Results

Total Results: 1,230 records

Showing results for "studies".

441. Screening for Suicide Risk in Adults: A Summary of the Evidence (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/cJSpoZqW2M7czx_-GeTdtE
     May 01, 2004 - In this paper, we present our findings for studies involving adults. … We required that screening studies be performed within a primary care setting, but treatment studies … We report findings first from RCTs and then from cohort studies. … Cohort Studies Two cohort studies, each using depression as part of how they selected participants, … studies; cohort studies; and nonsystematic reviews systematic reviews; and meta-analyses Study population

442. Archived: Final Evidence Summary: Low-Dose Aspirin Use for the Prevention of Morbidity and Mortality From Preeclampsia: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary51/low-dose-aspirin-use-for-the-prevention-of-morbidity-and-mortality-from-preeclampsia-preventive-medication-september-2014
     April 08, 2014 - English-language studies of fair or good quality were included. … Future studies could shift findings toward the null. … 29 and studies not published in English. … or when smaller studies with few events are pooled 38 . … Seven studies reported no loss to follow-up.

443. Overdiagnosis in Prostate Cancer Screening Decision Models: A Contextual Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/KT7vaWK_JSDNNvEmUAjN8d
     May 01, 2018 - Modeling studies suggest that raising the PSA threshold, lengthening the interval of screening, and … Historical Overview of Modeling Studies to Evaluate Screening Programs and Overdiagnosis Modeling … studies have been used to evaluate cancer screening programs for many decades. … Estimates of overdiagnosis have been reported based on pathologic (autopsy) studies (which we do not … Studies of overdiagnosis based on randomized trials and population studies use the excess incidence

444. Genetic Risk Assessment and BRCA Mutation Testing for Breast and Ovarian Cancer Susceptibility: Systematic Evidence Review (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/3HxQuXnyqHpUKNqjB7hWBw
     September 01, 2005 - Intensive cancer screening studies are inconclusive. … Only studies rated good or fair in quality were included, although studies with designs that do not have … No studies directly address these issues. … All studies included genetic counseling. … Intensive cancer screening studies are descriptive and inconclusive, and re- cent studies suggest improved

445. Vision Screening in Children Aged 6Months to 5 Years: Evidence Report and Systematic Review (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/Jwn6dWRHvK3C9oJCV6hLKc
     September 05, 2017 - cohort studies or case-control studies assessing harms. … ) included for KQ1a 38 Articles (34 studies) included for KQ2a 18 Articles (17 studies) included … for KQ3a 3 Articles (3 studies) included for KQ4a 4 Articles (3 studies) included for KQ5a 366 … Positive LRs were in the moderate range (>5-10) for most studies, and most studies that evaluated combinations … However, unlike studies of photoscreeners, most studies of clinical test accuracy did not enroll children

446. Screening for Syphilis Infection in Pregnant Women: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/9Tse2TwVFQgYb-aNCq4Ngv
     September 04, 2018 - RESULTS Seven studies in 8 publications were included. … No studies were identified for harms of penicillin in pregnancy. … Studies of screening tests not currently used in US primary care settings and studies in women living … Studies were rated as poor quality if they had major risk of bias. … No studies were ex- cluded for poor quality.

447. Update on the Methods of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force: Estimating Certainty and Magnitude of Net Benefit (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/sites/default/files/inline-files/benefit.pdf
     December 01, 2007 - Individual studies will continue to be judged as being of “good,” “fair,” or “poor” quality. … Do the studies have the appropriate research design to answer the key question(s)? 2. … How many studies have been conducted that address the key question(s)? How large are the studies? … How consistent are the results of the studies? 6. … These studies assess the effects of the preventive service on health outcomes.

448. Screening for Dementia - Recommendations and Rationale (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/T-DyWdyD67ktDMJGDp3jpm
     June 01, 2003 - The best evidence is available for a cognitive test—the Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE)—from studies … Most important, few methodologically sound studies regarding the accuracy of these questionnaires in … Most of these studies found a statistically significant difference favoring cholinesterase inhibitors … In general, the studies have shown little or no effect of cholinesterase inhibitors on functional decline … Subjects in these studies had clinically diagnosed disease and needed caregivers.

449. Preventing Dental Caries in Children <5 Years: Systematic Review Updating USPSTF Recommendation (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/BM-D2tSCN9U8uuBFAufXaa
     August 01, 2013 - Studies of nonhuman subjects were also excluded, and studies had to re- port original data. … No evidence No studies No studies No studies No studies No randomized trial or observational study compared … No evidence No studies No studies No studies No studies No study evaluated the accuracy of general assessment … No evidence No studies No studies No studies No studies No randomized trial or observational study compared … No studies Limitations in previously reviewed studies include use of nonrandomized design, not controlling

450. Final Research Plan: Healthy Diet and Physical Activity for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Adults With Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Behavioral Counseling Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/healthy-diet-and-physical-activity-counseling-adults-with-high-risk-of-cvd
     September 13, 2018 - Evidence-based Practice Center will use to search for publications and to determine whether identified studies … Pooled Cohort Equations or Framingham Risk Score), metabolic syndrome, or mixed risk factors (i.e., studies … Knowledge, attitudes, or self-efficacy Mental health symptom scores Balance or flexibility Studies … ≥6 months postbaseline <6 months postbaseline Study designs Fair- to good-quality studies … Poor-quality studies KQs 1, 2: Any observational studies KQ 3: Ecological studies, case-series

451. Vision Screening for Children 1 to 5 Years of Age: USPSTF Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/AkQC-rTVEsusNWG_TmWWtd
     February 01, 2011 - These studies assess the effects of the preventive service on health outcomes. … This conclusion is unlikely to be strongly affected by the results of future studies. … Evidence is insufficient because of (1) limited number or size of studies; (2) important flaws in the … Cyclo- plegic refraction testing was included in the reference standard examination in 21 studies. … All studies evaluated re- ported on vision outcomes for chil- dren�3 years of age.

