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  1. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/vitamin-d-calcium_research-protocol.pdf
    September 13, 2013 - Study size will not be considered an exclusion criterion. … Study selection will be conducted as described in the original 2009 report2 and in the AHRQ Methods … ROB will be assessed at the study level in duplicate for each published study. … Items to be assessed include eligibility criteria and sampling of the study population, blinding of … Overall study quality will be rated on a letter scale of A to C, as done in the original 2009 report
  2. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/delirium-research-protocol.pdf
    June 01, 2018 - A large, multi-site prospective study of U.S. … Each article will undergo double review by the study investigators for data abstraction. … For all articles, the reviewers will extract information on general study characteristics (e.g., study … design, study period, and followup), study participants (e.g., population, age, sex, presence of dementia … Antipsychotic medications and stroke in schizophrenia: A case-crossover study.
  3. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/gerd-disposition-120104.pdf
    April 01, 2011 - Systematic reviews do not allow careful assessment of the study population. … The stringency of the diagnosis was recorded for each study. … This study further validates a subgroup analysis of Kiljander's study published in the American Journal … maintenance study. … As such, it was not designed as a long-term study.
  4. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/renal-update_research-protocol.pdf
    January 15, 2015 - Data Extraction and Management Each study will be extracted by one experienced methodologist. … Any quality issues pertinent to specific outcomes within a study will be noted and applied to those … ; and angioplasty single group studies), then by Key Question and outcome, within each study design … Clinical study design, nonclinical testing, and regulatory considerations for appropriate use of this … Essai Multicentrique Medicaments vs Angioplastie (EMMA) Study Group. Hypertension.
  5. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/liver-cancer-therapy_executive.pdf
    May 01, 2013 - Each study design was evaluated according to its own strengths and weaknesses. … Arms Total study arms for intervention 2 1 1 1 1 6 Study Design RCT 1 0 0 0 0 1 Prospective cohort … One study reported cancer-free survival (from time of study treatment to local tumor progression), extrahepatic … This study assessed local recurrence in all randomized patients. … and 3.1–4 cm in another study.
  6. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/renal-cancer_research-protocol.pdf
    April 20, 2015 - For all articles, reviewers will extract information on general study characteristics (e.g., study design … , study period, and follow-up), eligibility criteria, study participants (e.g., age, gender, race/ethnicity … (Yes/No/Unclear) Did the study avoid inappropriate exclusions? … • Variability in study results is explained by differences in study design, patient population or … ) Single-study evidence bases should be considered as “consistency unknown (single study).”
  7. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/atrial-fibrillation-ablation_surveillance.pdf
    May 16, 2013 - Results 3.1 Update Literature Searches and Study Selection Cycle 2 (2nd assessment) A total of … Duration of AF: In conflict with CER findings, 1 study,9 showed a longer duration of AF (> 6 mo) to … There was only one observational study with data. … A  prospective   randomized  study.    Heart  Rhythm  2010   May;7(5):612-­‐8.   … There  was  only  one   observational  study  with  data.  
  8. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/ear-infection_disposition-comments.pdf
    May 04, 2013 - study and specific outcomes. … The study by Papova et al: 1. … The study was supported by NICHD and AHRQ. … We did find one study of adults examining autoinflation and one study of children with sleep apnea … Pain was not an outcome in any study.
  9. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/prostate-cancer-surveillance_disposition-comments.pdf
    December 01, 2011 - This study did not meet eligibility. It was not a comparative study. … Regarding the specific study suggestions: 1) The main analysis of this study is not a comparison of … We have included this study for KQ3 of the report. … KQ4 (single arm, non-comparative study). … The one available RCT (the SPCG-4 study) of RP vs.
  10. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/colorectal-surgery-preparation_research-protocol.pdf
    March 26, 2013 - from around 4 days to around 21 days and increase costs from roughly $11,000 to $43,000.8 A recent study … This is potentially important because this study represented the second or third largest available study … We argue that the retracted study should not be included at all in a meta-analysis. … Data from each eligible study will be extracted by a single reviewer. … Studies of different designs will be graded within the context of their study design.
  11. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/high-cholestorol-medicines-update_research-protocol.pdf
    December 31, 2013 - Each article will undergo double review by study investigators for data abstraction. … characteristics (e.g., study design, study period, and followup), study participants (e.g., age, sex … Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group. … Shepherd J, Cobbe SM, Ford I, et al; West of Scotland Coronary  Prevention Study  Group. … Ginsberg HN, Elam MB, Lovato LC, et al; ACCORD Study Group.
  12. Layout 1 (pdf file)

