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Total Results: 1,230 records

Showing results for "studies".

221. Archived: Evidence Summary: Aspirin: Aspirin/NSAIDs for Prevention of Colorectal Cancer: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary-aspirin/aspirin-nsaids-for-prevention-of-colorectal-cancer-preventive-medication-2007
     March 15, 2007 - Studies with a "good" rating met all criteria, "fair" studies met at least 80% of criteria and had no … focus of 7 case-control studies, 19 , 33-38  4 cohort studies, 26 , 30 , 39-41  and 3 RCTs[[31.42.43 … Cohort Studies Two good-quality cohort studies in average-risk Americans revealed that regular aspirin … Case-Control Studies In a combined analysis of 5 predominantly fair-quality studies lasting 3 to 10 … Cohort studies (ASA: 4 CRA, 7 CRC): 11. Case-control studies (ASA: 7 CRA, 7 CRC): 14.

222. Screening for Skin Cancer: Evidence Summary (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/nfQJhay7BJKbhy35DV37xK
     January 01, 2001 - For the Koh studies, only melanomas are included. … There are no case–control studies of screening for skin cancer. … Retrospective studies of the consequences of delay in diagno- sis. … III Poor: Most postulated adverse effects have not been evaluated in studies. 3. … melanomas, but epidemiologic studies, studies of skin health behaviors, and studies of factors associated

223. Screening for Gonorrhea: Update of the Evidence (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/Wezro6zTSfAWxCrneF-nxB
     May 01, 2005 - No studies 2A. … No studies 3A. … No studies 1B. … No studies 2A. … No studies 3.

224. Procedure Manual Section 6. Methods for Arriving at a Recommendation | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/about-uspstf/methods-and-processes/procedure-manual/procedure-manual-section-6-methods-arriving-recommendation
     July 06, 2017 - Do the studies have the appropriate research design to answer the key question(s)? 2. … How consistent are the results of the studies? 6. … ; inconsistency or incoherence of results across studies; or other aspects of the studies that cloud … These studies assess the effects of the preventive service on the desired health outcomes. … Such studies are not always available.

225. Archived: Screening for HIV in Adolescents and Adults: Evidence Summary: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/screening-for-hiv-in-adolescents-and-adults-evidence-summary/human-immunodeficiency-virus-hiv-infection-screening-2013
     November 20, 2012 - Observational studies were included. … No evidence No studies - No studies No studies No studies No study directly compared clinical … No evidence No studies - No studies No studies No studies No study evaluated the yield of … No studies 1 systematic review (1 RCT and 7 observational studies) Good Only 1 RCT Consistent … Focus on studies conducted in the United States and other developed countries, unless studies are not

226. Archived: Final Research Plan: High Blood Pressure in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan6/high-blood-pressure-in-adults-screening-monitoring-october-2015
     September 15, 2013 - that are designed to assess devices versus blood pressure measurement standards KQ 3a:  Studies … , RCTs, CCTs, cohort studies KQ 3:  Diagnostic accuracy studies, RCTs, CCTs, cohort studies, case-control … studies KQ 4a:  Longitudinal cohort studies KQ 5:  RCTs, CCTs, cohort studies Before-after … studies, time series, case series, case reports; studies enrolling treated hypertension patients with … less than a 2-week washout period Country Studies in countries rated as “very high” on

227. Archived: Evidence Summary: Screening for Dyslipidemia in Younger Adults: Statin Use for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary-dyslipidemia/statin-use-in-adults-preventive-medication-november-2016
     November 13, 2016 - Study Selection: Randomized, controlled trials; cohort studies; and case-control studies on screening … Eligible studies were randomized trials, cohort studies, and case-control studies of lipid screening … No studies, however, met the inclusion criteria. … ; consistency of results among studies; and directness of evidence. 16 No studies, however, met the … Poor studies have at least 1 fatal flaw.