452. Archived: Final Research Plan: Screening for Depression in Adults | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan44/depression-in-adults-screening
     July 03, 2014 - targeting depression screening and treatment Diagnostic accuracy of screening (KQ 2): Studies … addressing accuracy of depression screening instruments Harms of antidepressants (KQ 5): Studies … addressing harms of antidepressants Studies restricted to screening or treatment of suicidality … published after identified systematic reviews that include observational studies “Large” is … The USPSTF also expanded the inclusion criteria for studies to include several outcomes (e.g., emergency

453. Archived: Prostate Cancer: Screening, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/prostate-cancer-screening-1996
     January 01, 1996 - Recent studies, in which larger numbers of samples are obtained from multiple sections of the gland, … men, 9 , 10 but values as low as 18-22% have also been reported in studies using different screening … Studies suggest that such volunteers have different characteristics than the general population. 23 … Other studies suggest that the rate of change (PSA velocity), rather than the actual PSA level, is a … Natural history studies indicate that most prostate cancers grow slowly over a period of many years.

454. Overdiagnosis in Prostate Cancer Screening Decision Models: A Contextual Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Home/GetFile/1/16812/prostate-models-overdiagnosis/pdf
     May 01, 2018 - Modeling studies suggest that raising the PSA threshold, lengthening the interval of screening, and … Historical Overview of Modeling Studies to Evaluate Screening Programs and Overdiagnosis Modeling … studies have been used to evaluate cancer screening programs for many decades. … Estimates of overdiagnosis have been reported based on pathologic (autopsy) studies (which we do not … Studies of overdiagnosis based on randomized trials and population studies use the excess incidence

455. Archived: Update on the Methods of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force: Estimating Certainty and Magnitude of Net Benefit: Carotid Artery Stenosis: Screening, December 2007 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/update-on-the-methods-of-the-us-preventive-services-task-force-estimating-certainty-and-magnitude-of-net-bene%EF%AC%81t/carotid-artery-stenosis-screening-december-2007
     December 15, 2007 - Individual studies will continue to be judged as being of "good," "fair," or "poor" quality. … Frequently, studies are conducted in highly selected populations under special conditions. … How many studies have been conducted that address the key question(s)? How large are the studies? … How consistent are the results of the studies? … These studies assess the effects of the preventive service on health outcomes.

456. Archived: Preeclampsia: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/preeclampsia-screening-april-2017
     April 25, 2017 - Twelve studies assessed the protein to creatinine ratio urine test, 2 studies assessed the albumin to … creatinine ratio urine test, and 4 studies assessed the urine protein dipstick test. … ), with most studies reporting sensitivity greater than 0.81; specificity ranged from 0.49 to 1.00 ( … I 2 = 91.8%; 11 studies). … specificity (0.94 and 0.68). 4  The automated urine protein dipstick test (4 studies) had sensitivity

457. Archived: Evidence Summary: Skin Cancer: Counseling, 2003 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/skin-cancer-counseling-2003
     October 06, 2003 - Several dozen cross-sectional studies 22 , 25-34 and a few longitudinal studies 35 , 36 have examined … , (3) studies of the relation between sun exposure and sun avoidance to skin cancer, (4) studies of the … efficacy of sunscreen, and (4) studies of skin cancer self-examination. … This combination of terms was then limited to human studies published in English. … Melanoma and sun exposure: an overview of published studies.

458. Archived: Evidence Summary: Screening for Women and Elderly Adults: Intimate Partner Violence and Elderly Abuse: Screening, 2004 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary-screening-for-women-and-elderly-adults/intimate-partner-violence-and-elderly-abuse-screening-2004
     March 08, 2004 - in health care settings (2 studies for women, none for elderly). … Few intervention studies have been conducted. … We excluded studies about patients presenting with trauma. … Two studies described screening elderly adults. … We found no studies of interventions in the elderly.

459. Archived: Low-Dose Aspirin Use for the Prevention of Morbidity and Mortality From Preeclampsia: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/low-dose-aspirin-use-for-the-prevention-of-morbidity-and-mortality-from-preeclampsia-preventive-medication-september-2014
     September 09, 2014 - In a meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies of women at low/ … In addition, studies that explore less well-established risk factors that may better identify women at … Preeclampsia incidence in women at increased risk ranged from 8% to 30% across studies. … Heterogeneity was moderate across studies ( I 2 = 40.5%). … The reduction in risk for preterm birth was greater in studies using doses greater than 75 mg/d.

460. Behavioral Counseling to Prevent Skin Cancer: USPSTF Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/5UgQm-zskVEKmcVnczHxGY
     July 01, 2012 - These studies assess the effects of the preventive service on health outcomes. … Three additional studies in young adults (7–9) used appearance-based interventions. … In these studies, the interven- tion reduced indoor tanning behavior by up to 35%. … , whereas 3 of 4 studies with positive results did adjust for skin phenotype. … In addition, 2 case–control studies showed a harmful effect from sunscreen use.