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81. Behavioral Counseling Interventions to Promote a Healthy Diet and Physical Activity for CVD Prevention in Adults Without Known CVD Risk Factors: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/UXw277rnvJ8e_Dfsh4V3K3
    July 26, 2022 - Guide for Effectiveness and Comparative Effectiveness Reviews,19 based on the number, quality, and size … of studies as well as the consistency (similarity of effect direction and size) and precision (degree … logic, population, or intervention characteristics at the study level that were associated with effect size … Pooled Results of Behavioral Outcomes Outcome Effect size (95% CI) No. of RCTs (No. of participants … social determinants of health at play (eg, food insecurity, low-income status) that may affect the size

82. Procedure Manual Section 2. Topic Selection, Prioritization, and Updating | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/about-uspstf/methods-and-processes/procedure-manual/procedure-manual-section-2-topic-selection-prioritization-and-updating
    June 22, 2025 - screening, counseling, preventive medication), type of disease (e.g., cancer, endocrine disease), and size … overall Task Force portfolio of recommendations by population, type of service, type of disease, and/or size

83. Screening Adults for Bladder Cancer: A Review of the Evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/L5UwXoftg4JHw4buVDhjUT
    October 01, 2010 - the presence of more poorly differentiated cells and other histopatho- logic features; the number, size … , fair, or poor) by using methods developed by the USPSTF, on the basis of the number, quality, and size … Screening Studies Study, Year (Reference) Population Study Design Screening Test Sample Size Results … Handles indeterminate results in a reasonable manner Spectrum of patients included in study Sample size … administered; has a biased ascertainment of the reference standard; and includes a very small sample size

84. Screening and Routine for Iron Deficiency Anemia: A Systematic Review (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/g-b8KbTXYe2vnW2zJKGoPU
    April 01, 2015 - assessed by using methods developed by the USPSTF; these assessments were based on the number, quality and size … .24,27,28,30,31 In addition, studies may be underpowered; although 7 studies reported some power or sample size

85. Archived: Evidence Summary: Lung Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary4/lung-cancer-screening-december-2013
    July 30, 2013 - good, fair, or poor) using methods developed by the USPSTF on the basis of the number, quality, and size … As nodule size increases, the PPV increases. … This difference also suggests possible inadequate randomization or inadequate sample size, because the … However, the large size of the trial, as well as the involvement of community health care providers in … The prognostic impact of tumor size in resected stage I non-small cell lung cancer: evidence for a two

86. -Umtbplhkqkcqcbeq3Gtuj (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/-UMtbPLHkQKcQCbeQ3gTuJ
    September 01, 2013 - good, fair, or poor) using methods developed by the USPSTF on the basis of the number, quality, and size … As nodule size in- creases, the PPV increases. … This difference also suggests possible inadequate randomization or inadequate sample size, be- cause … However, the large size of the trial, as well as the involvement of community health care providers in … The prognostic impact of tumor size in resected stage I non-small cell lung cancer: evidence for a two

87. Estimation of Benefits, Burden, and Harms of Colorectal Cancer Screening Strategies: Modeling Study for the USPSTF (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/vw-LTWCTZ_N5pAaydcNQTx
    June 21, 2016 - stage, may be more amenable to treatment. a The SimCRC and MISCAN models simulate discrete adenoma size … The CRC-SPIN model simulates continuous adenoma size. … The models also differed in the distribution of the size of the largest adenoma (Table 3). … simulate adenoma histol- ogy, largely because it is correlated with size. … Predictors of presence, multiplicity, size and dysplasia of colorectal adenomas: a necropsy study in

88. Low-Dose Aspiring for the Prevention of Morbidity and Mortality from Preeclampsia: A Systematic Evidence Review fro the USPSTF (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/6W538pkN7ft6TsRMKfPWMJ
    May 27, 2014 - Potential sources of heterogeneity in effect size by as- pirin timing, dosage, and preeclampsia risk … We found no con- sistent pattern in effect size by incidence of preeclampsia. … Pooled analysis of perinatal mortality from all trials, sorted by sample size. … Pooled analysis of placental abruption from all trials, sorted by sample size. … Pooled analysis of intracranial fetal bleeding from all trials, sorted by sample size.

89. Primary Care–Relevant Interventions for Tobacco Use Prevention and Cessation in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Evidence Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/myqvgr-dsW7k3eQbwj4aR4
    February 01, 2013 - Within each group, we qualitatively explored patterns of association between effect size and several … We conducted random-effects meta-analyses to esti- mate the effect size of interventions for trials reporting … trials (15–17) by dividing the sample sizes in these studies by a design effect based on average cluster size … All of the studies differed widely in terms of sample size, types of interventions tested, and primary … Although no factors were clearly related to effect size in the included trials, high variability in the

90. Screening for Colorectal Cancer: A Targeted, Updated Systematic Review (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/UCajZVxQEKLCgs59HV7ddE
    November 01, 2008 - . † Sensitivity and specificity of small adenomas or polyps of unknown size are found in the full evidence … In contrast, ACRIN reported sim- ilar specificity for lesions regardless of size, with better specificity … and 88.7% for adenomas �6 mm; sensitivity estimates were not significantly different based on polyp size … be referred for colonoscopy after CT colonography vary from 1 in 3 to 1 in 13, depending on referral size … The referral threshold for colonoscopy (size of lesions detected by CT colonography) is largely based

