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Total Results: 905 records

Showing results for "studies".

621. Ocular Prophylaxis for Gonococcal Ophthalmia Neonatorum: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/5W2k4HLBPLPgHov6sSvuMH
     July 24, 2018 - Discussion | This systematic review yielded no relevant new studies since the previous USPSTF recommendation … .3 The foundational evidence for prior USPSTF recommenda- tions largely consisted of observational studies … Comparative effective- ness studies, including one conducted in the United States, have found no statistically … identified for clinical effectiveness Few new studies identified evaluating comparative effectiveness … the occurrence of chemical conjunctivitis, particularly with the use of silver nitrate No new harms studies

622. Archived: Final Evidence Summary: Healthy Diet and Physical Activity: Counseling for CVD Prevention in Adults | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary27/healthy-diet-and-physical-activity-counseling-for-cvd-prevention-in-adults-2012
     December 15, 2010 - Good-quality studies met all of the specified quality criteria, whereas fair-quality studies did not … †We included 8 studies in more than 1 area. … Evidence for change in physical activity PA only: 30 studies, 15,265 participants CL: 15 studies … Evidence for change in dietary intake HD only: 25 studies, 71,267 participants CL: 16 studies … , 483 participants Observational studies: 7 studies, 4354 cases RCT (case-crossover)

623. Screening for High Blood Pressure: USPSTF Reaffirmation Recommnedation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/tDXRYadTAu6MrMmxU6kqK7
     December 01, 2007 - For persons who consume large amounts of alcohol (�20 drinks per week), studies have shown that reduced … These studies assess the effects of the preventive service on health outcomes. … This conclusion is therefore unlikely to be strongly affected by the results of future studies. … inconsistency of findings across individual studies limited generalizability of findings to routine … or methods inconsistency of findings across individual studies gaps in the chain of evidence findings

624. Archived: Breastfeeding: Primary Care Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/breastfeeding-primary-care-interventions-october-2016
     October 25, 2016 - Studies would be more useful if they are designed to allow assessment of the relative contributions of … Studies in populations with low breastfeeding rates are especially needed, and more research is needed … None of the studies reported maternal health outcomes. 5 , 9-14 However, the USPSTF found evidence … ) and at 3 to 6 months (RR, 1.11 [95% CI, 1.04 to 1.18]; 23 studies) and for exclusive breastfeeding … CI, 1.05 to 1.38]; 18 studies).

625. Archived: Breast Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/breast-cancer-screening-january-2016
     January 11, 2016 - When to Start Screening Clinical trials, observational studies, and modeling studies all demonstrate … Many other risk factors have been associated with breast cancer in epidemiologic studies, but most of … Primary Screening With DBT No studies evaluated the effect of screening for breast cancer with DBT … , ecologic and cohort studies, and decision modeling. … , randomized trials, and modeling studies, with the clear caveat that ongoing uncertainty remains.

626. Bleeding Risks With Aspirin Use for Primary Prevention in Adults: A Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/j69Hq5ALvzg74e-ngkzSep
     April 01, 2016 - Study Selection: Randomized, controlled trials; cohort studies; and meta-analyses comparing aspirin with … Data Synthesis: In CVD primary prevention studies, very-low- dose aspirin use (≤100 mg daily or every … We supplemented this with newly identified studies found on PubMed, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Central … We required studies to report major GI or intra- cranial bleeding. … The same investigators assessed the quality of included studies using study design–specific criteria

627. Archived: Evidence Summary: Breast Cancer: Medications for Risk Reduction | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/breast-cancer-medications-for-risk-reduction-2002
     May 06, 2002 - A meta-analysis of 55 studies of adjuvant tamoxifen therapy demonstrated that it reduced the risk of … We also examined studies of the cost-effectiveness of these agents. … We searched the MEDLINE® database for studies of the appropriate study design in humans. … Only four studies met all inclusion criteria from phase 2 ( Table A-4 ). … We abstracted these four studies into an evidence table, evaluating their quality in detail.

628. Uhtgkzvs Bpnj4 G4Fxuay (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/uhtgkZVs_bpNJ4_G4fXUay
     March 01, 2014 - The USPSTF also commissioned modeling studies to provide information about the optimum age at which to … The modeling studies complement the evidence from the systematic review. … Sputum cytologic evaluation is now rarely used for lung cancer screening, and no studies reported on … These studies assess the effects of the preventive service on health outcomes. … This conclusion is therefore unlikely to be strongly affected by the results of future studies.

629. Archived: Intimate Partner Violence and Elderly Abuse: Screening, 2004 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/intimate-partner-violence-and-elderly-abuse-screening-2004
     March 08, 2004 - The USPSTF found no existing studies that determine the accuracy of screening tools for identifying family … The USPSTF found limited evidence as to whether interventions reduce harm to women, and no studies that … No studies have directly addressed the harms of screening and interventions for family and intimate partner … were short-term measures of child abuse and related factors.4 There were 2 studies of interventions … to decrease intimate partner violence in women; both studies, which only recruited pregnant women, showed

630. Screening For Illicit Drug Use: Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/Qh7NQD6ZEynjyRso7L5-gS
     January 15, 2008 - In addition, observational studies are needed to establish more clearly the effect of treatment on … These studies assess the effects of the preventive service on health outcomes. … This conclusion is therefore unlikely to be strongly affected by the results of future studies. … ; - inconsistency of findings across individual studies; - limited generalizability of findings to … Evidence is insufficient because of: - the limited number or size of studies; - important flaws in

631. Archived: Evidence Summary: Statins for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults: Statin Use for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary-statins/statin-use-in-adults-preventive-medication-november-2016
     November 13, 2016 - ; consistency of results between studies; and directness of evidence. … Results were also similar in sensitivity analyses restricted to good-quality studies, 14 , 22 , 26 , … After excluding these studies, 21 studies in 55 publications were included that provide evidence for … f Studies may be included for more than 1 key question. … than 75% of studies reported estimates in the same direction.