    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/rotator-cuff-tear_executive.pdf
    July 01, 2010 - Comparative studies were considered appropriate to combine in a meta-analysis if the study design, study … The mean age of study participants ranged from 41.2 to 80 years. … Males comprised an average of 64.6 percent of study participants. … Males comprised an average of 58.9 percent of study participants. … Males represented 55 percent of study participants.
  13. - (pdf file)

    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cystic-fibrosis-hgh_appendixes.pdf
    January 01, 2009 - (cohort adj (study or studies)).tw. 6. cohort analy$.tw. 7. … (follow up adj (study or studies)).tw. 8. … (cohort adj (study or studies)).tw. 6. cohort analy$.tw. 7. … (follow up adj (study or studies)).tw. 8. … than a similar study with a small sample size.
  14. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/product/pdf/ems-911-workforce-protocol.pdf
    January 01, 2015 - suggested that half of ambulances tested positive for methicillin resistant S. aureus.2 A second study … showed that 57% of reusable ambulance equipment tested positive for blood.3 Another study reported … the study design according to the accepted hierarchy of study designs. … For this technical brief, we do not plan to perform a detailed assessment of study quality, although … we will discuss with the Key Informants whether to focus on a few specific aspects of study quality
  15. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/arthritis-psoriatric_executive.pdf
    April 01, 2012 - Study eligibility (inclusion and exclusion) criteria were designed with respect to study design or duration … If both reviewers agreed that a study did not meet eligibility criteria, we excluded it. … Trained reviewers abstracted data from each study. … Compared with placebo in one fair study, MTX resulted in greater improvement in physician assessment … Compared with placebo in one good systematic review study, sulfasalazine reduced disease activity.
  16. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/musculoskeletal-disorders-imaging_research-protocol.pdf
    August 05, 2010 - design, condition being studied, study size and setting, and patient selection criteria. … Moreover, we will record the outcomes being assessed in each study, including testing related harms, … study size. … setting) and study design information. … or longitudinal; single center or multicenter) and study sample size.
  17. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/skin-lesions-evaluation_disposition-comments.pdf
    September 01, 2011 - Peer Reviewer 2 Methods Inclusions of type of study may be too inclusive with case reports and none … This study is now cited in the report. … This prospective, multicenter, blinded study, published in the Archives of Dermatology, found that " … Gene locus study was not included in this brief. … Table 5 has been updated to reflect the additional study on test accuracy.
  18. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/coronary-artery-stenting-future_research.pdf
    January 01, 2014 - Proposed Study Designs We propose both a prospective randomized controlled study and an observational … study design. … Randomized Controlled Trials Value of Study Design RCTs provide the most rigorous study design for … study design. … Randomized Controlled Trials Value of Study Design RCTs provide the most rigorous study design for
  19. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-finding-evidence_methods.pdf
    January 01, 2011 - clinical article/ controlled study/ major clinical study/ prospective study/ cohort.mp. … studies/ 13 Or/1-12 1 Clinical study/ 2 Case control study 3 Family study/ 4 Longitudinal study … / 5 Retrospective study/ 6 Prospective study/ 7 Randomized controlled trials/ 8 6 not 7 9 Cohort … analysis/ 10 (Cohort adj (study or studies)).mp. 11 (Case control adj (study or studies)).tw. … $ adj (study or studies)).tw. 15 (cross sectional adj (study or studies)).tw. 16 Or/1-5,8-15
  20. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/migraine-emergency_research-protocol.pdf
    July 18, 2011 - Inclusion criteria Study design Efficacy and effectiveness: RCTs and NRCTs. … , study design characteristics and methodological quality criteria (see below), study population (including … study inclusion and exclusion criteria, study withdrawals, length of study, duration of patient followup … A population-based study. Headache 2009;49(1):21-30. PMID: 19040677. … Bayesian approaches to random-effects meta-analysis: a comparative study.

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