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21. Slide 1 (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/cf_deliberativemethodswebinar_recruiting.pdf
    May 18, 2012 - Slide 1 Recruiting/Selecting Participants Susan Dorr Goold, MD, MHSA, MA Professor of Internal Medicine and Health Management and Policy University of Michigan 1 Alternatives to Random Sampling • Substantive representation – Based on extent to which groups affected by decision at issue …

22. Quantitative Synthesis: Chapter 2. Presenting Different Effects for Different Data Types (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/ehc-presentation-quantitative-synthesis-chapter-2.pdf
    February 01, 2018 - should be described in the write-up, per PRISMA guidance.1 ► Trials are required to report events and sample … Hedges’ g for SMD calculation • Hedges’ g is a transformation of Cohen’s d that adjusts for small sample … size bias.5 ► Transformation is achieved by multiplying Cohen’s d by a function of the total sample … size: 𝑔𝑔 = 𝑑𝑑 1 − 3 4𝐿𝐿 − 9 ► For very large sample sizes Cohen’s d and Hedges’ g will be … Where: N = total trial sample size Ratio of means • Ratio of means (RoM) is an alternative to the

23. The Effect of Protein Intake on Health (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/effect-protein-intake-protocol-amendment.pdf
    November 29, 2023 - requirements, or those being treated with medications that alter nutrient metabolism Participant sample … exclusively undernourished Participant sample exclusively with a baseline diet deficient in protein … Participant sample exclusively pre-term infant Participant sample exclusively post-bariatric surgery … exclusively undernourished Participant sample exclusively with a baseline diet deficient in protein … Participant sample exclusively post-bariatric surgery subjects Participant sample exclusively

24. breast-biopsy-update-130920 (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/breast-biopsy-update_research-protocol.pdf
    September 20, 2013 - Fine-needle aspiration, which retrieves a sample of cells, is generally considered less sensitive than … both core-needle and open biopsy methods.7 Core-needle biopsy, which retrieves a sample of tissue, … Sometimes a vacuum device is used to assist in removing the tissue sample through the needle. … After using the images to determine where to sample, the needle is inserted. … After using the images to determine where to sample, the needle is inserted.

25. Testing the Predictive Validity of Strength of Evidence Grades | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/grades-predictive-values/abstract
    December 01, 2019 - Using a large sample of meta-analyses, the outcome of interest is the proportion of stable results over … We expected a sample size of 120 ratings to be sufficient to achieve at least 80% power to compare the … Austrian Cochrane Branch (expected stability) and the proportion of stable summary effects from the sample

26. A Prospective Comparison of Evidence Synthesis Search Strategies Developed With and Without Text-Mining Tools | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/research-strategies-text-mining-tools/methods-report
    March 01, 2021 - compared to usual practice (UP) search strategy development in six out of seven reports, but the small sample … TMTs searches appear less sensitive than UP searches in all but one project, but the small sample size … Again, the small sample size precludes significance. … Across all reviews, UP searches seemed to perform better than TMT, but because of the small sample size

27. The Effect of Protein Intake on Health | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/effect-protein-intake/protocol
    December 01, 2023 - exclusively undernourished Participant sample exclusively with a baseline diet deficient in protein … Participant sample exclusively pre-term infant Participant sample exclusively post-bariatric … surgery subjects Participant sample exclusively elite athletes Non-human participants (e.g … exclusively undernourished Participant sample exclusively with a baseline diet deficient in protein … Participant sample exclusively post-bariatric surgery subjects Participant sample exclusively

28. App-D-Opioid-Chronic-Pain-Surveill-Report-1 (xls file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/app-d-opioid-chronic-pain-surveill-report-1.xlsx
    September 30, 2015 - controlled trials Author, Year Study Design Duration Setting Country Eligibility Criteria Interventions Sample … Oral methadone (30 to 60 mg daily) (9 assigned, 6 f/u) Overall sample Mean age: 41 years Female sex: … B (unmatched sample) Mean age (SD): 55.6 (13.22) vs. 58.2 (12.82) years Female sex: 9.88% vs. 9.49% … ); 38,716 (matched sample) Visit counts for physical therapy, pain clinics, chiropractic care, primary … HR 1.19 (95% CI 1.06 to 1.35) Insurance Fair Salkar, 2021 Case-control, Medicare 5% National Sample

29. Evaluation of Dietary Protein Intake Requirements | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/dietary-protein-intake/protocol
    December 01, 2023 - size for metabolic studies Any sample size for studies involving women who are pregnant or lactating …   Smaller sample sizes may be observed for highly controlled metabolic studies due to the level … Thus, studies performed in this population will also be included regardless of sample size. … Smaller sample sizes may be observed for highly controlled metabolic studies due to the level of rigor … Thus, studies performed in this population will also be included regardless of sample size.

30. Evaluation of Dietary Protein Intake Requirements (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/dietary-protein-intake-protocol-amendment.pdf
    November 28, 2023 - during screening, we will “tag” studies in PICO portal (using certain identifiers, such as small sample … size for metabolic Smaller sample sizes may be observed for highly controlled metabolic 14 … Thus, studies performed in this population will also be included regardless of sample size. 11/ … Smaller sample sizes may be observed for highly controlled metabolic studies due to the level of … Thus, studies performed in this population will also be included regardless of sample size. 11/

31. PowerPoint Presentation (ppt file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/medical-test-reviews-frameworks.ppt
    June 01, 2012 - Sample Replacement Test Project: FFDM Versus SFM (2 of 4) Samson D, Schoelles KM. … Sample Replacement Test Project: FFDM Versus SFM (4 of 4) Samson D, Schoelles KM. … Sample Replacement Test Project: FFDM Versus SFM (4 of 4) To summarize the sample replacement test project … Sample Add-on Test Project: HER2 Gene Amplification Assay (2 of 4) Samson D, Schoelles KM. … Sample Triage Test Project: Positron Emission Tomography (2 of 4) Samson D, Schoelles KM.