91. Archived: Final Evidence Summary: Colorectal Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary4/colorectal-cancer-screening-2008
    October 15, 2008 - colonoscopy and CT colonography screening is offering patients with only 1 or 2 polyps 6 to 9 mm in size … measurement approaches, and viewing displays further complicates considerations of appropriate polyp size … Sensitivity and specificity of small adenomas or polyps of unknown size are found in the full evidence … and 88.7% for adenomas ≥6 mm; sensitivity estimates were not significantly different based on polyp size … Adequate sample size.    Administration of reliable screening test.

92. Primary Care Screening for and Treatment of Depression in Pregnant and Postpartum Women: Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/svy-CsBNaoaeb7wRGFvLdW
    January 26, 2016 - forest plots of the results were used to examine the consistency, precision, and relationship of effect size … feedback of screening results and a 1-after- noon depression training session for midwives, the effect size … The possibility of correlation between sample size and effect size raises the concern that the pooled … groups was −0.82 (95% CI, −1.10 to −0.54; K = 7, I2 = 35.4%), consistent with a medium to large effect size … the evidence reviewed were noted for all bodies of evidence, including the number of studies, study size

93. Anxiety Screening: Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/CXDusYW7s2xdypXMpnW9sw
    June 20, 2023 - The overall pooled effect size for all 22 studies was statistically significant, in favor of the intervention … supported a benefit of psychological treatment among pri- mary care patients, albeit with a smaller effect size … 0.63 to −0.15) for primary care patients with depression or anxiety treated with CBT.88 This effect size … –7.6 (4.6) –3.4 (5.4)Suchan,64 2022 –0.81 (–1.36 to –0.26) –1.5 0 1–0.5 0.5 SMD (95% CI) –1 The size

94. Screening for High Blood Pressure: USPSTF Reaffirmation Recommnedation Statement (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/tDXRYadTAu6MrMmxU6kqK7
    December 01, 2007 - on health outcomes, but confidence in the estimate is constrained by such factors as: the number, size … Evidence is insufficient because of: the limited number or size of studies important flaws in study design

95. Draft Research Plan: Breastfeeding: Primary Care Behavioral Counseling Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/draft-research-plan/breastfeeding-interventions
    March 10, 2022 - Share to Facebook Share to X Share to WhatsApp Share to Email Print in progress Draft Research Plan Breastfeeding: Primary Care Behavioral Counseling Interventions March 10, 2022 Recommendations made by the USPSTF are independent of the U.S…

96. Recommendation: Vision in Children Ages 6 Months to 5 Years: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/vision-in-children-ages-6-months-to-5-years-screening
    September 05, 2017 - distances (eg, the LEA Symbols chart uses a circle, apple, square, and house; symbols gradually decrease in size … ) HOTV eye test Identification of letters HOTV; letters gradually decrease in size Snellen … Letter or number identification; letters or numbers gradually decrease in size Tumbling E … Identification of the direction of arms of the letter E; letters gradually decrease in size Stereoacuity

97. Archived: Evidence Summary: Healthful Diet and Physical Activity for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Adults With Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Behavioral Counseling | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary2/healthy-diet-and-physical-activity-counseling-adults-with-high-risk-of-cvd-august-2014
    August 26, 2014 - random-effects meta-analyses for 5 or more studies using the DerSimonian–Laird method to estimate the effect size … We used stratified analyses, visual inspection of forest plots arranged by effect size, and/or meta-regressions … to examine the effect of a priori–specified primary sources of heterogeneity on effect size: study population

98. Archived: Evidence Summary: Depression in Children and Adolescents: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/depression-in-children-and-adolescents-screening
    February 08, 2016 - administration of the screening test, biased ascertainment of the reference standard, very small sample size … interventions with a relative risk reduction of 20% to 25% and a control event rate of 20% require a sample size … into research studies may drive the methodological limitations of the evidence, such as small sample size … wrong geographical setting, 15 for wrong study design, 23 for wrong intervention, 0 for wrong sample size

99. Behavioral Counseling Interventions: An Evidence-based Approach - Figure 2 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/behavioral-counseling-interventions-evidence-based-approach-figure-2
    November 01, 2013 - Features of the practice setting: practice size and patient make-up, workforce mix, incentives, resources

100. Screening for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: A Best-Evidence Systematic Review (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/teeHcmNgvNBSj4-E9SN5QK
     February 01, 2005 - In MASS and in the Chichester and Viborg County trials, patients with AAAs exceeding a threshold size … scanning and were referred to a vascular surgeon for AAAs that had expanded to or above the threshold size … Participants with normal-size aortas (<3.0 cm) on the initial scan received no further follow-up. … U.S. hospital database, after adjustment for sex, ethnicity, age, comorbid conditions, and hospital size … had little impact on the meta-analysis of AAA-related mortality, however, because the pooled effect size