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Showing results for "studies".

21. Treatments for Ankyloglossia and Ankyloglossia with Concomitant Lip-tie | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/ankyloglossia/research
    May 04, 2015 - Review methods We included studies of interventions for ankyloglossia published in English. … rated the quality of included studies. … Most studies assessed the effects of frenotomy (a procedure in which the lingual frenulum is divided) … Future studies could provide additional data to confirm or change the measure of effectiveness; thus, … Few studies addressed tongue mobility and self-esteem issues.

22. Use of Observational Studies in Systematic Reviews of (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-observational-studies_methods.pdf
    June 01, 2010 - Observational studies include cohort studies with or without a comparison group, cross-sectional studies … This is particularly important in case-control studies, where subjects are entered into studies based … If these studies address all important aspects of the review questions, then observational studies may … Includes sample size, number of studies, and heterogeneity within or across studies. … Selecting Observational Studies for Comparing Medical Interventions Selecting Observational Studies

23. Observational Studies: Empirical Evidence of Their Contributions to Comparative Effectiveness Reviews (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/observational-studies_white-paper.pdf
    December 01, 2013 - range: 2, 31) studies. … studies versus trials; the quality of the observational studies compared with the trials; whether the … searched for observational studies. … Two CERs intended to include observational studies, but found no studies to meet their eligibility criteria … studies were pooled with trial data.17,19 One CER plotted the results of observational studies on a

24. Assessing the Risk of Bias of Individual Studies in Systematic Reviews of Health Care Interventions | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/methods-guidance-bias-individual-studies/methods/

25. Efficacy and Safety of Screening for Postpartum Depression | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/depression-postpartum-screening/research
    April 09, 2013 - Results Forty studies (represented by 45 articles) were identified as relevant to this review. … For most tests in most studies, sensitivity and specificity were in the 80–90 percent range, with higher … Fifteen studies analyzed the association between risk factors and postpartum depression. … Based on two studies, there was insufficient evidence to evaluate whether timing relative to delivery … depressive symptoms and improved mental health; in four of these studies, improvement in depressive

26. Management of Infantile Hemangioma | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/infantile-hemangioma/clinician
    June 21, 2016 - The systematic review included 148 unique studies published from 1982 to June 2015. … This makes the interpretation of the findings of some of the studies challenging. … the review included few studies of steroids. … to combine or compare outcomes across studies. … Studies differed widely in terms of IH stage and lesion location.

27. Methods Guide for Comparative Effectiveness Reviews - Avoiding Bias in Selecting Studies (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-bias_methods.pdf
    February 01, 2013 - Studies evaluating reasons for discrepancies in included studies among systematic reviews ........ … Studies evaluating reasons for discrepancies in included studies among systematic reviews Study Study … Quality or risk of bias of individual studies Reviewer decides to exclude low quality studies or … Studies may have measured outcomes, but not reported them in the studies due to null findings. … However, smaller studies or non-English studies may be systematically different from larger studies

28. Supplemental Project To Assess the Transparency of Reporting Requirements for Studies Evaluating the Effectiveness of Treatment Options for Symptoms of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/transparency-neuropathy_research.pdf
    March 01, 2018 - For studies that are ongoing but not completed, what was the date of initiation of the studies? … Description of the Identified Studies For the first question, we described all studies we identified … For studies that are ongoing but not completed, what was the date of initiation of the studies? … Four studies had different reporting of the same measure.5, 12, 14, 20 In all four of these studies, … Six studies evaluated 0.75% capsaicin topic cream and two studies evaluated 8% capsaicin patch.

29. Psychosocial and Pharmacologic Interventions for Disruptive Behavior Disorders in Children and Adolescents: Current State of the Evidence | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/disruptive-behavior-disorder/clinician
    August 31, 2016 - The systematic review included 84 unique studies published from 1994 to June 2014. … This review excluded studies in which disruptive behaviors were studied as symptoms or comorbidities … the studies to detect harms was limited by their size and the length of followup. … Given that studies of pharmacologic interventions were short term, harms reported in the studies were … Studies of pharmacologic interventions were small with short-term followup.

30. Management of Renal Masses and Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma: Current State of the Evidence | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/renal-cancer/clinician
    July 18, 2017 - This review includes 147 studies reported in 150 publications from January 1, 1997, through May 1, 2015 … b Fifteen of the studies concerned open biopsy, and one concerned fine needle aspiration. … Studies in which harms, if any, were reported were inconsistent. … SEER studies: HR 1.18 (0.94 to 1.42) Non-SEER studies: HR 1.08 (0.87 to 1.33) [evidence medium] … SEER studies: HR 1.23 (1.13 to 1.33) Non-SEER studies: HR 1.09 (0.88 to 1.34) [evidence low]