228. Archived: Final Research Plan: Latent Tuberculosis Infection: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan105/latent-tuberculosis-infection-screening-september-2016
     September 25, 2014 - on close contacts of persons with active TB Setting Studies conducted in primary … , and cohort studies published after the time period covered by included systematic reviews KQ 3: … RCTs KQ 4: Systematic reviews; RCTs and prospective cohort studies published after the time period … covered by included systematic reviews KQ 5: RCTs, prospective cohort studies, and case-control … studies KQs 1, 3, 5: All other designs KQs 2, 4: Primary studies of any design published

229. Archived: Final Evidence Summary: Syphilis Infection in Pregnancy: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary94/syphilis-infection-in-pregnancy-screening-2009
     May 15, 2009 - Randomized, controlled trials; meta-analyses; systematic reviews; cohort studies; and ecologic studies … Randomized, controlled trials; meta-analyses; systematic reviews; cohort studies; case-control studies … We excluded studies in high-risk or special populations and studies in populations not generalizable … We specifically excluded studies in populations with high HIV rates, because these studies are thought … After we excluded studies on the basis of predetermined criteria ( Figure ), 5 studies remained ( Table

230. Vision Screening in Children Aged 6Months to 5 Years: Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/wyAJqjxBX_dHMF3WdA7WNt
     September 05, 2017 - (16 studies), photoscreeners (11 studies), and retinal birefringence scanning (1 study).1 Fourteen … studies recruited participants from ophthalmology clinics and 17 studies recruited from Head Start, … , ophthalmologists, nurses, and Head Start staff.1 More than half of the studies (19 studies) were … (3 studies). … Generally, most studies reported moder­ ate positive LRs and small negative LRs.1 Many of the studies

231. Screening for Speech and Language Delay in Preschool Children: Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/ecWjjTgXCffjwPyqgNCEpR
     February 01, 2006 - Furthermore, no studies have assessed any additional benefits that may be gained by treating children … No studies have addressed the potential harms of screening or interventions for speech and language … The results of studies of other risk factors are inconsistent, so the USPSTF was unable to develop a … For preschool children 2 to 4.5 years of age, studies that evaluated combined speech and language … However, studies of risk factors have inconsistent results.

232. ahrq37a_LungCancer_Sum.qxd (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/VN82XmdDhcK74WtHxWBTqm
     May 01, 2004 - For completeness, all studies are described in the tables; however, only studies rated of fair or better … In addition, 6 case-control studies,41–46 1 non-RCT47 and 4 older cohort studies (Appendix Table 3)48 … Case-Control Studies Five fair-quality case-control studies were conducted in Japan between 1992 and … Exp epidemiologic studies or epidemiologic studies.mp case-control studies cohort studies longitudinal … studies follow-up studies prospective studies cross-sectional studies seroepidemiologic studies

233. Recommendation: Vitamin D, Calcium, or Combined Supplementation for the Primary Prevention of Fractures in Community-Dwelling Adults: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/vitamin-d-calcium-or-combined-supplementation-for-the-primary-prevention-of-fractures-in-adults-preventive-medication
     April 17, 2018 - In the 5 studies reporting race/ethnicity, 83% to 100% of participants were white; the remaining 3 studies … Four studies reported on the effect of vitamin D supplementation on fracture prevention. 1 Two studies … ), 3 studies reported on the harms of calcium supplementation alone (n=1292), and 3 studies (including … One study was conducted in men only, and 3 other studies included men (total of 5991 men across studies … Four of the studies were conducted in the United States; the other 5 studies were conducted in Finland

234. Screening for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults: Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/Rm4E5SooP2GnqJ_HVRA5M4
     January 01, 2017 - Studies of people referred to sleep laboratories because of con- cern for OSA were excluded, and studies … No eligible studies were identified. … included for KQ1 3 Studies (3 articles) included for KQ2 21 Studies (22 articles) included for KQ3 … 76 Studies (88 articles) included for KQ4 50 Studies (58 articles) included for KQ5 11 Studies (12 … 22 years.145 Three studies included only men; half of the studies included between 45% and 56% women.