632. Archived: Abnormal Blood Glucose and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/screening-for-abnormal-blood-glucose-and-type-2-diabetes-october-2015
     October 26, 2015 - Studies suggest that rescreening every 3 y may be a reasonable approach. … Studies that specifically treat persons who have IFG or IGT with intensive lifestyle interventions to … Threshold for Behavioral Interventions Many studies assessed intensive behavioral interventions for … Screening studies that follow larger numbers of participants for 20 years or longer and measure both … probably higher than that identified in European studies [3%]) are needed.

633. Archived: Obesity in Children and Adolescents: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/obesity-in-children-and-adolescents-screening-june-2017
     June 20, 2017 - Studies on pharmacotherapy interventions (ie, metformin and orlistat) showed small amounts of weight … These studies showed that a BMI z score reduction of 0.15 to 0.25 is associated with improvements in … Reproducing existing effective interventions and conducting full trials of small feasibility studies … had 52 contact hours or more, 9 studies had 26 to 51 contact hours, 11 studies had 6 to 25 contact hours … , and 15 studies had 15 contact hours or less. 3 Sessions took place over 2.25 to 24 months.

634. Screening for Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women - Recommendations and Rationale (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/nnkwqkX-Nk6v3gsphVATUD
     September 01, 2002 - • Estimates of the benefits of detecting and treating osteoporosis are based largely on studies of … • No studies have evaluated the optimal intervals for repeated screening. … Based on the WHO criteria and DXA measurements at the femoral neck, population-based studies estimate … Recent prospective studies have evaluated QUS measurements at the heel.14, 15 While QUS measurements … Observational studies report a 25% to 30% reduction in the risk for hip fracture with estrogen use.

635. Screening for Chlamydial Infection: Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/mkAgTNR-2jobBcN-2Ysxfb
     July 01, 2007 - Pregnant Women at Increased Risk There are no studies evaluating the effectiveness of screening for … These studies assess the effects of the preventive service on health outcomes. … This conclusion is therefore unlikely to be strongly affected by the results of future studies. … inconsistency of findings across individual studies limited generalizability of findings to routine … studies did not include large screening populations with low prevalence rates.

636. Pzrh6M8Vucdvmsabwkaqa2 (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/Pzrh6m8vUcdvmsaBwKaQA2
     February 01, 2014 - Some studies suggest in- creased breast cancer risk in some women with true- negative results (21–24) … Additional studies are Table 3. … counseling, whereas other studies found no significant differences in anxiety scores (48, 50). … These studies assess the effects of the preventive service on health outcomes. … This conclusion is therefore unlikely to be strongly affected by the results of future studies.

637. Archived: Final Recommendation Statement: Dental Caries in Preschool Children: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/RecommendationStatementFinal/dental-caries-in-preschool-children-screening-2004
     April 15, 2004 - caries lesions in primary teeth or tooth surfaces. 3 The smallest proportional reductions occurred in studies … schedules; the remaining cases were attributed to early use of fluoride toothpaste. 11 Although the studies … or other evidence of demineralization, such as discolored pits and fissures of teeth. 3 Only 2 case studies … No studies have been published on the risk for dental fluorosis resulting from the use of fluoride varnish … No relevant studies have assessed the accuracy of screening by primary care clinicians to identify children

638. Archived: Dental Caries in Preschool Children: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/dental-caries-in-preschool-children-screening-2004
     April 15, 2004 - caries lesions in primary teeth or tooth surfaces. 3 The smallest proportional reductions occurred in studies … schedules; the remaining cases were attributed to early use of fluoride toothpaste. 11 Although the studies … or other evidence of demineralization, such as discolored pits and fissures of teeth. 3 Only 2 case studies … No studies have been published on the risk for dental fluorosis resulting from the use of fluoride varnish … No relevant studies have assessed the accuracy of screening by primary care clinicians to identify children

639. Archived: Skin Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/skin-cancer-screening-2009
     February 15, 2009 - Benefits of Detection and Early Treatment The evidence is insufficient (lack of studies) to determine … Harms of Detection and Early Treatment The evidence is insufficient (lack of studies) to determine … The systematic review included 11 studies with primary care physicians and found a sensitivity of 42% … Effectiveness of Early Detection No randomized studies have directly examined whether screening by … Evidence from studies of the consequences of delay in diagnosis is inconsistent.

640. Behavioral and Pharmacotherapy Weight Loss Interventions to Prevent Obesity-Related Morbidity and Mortality in Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/boPWHmzrtxnkkPQAoCNENS
     September 18, 2018 - Studies from previous reviews were reevaluated for inclusion. … to identify any potential studies for inclusion. … For studies of pharmacologic interventions, only placebo-controlled studies in which participants all … ) included for KQ1 218 Articles (111 studies) included for KQ2 116 Articles (65 studies) included for … Eighth, almost all studies relied on BMI to identify their popu- lations.