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www.ahrq.gov/hai/cusp/modules/implement/alt-text.html
April 01, 2013 - Monitoring:
STEP
I’M Safe
Mutual Support:
Task Assistance
Feedback
Advocacy … In the first column, Leadership tools include brief, huddle, debrief
In the second column, Situation … Monitoring tools include STEP and I'M Safe
In the third column, Mutual Support tools include Task … the care plan
Identifies each team member’s role and responsibilities
Heightens awareness of the situation … D escribe the specific situation
E xpress your concerns about the action
S uggest other alternatives
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www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/news/events/ahrq-research-summit/mcdonald-summit2016-breakout.pdf
June 02, 2025 - University
What We Know:
Key Shaping Factors for
Cognitive Work
Organizational context is powerful
Situation … x person
Situation = processes, structures, culture, feedback loops, org
boundaries (single vs … real-time use
H3: National measures designed for improvement
applications
High Risk Outpatient Monitoring … Work
What We Know:�Changes Tried
What We Don’t Know:�Exact Targets for Action
High Risk Outpatient Monitoring
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www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/professionals/quality-patient-safety/hais/tools/perinatal-care/modules/strategies/rapid-response/rapidresponse_facguide.docx
May 01, 2017 - It involves feedback and monitoring to continually improve overall care. … An acute situation that the physician or nurse, or patient or family members believe need immediate evaluation … rapid responders, who serve as a second opinion, additional resources, and another set of “eyes” on the situation … its approach to learning from defects based on seriousness of event, expertise available, and data monitoring … Use SBAR or Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendation as well as callouts, huddles, and closed-loop
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www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/professionals/quality-patient-safety/patient-safety-resources/resources/advances-in-patient-safety/vol2/Thomadsen.pdf
December 23, 2004 - subpaths for
qualifications, verification, coordination (as in communication), intervention, and
monitoring … A skill-based error can also occur when the situation
deviates from the normal routine. … Automation and computerization
Bar codes
Computer entry
Computer feedback
Automatic monitoring … Independent review
Redundant measurement
Operational checks
Comparison with standards
Increased monitoring … Monitoring behavior and supervisory control.
New York: Plenum Press; 1976. pp. 371–83.
9.
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www.ahrq.gov/nhguide/toolkits.html
September 01, 2017 - improving the use of antibiotics for urinary tract infections (UTIs) in nursing home residents based on the Situation … It includes a readiness assessment, timeline, policies and procedures, and monitoring tools specific
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www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/professionals/quality-patient-safety/hais/tools/perinatal-care/modules/strategies/labor-delivery-unit/tool_cord-prolapse.docx
May 01, 2017 - (continued)
Development electronic fetal monitoring nomenclature at standard intervals.1
· Use callouts … Use SBAR (Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendation), callouts, huddles, and closed-loop … positive approach to emphasize “what is right, not who is right”:
· D: Describe the specific behavior or situation … .
· E: Express how the situation makes you feel or concerns you.
· S: Suggest other alternatives.
· C … Earlier studies, prior to the advent of continuous fetal monitoring, showed association with increased
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www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/teamstepps-program/tools/ts-learning-benchmarks.pdf
June 02, 2025 - Introduce herself, briefly describe the situation, plan, and potential pitfalls and ask for
input from … For the real-life situation in question 4 above, a nurse in the same circumstances, but NOT
confident … Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendations.
b. Sleep, Bathroom Activities, Results.
c. … An action of cross-monitoring that makes teamwork safer.
d. … the “time-out” policy on behalf of patient safety
• Anyone can call for clarification
14 C • Cross-monitoring
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www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/professionals/quality-patient-safety/hais/tools/perinatal-care/modules/strategies/medication/safemed_facguide.docx
May 01, 2017 - Errors and slips in medication administration, fetal and maternal monitoring, and delays in responding … Slide 10
SAY:
Maternal and fetal monitoring using uniform parameters at regular intervals. … status, and knowing the plan for a timely response to prevent further deterioration
The use of SBAR or Situation … Establishing uniform parameters for maternal and fetal monitoring and provider notification prior to … maternal or fetal status to the care team, for checking back on orders given and received in an urgent situation
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www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/professionals/quality-patient-safety/patient-safety-resources/resources/candor/module5/mod5-comm-assessment.pdf
April 01, 2016 - Read each description carefully and try to imagine
yourself actually being in the situation. … During the resuscitation efforts, information obtained from the devices monitoring Mary’s EKG, blood … The nurse
involved in monitoring Mary appears visibly shaken and states that she was distracted during … or
minimizes the severity of the problem/difficult situation. … We called the code blue to have the quickest and best response to her situation.
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www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/teamstepps-program/tools/astd-coaching-self-assessment-form.pdf
June 02, 2025 - Monitoring outcomes of the
coaching process and providing additional
assistance when necessary. … Faced with an individual whose personal
situation is interfering with his or her performance, however … sources of professional assistance and adjust
the coaching process to support getting through the situation … Monitoring outcomes of the coaching
process and providing additional assistance when necessary. … This
requires continual assessment and reassessment of the person and situation.
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www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/professionals/quality-patient-safety/patient-safety-resources/resources/advances-in-patient-safety-2/vol3/Advances-Drews_15.pdf
February 26, 2008 - Reason’s model of error (modified after Dean et al)14
4
Devices
Potential problems with monitoring … Testing the monitoring equipment revealed that it had been inadvertently placed in “pulse
mode,” which … Unfamiliarity with a situation.
