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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/food-insecurity-screening
March 11, 2025 - specificity above 82%, although most studies did not administer the screener separately from the reference standard … sections of a single questionnaire. 28 All of the remaining studies administered only the reference standard … or without additional items, and examined the agreement of subsets of items with the full reference standard … but was also the only instance of the screener being administered independently from the reference standard … but was also the only instance of the screener being administered independently from the reference standard
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/draft-research-plan/unhealthy-alcohol-use-adolescents-adults-behavioral-counseling-interventions
February 01, 2024 - application in primary care in adolescents, and new versions of previously established instruments adapted to standard … Pharmacotherapy
Comparators
KQs 1, 3: No screening or usual care KQ 2: Comparison with reference standard
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan54/colorectal-cancer-screening-june-2016
April 17, 2014 - alternate screening strategy
KQ 2: Diagnostic accuracy studies that use colonoscopy as a reference standard … KQ 1: Decision analyses
KQ 2: Diagnostic accuracy studies without colonoscopy as a reference standard
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/Qpv8h6ZMbYLYzakVrNQoj2
October 11, 2022 - The prevalence of MDD based on reference standard diagnos-
tic clinical interviews ranged from 3% to … SRS).49 The prevalence of increased
suicide risk ranged from 19% to 22%, depending on the reference
standard … , and
were 0.87 and 0.60 against another reference standard.49
Harms of Screening
Key Question 3. … Depression
The standard of evidence for test accuracy was rated as low to mod-
erate for sensitivity … being used in practice
Suicide: 1 study (n = 581) Sensitivity, 0.87 and 0.91 (varies by reference
standard
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/latent-tuberculosis-infection-screening
June 17, 2021 - disease because of underlying immunosuppression or for whom LTBI screening and treatment would be part of standard … KQs 2, 4: TST using Mantoux method with intermediate strength dose of PPD and standard thresholds for
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/high-blood-pressure-in-adults-screening-monitoring-october-2015
October 12, 2015 - is not as substantial as it is for ABPM. 1 Therefore, the USPSTF considers ABPM to be the reference standard … The USPSTF did not find evidence for a single gold standard protocol for HBPM or ABPM. … comparing manual (ausculatory) versus automated office blood pressure measurement with a reference standard … found that office blood pressure variably predicted true hypertension, as defined by the reference standard … to 65% of study participants ( Figure 1 ). 1 Positive predictive values (with ABPM as the reference standard
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/qns4u8H9_JgDHNje6by4dZ
Screening Tests
Abdominal duplex ultrasonography is the standard approach for AAA screening.
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/23KAofmVPv2qeqPqxBqfXE
To reflect standard drink sizes in the United States, the number of
drinks in question 3 was changed
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/hepatitis-c-virus-infection-screening-2004
March 08, 2004 - for active infection) or RIBA (a reference standard for exposure). … c Difference in standard deviation of change from baseline. … Fair
Using viremia as the reference standard, sensitivity of third-generation ELISA testing appears … Limited data found a specificity of 97% or greater using viremia as the reference standard.
4. … HCV infection.90 PCR testing, aminotransferase testing, and liver biopsy were considered the standard
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/7eLc5kBtomL_HKpYDwsFPf
July 01, 2009 - A visual acuity
test (for example, the Snellen eye chart) is the standard for screen-
ing for vision … For diagnostic accuracy, we included studies that com-
pared a screening test with a reference standard … applied the refer-
ence standard to all patients (23, 24), and 1 study reported
sufficient information … because it is
often considered the clinical standard for evaluating visual
acuity. … Used
Reference Standard
Applied to All
Patients
Screening Test
Adequately
Described
Reference Standard
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary50/impaired-visual-acuity-in-older-adults-screening-2009
July 15, 2009 - For diagnostic accuracy, we included studies that compared a screening test with a reference standard … Only 1 study clearly reported independent interpretation of the reference standard, 23 2 studies clearly … applied the reference standard to all patients, 23 , 24 and 1 study reported sufficient information … Used
Reference Standard Applied to All Patients
Screening Test Adequately Described … Reference Standard Interpreted Independently
Quality Score
Ariyasu et al,
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/SA2xTFXTzgdbgTYw9DEoMS
December 01, 2019 - Abdominal duplex ultrasonography is the standard approach for AAA screening.
a.
-
www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/prostate-cancer-screening-adults
December 21, 2023 - of later-stage cancer)
Comparisons
KQs 1, 2: Usual care; no screening
KQ 3: Reference standard … for prostate cancer
KQ 4: Reference standard for clinically important prostate cancer
KQs 4a, 4b
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan97/breast-cancer-screening-january-2016
July 17, 2014 - KQs 7, 8: Studies lacking comprehensively applied reference standard. … Test Characteristics
KQs 7, 8: Diagnostic accuracy studies with reference standard, meta-analyses … and stability of measures over time (e.g., training sets, diagnostic accuracy studies with reference standard
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/vision-in-children-ages-6-months-to-5-years-screening
December 17, 2015 - study designs not listed as eligible
KQ 2: Studies that do not attempt to perform the reference standard … vision, measured by the ability to discern letters or numbers at a given distance according to a fixed standard
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/ykjVKfmV5Jf8bL3rBx8BP7
December 01, 2015 - The
evidence review assessed the benefits and harms of
aspirin use and intensive versus standard control … Benefits of Intensive Versus Standard Control of
Blood Glucose Levels, Blood Pressure, and Lipid
Levels … intensive blood pressure control
was associated with less cardiovascular mortality and
morbidity than standard … However, a consistent benefit
of stroke reduction was found in study groups with in-
tensive versus standard … The USPSTF found no studies on the effects of in-
tensive versus standard lipid control in persons with
-
www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary11/asymptomatic-bacteriuria-in-adults-screening-2008
July 15, 2008 - is common, and screening for this condition in pregnant women is a well-established, evidence-based standard … The previous review relied on the standard definition of preterm delivery from the 1960s, birthweight … Although urine culture remains the gold standard … performed at routine prenatal visits if a leukocyte esterase-nitrite test result was positive; the gold standard
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/3yeJ6L7nXxuVtnaU75gecT
January 01, 2011 - The combination of pegylated interferon (α-2a or α-2b) and ribavirin is the standard treatment for HCV
-
www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/6Ngc3byQ9jeBy_pwyvD6or
September 01, 2014 - Incremental Benefit of Additional Medications Beyond
Current Standard Medical Therapy
We found no eligible … studies that assessed benefits of
additional medications beyond current standard medical
therapy. … Current standard therapy to reduce stroke risk in-
cludes use of statins, antihypertensives (including … asymp-
tomatic CAS who are at decreased or increased risk for
stroke caused by CAS despite current standard … Changes in
technology, standard medical therapy, surgical procedures,
and stroke rates may not be reflected
-
www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/unhealthy-alcohol-use-in-adolescents-and-adults-screening-and-behavioral-counseling-interventions
November 13, 2018 - The conversion factor of 14 g of ethanol was used for 1 standard drink, since this is the definition … of a standard drink in the United States. … of 6 or more drinks per occasion tended to have lower sensitivity than the 5/4 or more drinks standard … Sensitivity was relatively high (0.82) in young adults at the standard score cutoff of 8 or higher, but … Use of the USAUDIT and USAUDIT-C, designed to use the United States’ standard drink size and to return