaining adequate … The current review, nominated by the American Academy of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Foundation … and harms of postoperative (i.e., after discharge from post-anesthesia care and up to 10 days post-surgery … any setting, except for KQ6, which includes pharmacologic agents for pain given up to 10 days post-surgery

448. Diarrhea | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/health-topics/diarrhea
     September 12, 2019 - colon functions, such as irritable bowel syndrome Some people also get diarrhea after stomach surgery

449. Peripheral-Artery-Disease-Treatment Executive (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/peripheral-artery-disease-treatment_executive.pdf
     May 01, 2013 - Multiple strategies for revascularization include surgery, angioplasty (cryoplasty, drug-coated, cutting … A Cochrane review of bypass surgery for CLI also concluded that there was limited evidence for the … Multiple groups, including the American College of Cardiology, Vascular Surgery working groups, and … Results of the randomized, placebo-controlled clopidogrel and acetylsalicylic acid in bypass surgery … Bypass surgery for chronic lower limb ischaemia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000(3):CD002000.

450. Nutrition as Prevention for Improved Cancer Outcomes (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/product/pdf/improved-cancer-outcomes-protocol_0.pdf
     December 01, 2021 - outcomes associated with cancer treatment vary by cancer type, treatment type (chemotherapy, radiation, surgery … • Cancer and treatment characteristics (cancer type, treatment type (systemic therapy, radiation, surgery … initial cancer diagnosis and initiation of any cancer therapy (e.g., systemic therapy, radiation, surgery … delivered simultaneously (at least in part) w ith cancer therapy (e.g., systemic therapy, radiation, surgery … delivered simultaneously (at least in part) w ith cancer therapy (e.g., systemic therapy, radiation, surgery

451. Radiation Therapy for Bone Metastases (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/product/pdf/rt-bone-metatases-final-protocol-amendment.pdf
     August 10, 2022 - .10,11 These may include bone- modifying agents (e.g., bisphosphonates), bone-targeting radionuclides,3 surgery … including minimally invasive surgery, or minimally invasive procedures such as ablation, kyphoplasty … treatment of bone metastases in symptomatic adults when combined with additional therapies (e.g., , surgery … Spinal metastasis: The rise of minimally invasive surgery. … c) EBRT combined with another treatment modality (e.g., surgery, radionuclide therapy, bisphosphonate

452. Management of Renal Masses and Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma: Current State of the Evidence | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/renal-cancer/clinician
     December 01, 2019 - renal masses suspicious for renal cell carcinoma, including active surveillance, thermal ablation, and surgery … indicating that 37 percent of patients with a negative biopsy result had malignant disease found during surgery … Of those patients with a nondiagnostic biopsy result who underwent surgery, 90.4 percent had malignant … Perioperative outcomes 15 (3,356) Estimated blood loss, transfusion rate, rate of conversion to open surgery … Similar rates of conversion to open surgery and lengths of hospital stay.

453. Study Eligibility Criteria (ppt file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/study-eligibility-criteria.ppt
     January 01, 2000 - Treatments vary and include drugs, surgery, and behavioral interventions. … Example 1: A Maternal-Fetal Surgery Technical Brief Case series with N ≥ 2 were included. … Example in a Maternal-Fetal Surgery Technical Brief In a technical brief on the use of maternal-fetal … surgery, the purpose was to describe the state of the literature, rather than to present estimates of

454. Treatments for Acute Pain: A Systematic Review (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/ehc-protocol-acute-pain-treatments.pdf
     August 08, 2019 - Acute pain is ubiquitous following surgery.5 Pain is the most common reason for emergency department … ,26-30 and use of opioids may negatively affect recovery and function.31,32 Opioids prescribed for surgery … The incidence and severity of postoperative pain following inpatient surgery. … Opioid use and storage patterns by patients after hospital discharge following surgery. … Prescription opioid analgesics commonly unused after surgery: a systematic review.

455. Radiation Therapy for Bone Metastases | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/radiation-therapy-bone-metastases/protocol
     August 01, 2022 - These may include bone-modifying agents (e.g., bisphosphonates), bone-targeting radionuclides, 3 surgery … including minimally invasive surgery, or minimally invasive procedures such as ablation, kyphoplasty … the palliative management of bone metastasis with co-interventions , additional therapies (e.g., ., surgery … Spinal metastasis: The rise of minimally invasive surgery. … EBRT combined with another treatment modality (e.g., surgery, radionuclide therapy, bisphosphonate therapy

456. Disposition of Comments for Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 240: Treatments for Acute Pain: A Systematic Review (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/cer-240-acute-pain-revised-comments.pdf
     December 29, 2020 - You didn't use test subjects who were in the hospital or post-surgery. … Surgery is out of the question because at 62 I could lose my foot due to circulation. … , to months with extensive painful rehabilitation requirements, e.g. spine surgery. … Opiates are very safe and effective after surgery for low back pain. … , to months with extensive painful rehabilitation requirements, e.g. spine surgery.

457. Glaucoma-Treatment Executive (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/glaucoma-treatment_executive.pdf
     April 01, 2012 - Incisional surgery to lower the IOP comprises procedures that have been performed for decades, such … as trabeculectomy and aqueous drainage device surgery, as well as a host of newer procedures, such … Trabeculectomy: The most commonly performed incisional surgery for lowering intraocular pressure in … or report of cataract surgery) • Low intraocular pressure (hypotony) • Decreased visual acuity • … • Intraocular surgery rarely results in severe vision loss due to infection and/or bleeding.

458. Obesity (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/obesity-horizon-scan-high-impact-1406.pdf
     June 01, 2014 - Only one surgical treatment (gastric bypass surgery) has definitively demonstrated long-term efficacy … Surgery carries significant risks of morbidity and mortality, and drug therapy can have undesired side … ReShape Duo) for Treatment of Obesity  Key Facts: Gastric bypass and some other types of bariatric surgery … However, some patients who are super-morbidly obese are ineligible for surgery because of surgical … Bariatric surgery in patients with BMIs of 50 kg/m2 or more can present high surgical risk and technical

459. Comparative Effectiveness of Therapies for Women with Noncyclic Chronic Pelvic Pain (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/pelvic-pain_disposition-comments.pdf
     January 01, 2012 - An example might be damaging pelvic nerves during surgery as might arise from thermal energy used. … destroyed in place or removed), whether adhesions are cut or removed or when in the menstrual cycle surgery … The reason for not finding an etiology after surgery is because, as the authors point out later in their … If endometriosis is not found at surgery, the surgeon often assumes that the pain is not gynecologic … practice to empirically treating women with hormonal agents which has resulted in a shift away from surgery

460. Treatment Strategies for Women With Coronary Artery Disease: Future Research Needs (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/cad-women-treatment-future_research.pdf
     February 01, 2013 - Professor of Surgery and Associate Chief Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery Emory University School … of Medicine Chief of Cardiac Surgery Emory University Hospital-Midtown Atlanta, GA Kimberly … PCI versus coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) versus optimal medical therapy in women with … 3 Does patient preference or clinical specialty (primary care, cardiology, cardiothoracic surgery) … PCI versus coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) versus optimal medical therapy in women with