235. Archived: Evidence Summary: NSAIDs: Aspirin/NSAIDs for Prevention of Colorectal Cancer: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary-nsaids/aspirin-nsaids-for-prevention-of-colorectal-cancer-preventive-medication-2007
     March 15, 2007 - The chemoprophylaxis of CRC was addressed in 10 case-control studies 22-31 and 3 cohort studies. 32- … For example, some studies defined specific dose levels, whereas in other studies, researchers reported … The quality of the included studies was good for 3 of the 4 RCTs, good to fair for the 5 cohort studies … Cohort Studies Three cohort studies assessed the effect of non-ASA NSAIDs on CRC incidence. 32-34 … Dose and Duration of Use In cohort studies 33 , 34 and case-control studies 22 , 30 , 31

236. Final Research Plan: Vitamin D, Calcium, or Combined Supplementation for the Primary Prevention of Fractures in Community-Dwelling Adults: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/vitamin-d-calcium-or-combined-supplementation-for-the-primary-prevention-of-fractures-in-adults-preventive-medication
     June 23, 2016 - study population has any of the excluded conditions Children or adolescents age <18 years Studies … D deficiency or bone measurement testing, with selection based on vitamin D or bone density level Studies … to assemble a population with a specific condition or a group of closely related conditions; such as studies … evaluation of the independent contribution of vitamin D or calcium, either alone or combined (e.g., studies … Poor-quality studies * Only the most recent systematic review update will be included if

237. Screening for Impaired Visual Acuity in Older Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/DCfAJZvNDzSYu7NqLJX2bv
     March 01, 2016 - Studies of screening and diagnostic accuracy were limited to asymptomatic adults 65 years or older; studies … For studies on screening and diagnostic accuracy, we in- cluded studies of asymptomatic adults 65 years … in 3 articles) 45 Studies and reviews included a 11 From current search 34 From prior review 29 Studies … All studies were cross-sectional. 3 (n = 751) Two new studies found that a computerized vision screening … 3.4% in 6 studies of LASIK and 4 studies of LASEK.

238. Recommendation: Vision in Children Ages 6 Months to 5 Years: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/vision-in-children-ages-6-months-to-5-years-screening
     September 05, 2017 - the accuracy of various screening tests: visual acuity tests (6 studies), stereoacuity tests (4 studies … , ophthalmologists, nurses, and Head Start staff. 1 More than half of the studies (19 studies) were … The remaining studies took place in Canada (5 studies), Europe (7 studies), and New Zealand or Australia … (3 studies). … Generally, most studies reported moderate positive LRs and small negative LRs. 1 Many of the studies

239. Vitamin D, Calcium, or Combined Supplementation for the Primary Prevention of Fractures in Community-Dwelling Adults: USPSTF Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/6fMLEz4CfAVoj9YBYVbm73
     April 17, 2018 - more studies evaluating the potential harms of supplementation are needed, particularly studies on calcium … In the 5 studies reporting race/ethnicity, 83% to 100% of participants were white; the remaining 3 studies … Four studies reported on the effect of vitamin D supplementa- tion on fracture prevention.1 Two studies … One study was conducted in men only, and 3 other studies included men (total of 5991 men across studies … Four of the studies were conducted in the United States; the other 5 studies were conducted in Finland

240. Final Research Plan: Autism Spectrum Disorder in Young Children: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan4/autism-spectrum-disorder-in-young-children-screening
     June 20, 2013 - KQs 4, 5:  Young children ages 0 to 12 years undergoing interventions for ASD KQs 1–3:  Studies … on infants, older children, or adults or assessing general developmental screening KQs 4, 5:  Studies … of treatments for adolescents or adults; studies not including at least one child age 4 years or younger … ASD KQs 4, 5:  Interventions for ASD targeted to children ages 0 to 12 years KQs 1–3:  Studies … consequences) KQ 1, 4:  Short-term outcomes, such as changes in joint attention KQ 2:  Studies