32. PowerPoint Presentation (ppt file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/medical-test-reviews-frameworks.ppt
    June 01, 2012 - Sample Replacement Test Project: FFDM Versus SFM (2 of 4) Samson D, Schoelles KM. … Sample Replacement Test Project: FFDM Versus SFM (4 of 4) Samson D, Schoelles KM. … Sample Replacement Test Project: FFDM Versus SFM (4 of 4) To summarize the sample replacement test project … Sample Add-on Test Project: HER2 Gene Amplification Assay (2 of 4) Samson D, Schoelles KM. … Sample Triage Test Project: Positron Emission Tomography (2 of 4) Samson D, Schoelles KM.

33. The Effectiveness of Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDS) in Children With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/juvenile-arthritis-dmards/research-protocol
    December 01, 2019 - Because JIA is rare, assembling a large sample size is challenging. … Therefore, we will not restrict studies based on sample size alone. … Sample consists of children 18 years of age or younger. … If the study includes adults, at least 80 percent of the sample will be children or the outcomes must … Sample consists of children 18 years of age or younger.

34. FRN 35 - Preventive Pharmacological Treatments for Migraine in Adults: Future Research Needs (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/migraine-future_research.pdf
    April 01, 2013 - Again, blinding and sample size are key considerations. … This should be considered when calculating sample size. … Again, blinding and sample size are key considerations. … A sample with diverse disease characteristics will be necessary. … This should be considered when calculating sample size.

35. Case Study Comparing Bayesian and Frequentist Approaches for Multiple Treatment Comparisons (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/indirect-comparisons_research.pdf
    March 01, 2013 - Pfizer Inc C-7 Reference Study, Sample Inclusion Criteria Exclusion Criteria Active Control … C-8 Reference Study, Sample Inclusion Criteria Exclusion Criteria Active Control Sponsorship such … Herschorn, 201028 Study:RCT Sample:1712 Men and women aged ≥18 years, with symptoms of OAB … C-29 Reference Study, Sample Inclusion Criteria Exclusion Criteria Active Control Sponsorship of … C-32 Reference Study, Sample Inclusion Criteria Exclusion Criteria Active Control Sponsorship of

36. Disposition of Comments for Child Exposure to Trauma: Comparative Effectiveness of Interventions Addressing Maltreatment (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/trauma-interventions-maltreatment-child_disposition-comments.pdf
    April 15, 2013 - The authors build a strong case across the manuscript for the limitations of the data (from small sample … myself tend to reduce the persuasiveness of intervention restudies for the following reasons: small sample … We can only estimate the effect of treatment in a certain population (represented by the sample) for … This proclivity is particularly misleading when the size of the sample is small: Twersky and Kahneman … The authors do identify one of the major limitation of small sample sizes in that it is difficult to

37. Bariatric Surgery and Nonsurgical Therapy in Adults With Metabolic Conditions and a Body Mass Index of 30.0 to 34.9 kg/m² | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/weight-loss-surgery/research
    December 01, 2019 - followup; (3) nonsurgical studies already included in previous systematic reviews; and (4) studies with a sample … The strength of evidence for BPD is rated low because there are fewer studies, and these have smaller sample … Short-term adverse events are relatively minor; strength of evidence is low due to small sample size

38. CER 226: Evidence summary_Labor Dystocia (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/Evidence%20Summary_2.pdf
    May 01, 2020 - versus control: Evidence summary in women with unspecified parity Category Outcome Study Design (Sample … Moderate (Imprecise) 11 Category Outcome Study Design (Sample Size) Conclusion SOE (Rationale … versus control: Evidence summary in women with unspecified parity Category Outcome Study Design (Sample … Ambulation versus control: Evidence summary in nulliparous women Category Outcome Study Design (Sample … Feasibility and ethical challenges with obtaining a large, contemporary sample of women laboring with

39. App-D-Opioid-Chronic-Pain-Surveillance-Report-2 (xls file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/app-d-opioid-chronic-pain-surveillance-report-2.xlsx
    September 30, 2015 - controlled trials Author, Year Study Design Duration Setting Country Eligibility Criteria Interventions Sample … Oral methadone (30 to 60 mg daily) (9 assigned, 6 f/u) Overall sample Mean age: 41 years Female sex: … B (unmatched sample) Mean age (SD): 55.6 (13.22) vs. 58.2 (12.82) years Female sex: 9.88% vs. 9.49% … ); 38,716 (matched sample) Visit counts for physical therapy, pain clinics, chiropractic care, primary … HR 1.19 (95% CI 1.06 to 1.35) Insurance Fair Salkar, 2021 Case-control, Medicare 5% National Sample

40. Pharmacologic and Nonpharmacologic Treatments for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: 2024 Update of the Evidence Base for the PTSD Trials Standardized Data Repository (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/ptsd-5-final-report-update-2024_0.pdf
    January 01, 2024 - sample size between 25 and 99 participants. … The median sample size was 58 (interquartile range [IQR] 32 to 103). … the sample. … Table 3 provides study and sample characteristics. … Summary of newly included studies: study and sample characteristics Author, Year Study Class Sample