2. Time pressure in error detection.
3. … The selection
of specific devices was driven by their function (e.g., therapeutic or monitoring devices … Moderate
Therapeutic
Feeding pumps Low
Pulmonary artery catheters Moderate
Oximeter probes Low Monitoring
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www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/professionals/quality-patient-safety/hais/tools/perinatal-care/modules/teamwork/implement/implement.pptx
May 01, 2017 - Selected TeamSTEPPS Tools2
Leadership Situation Monitoring Mutual Support Communication
Brief STEP … out the care plan
Identifies each team member’s role and responsibilities
Heightens awareness of the situation … Describe the specific situation
Express your concerns about the action
Suggest other alternatives
Consensus … Provides a framework for effective communication between team members for the following information—
Situation―What … to ask questions, clarify, and confirm
Tool used: I PASS the BATON
Introduction
Patient
Assessment
Situation
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www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/professionals/quality-patient-safety/hais/tools/perinatal-care/modules/teamwork/implement/implement-facilitator-guide.pdf
May 01, 2017 - .
• It avoids compromising a patient’s
situation by promptly relaying
information. … Implement Teamwork
AHRQ Safety Program for Perinatal Care & Communication 10
SAY:
STEP is a tool for monitoring … The components of
situation monitoring to be aware of and assess
the following:
• Status of the patient … DESC is a mnemonic device:
• D stands for describe—Describe the
specific situation. … SAY:
CUS is an acknowledgment of an unsafe
situation.
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www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/professionals/quality-patient-safety/hais/tools/perinatal-care/modules/strategies/rapid-response/rapidresponse_facguide.pdf
May 01, 2017 - It
involves feedback and monitoring to
continually improve overall care. … • An acute situation that the physician or
nurse, or patient or family members
believe need immediate … responders, who serve
as a second opinion, additional resources, and
another set of “eyes” on the situation … its approach to
learning from defects based on seriousness of
event, expertise available, and data monitoring … • Use SBAR or Situation, Background,
Assessment, and Recommendation as
well as callouts, huddles
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www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/hai/tools/perinatal-care-2/hypertension_6-coaching.pptx
July 01, 2023 - direction, and prompting
Includes demonstrating, reinforcing, motivating, and providing feedback
Requires monitoring … It requires routine monitoring and ongoing assessment of performance. … Monitoring outcomes of the coaching process and providing additional assistance when necessary. … Monitoring outcomes of the coaching process and providing additional assistance when necessary. … This requires continual assessment and reassessment of the person and situation.
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www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/hai/tools/perinatal-care-2/hemorrhage_6-coaching.pptx
July 01, 2023 - direction, and prompting
Includes demonstrating, reinforcing, motivating, and providing feedback
Requires monitoring … It requires routine monitoring and ongoing assessment of performance. … Monitoring outcomes of the coaching process and providing additional assistance when necessary. … Monitoring outcomes of the coaching process and providing additional assistance when necessary. … This requires continual assessment and reassessment of the person and situation.
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www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/professionals/education/curriculum-tools/cusptoolkit/modules/implement/teamworknotes.docx
June 02, 2025 - .
· It avoids compromising a patient’s situation by promptly relaying information.
· It notes times of … Slide 20
SAY:
STEP is a tool for monitoring situations in the delivery of health care. … The components of situation monitoring to be aware of and assess the:
· Status of the patient, including … Slide 27
SAY:
CUS is an acknowledgment of an unsafe situation. … In phrasing a conversation with another member of the team, consider the following:
· Situation—What
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www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/professionals/quality-patient-safety/hais/tools/perinatal-care/modules/strategies/medication/safemed_facguide.pdf
May 01, 2017 - Administration 8
SAY:
• Maternal and fetal monitoring using
uniform parameters at regular
intervals … and knowing the plan for a timely
response to prevent further
deterioration
• The use of SBAR or Situation … • Establishing uniform parameters for
maternal and fetal monitoring and
provider notification prior … maternal
or fetal status to the care team, for
checking back on orders given and
received in an urgent situation … • Educating patients and families
regarding the frequency of nursing
assessment and monitoring,
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www.ahrq.gov/patient-safety/settings/labor-delivery/perinatal-care/modules/strategies/rapid-response/rapid-response-fac-guide.html
July 01, 2023 - It involves feedback and monitoring to continually improve overall care. … An acute situation that the physician or nurse, or patient or family members believe need immediate evaluation … rapid responders, who serve as a second opinion, additional resources, and another set of "eyes" on the situation … its approach to learning from defects based on seriousness of event, expertise available, and data monitoring … collecting data for quality improvement to refine the unit approach to the safe use of electronic fetal monitoring
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www.ahrq.gov/hai/quality/tools/cauti-ltc/modules/implementation/long-term-modules/module4/mod4-slides.html
March 01, 2017 - Misinterpretation of Cues
Lack of Role Clarity
Brief
Huddle
Debrief
STEP
Cross-Monitoring … Reestablish situation awareness.
Reinforce plans already in place. … Situation awareness maintained?
Workload distribution equitable? … Slide 16: Practicing SBAR 3
Situation — What is going on with the resident? … E xpress how the situation makes you feel/what your concerns are.