31. Empirical Assessment of Within-Arm Correlation Imputation in Trials of Continuous Outcomes | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/continuous-outcomes-correlation/research
    November 19, 2012 - Background It is common that studies do not report sufficient data to allow meta-analysis of continuous … Results We analyzed 811 within-group correlation values from 123 studies with 281 study groups. … Simulation studies informed by the empirical results, demonstrated that imputation of values does not … Conclusions Negative within-group correlation values are very uncommon in clinical studies. … In such cases, sensitivity analyses using alternative imputation values, possibly informed by studies

32. Assessing the Risk of Bias of Individual Studies in Systematic Reviews of Health Care Interventions (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-bias-individual-studies_methods.pdf
    March 01, 2012 - as studies with high risk of bias. … newer studies may appear to be biased when compared to older studies, because of changes in journal … studies are poor.” … nonrandomized experimental studies and observational studies). … (RCTs and observational studies).

33. Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Oral Diabetes Medications for Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: An Update of the 2007 Report | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/type-2-diabetes-medications-update/research-protocol
    April 05, 2010 - This review will include studies with unambiguous medication combinations but not studies in which participants … for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies. … All studies included human subjects. … We excluded studies that did not have one of these comparisons. … case-control studies.

34. Integrating Bodies of Evidence: Existing Systematic Reviews and Primary Studies (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/integrating-evidence_methods.pdf
    February 01, 2015 - Recommendation: We recommend that newly identified studies be clearly distinguished from studies in … If the new studies would change the conclusions or the SOE judgments or the new studies are in some … We recommend that newly identified studies be clearly distinguished from studies in the existing review … When is it okay not to add new studies (or conduct a search for new studies)? … Grading practices range from grading all studies using own criteria to grading the new studies and comparing

35. Quantitative Synthesis Chapter 3. Choice of Statistical Model for Combining Studies (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/ehc-presentation-quantitative-synthesis-chapter-3.pdf
    February 01, 2018 - Choice of Statistical Model for Combining Studies Quantitative Synthesis Chapter 3. … Choice of Statistical Model for Combining Studies Prepared for: The Agency for Healthcare Research and … . − Therefore differences between studies’ treatment effects are due to random variability … • When a systematic review includes small and large studies, and results of small studies are different … ► For studies with zero events in one arm, or studies with sparse binary data but no zero events,

36. Research White Paper: A Framework To Facilitate the Use of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses in the Design of Primary Research Studies (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/primary-research-design_research.pdf
    January 01, 2012 - of net benefit given the costs of studies. … , and similarity of included studies. … Included studies of sufficient validity and quality 4. … Insufficient data: too few primary studies, or studies that are too small (sample size inadequate or … The use of systematic reviews when designing studies.

37. The purpose of our tool is to compile a comprehensive list of questions that may be used to evaluate the quality of non-randomized studies of interventions or exposures (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/reliability-testing-grading-evidence_research.pdf
    May 01, 2012 - through both RCTs and observational studies; limited information in studies, such as the inclusion … a (Total N across studies) Observational Studies Number of Studies (Total N across studies … a (Total N across studies) Observational Studies Number of Studies (Total N across studies … Observational Studies Across the six exercises that included observational studies, agreement among … Observational Studies Exercises evaluating the consistency of outcomes based on observational studies

38. Pharmacologic and Nonpharmacologic Treatments for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: 2024 Update of the Evidence Base for the PTSD Trials Standardized Data Repository (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/ptsd-5-draft-report.pdf
    February 05, 2024 - Studies, Overall Studies Included in the Evidence Tables 19 Most studies enrolled both female and … of Included Studies, Overall Studies Included in the Evidence Tables 21 Slightly more studies enrolled … Studies, Overall Studies Included in the Evidence Tables 22 Some studies targeted specific types … of Included Studies, Studies Added in This Update 38 Three studies limited inclusion to participants … An interview measure was used in just over half of studies (53%, 17 studies); 16 studies (50%) used

39. Executive Summary: ADHD Diagnosis and Treatment in Children and Adolescents (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-267-adhd-executive-summary.pdf
    March 01, 2024 - We reported the range of reported diagnostic performance for diagnostic studies; treatment studies were … This included 231 studies addressing diagnosis (KQ1), 312 studies addressing treatment (KQ2), and 10 … studies addressing monitoring (KQ3). … in the studies was 25 percent. … CI 0.05, 0.96; 10 studies, n=1703; moderate SoE).

40. Executive summary_Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 268: Impact of Healthcare Algorithms on Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health and Healthcare (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-268-racial-disparities-health-healthcare-executive-summary.pdf
    December 01, 2023 - screening (3 studies), and determine eligibility for prostate cancer screening (2 studies). … • KQ 1 studies found that algorithms may reduce racial and ethnic disparities (5 studies), perpetuate … Fourteen studies addressed KQ 1, 41 studies addressed KQ 2, and 3 studies addressed both KQs and are … ROB was rated as Low for 8 studies, Moderate for 31 studies, and High for 5. … 3 studies).