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1. Graphical Augmentations to Sample-Size-Based Funnel Plot in Meta-analysis | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
   effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/grant-manuscripts/graphical-augmentations-abstract
   June 01, 2024 - In addition, the missingness of studies may relate to their sample sizes besides P values (which are … Therefore, funnel plots based on sample sizes can be an alternative tool. … However, the contours for standard-error-based funnel plots cannot be directly applied to sample-size-based … This article introduces contours for sample-size-based funnel plots of various effect sizes, which may … Graphical augmentations to sample-size-based funnel plot in meta-analysis.

2. Treatment of Depression in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review - Evidence Summary (pdf file)
   effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/Evidence%20Summary_0_0.pdf
   April 01, 2020 - age >12 and ≤18]: RCTs, children [sample age ≤12]) to 5 capture all available evidence. … We also note special characteristics of the sample required for study inclusions such as females only … CBT) (CDRS): 11.1; 95% CI, 17.68 to 4.52 1 RCT (n=63)64, 65 Imprecision (small sample size), … bupropion (based on BDI) 5.2; 95% CI, 9.31 to 1.09 1 RCT (n=65)68 Imprecision (small sample … CBT) (CDRS): 11.1; 95% CI, 17.68 to 4.52 1 RCT (n=63)64, 65 Imprecision (small sample size),

3. Template for Draft Reports (pdf file)
   effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cad-pci-bypass_appendixes.pdf
   October 06, 2006 - Sample restricted to cases of balloon angioplasty only. … Not Available Not Applicable Epstein A et al.228 HCUP Nationwide Inpatient Sample LOW (for … size at randomization CABG sample size at randomization Group 1 outcome 1 Specify: … size at randomization CABG sample size at randomization Group 2 outcome 1 Specify: … size at randomization CABG sample size at randomization Group 3 outcome 1 Specify:

4. Research White Paper Biorepositories Addendum Registries For Evaluating Patient Outcomes Third Edition (pdf file)
   effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/biorepositories-registries-guide-3rd-ed-addendum-white-paper.pdf
   February 01, 2018 - Sample Collection and Storage The planning of the repository includes a determination of the sample … Annotations should include the time and date stamp of sample procurement, processing, and when the sample … Sample Procurement Sample procurement protocols will be based on the sample of interest and the clinical … situation leading to sample acquisition. … It should be noted that many participants will have more than one sample and often more than one sample

5. Laboratory Tests | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
   effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/health-topics/laboratory-tests
   November 27, 2018 - Health Topics Laboratory Tests Description Laboratory tests check a sample

6. ADHD Diagnosis and Treatment in Children and Adolescents | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
   effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder/research
   November 01, 2024 - subscales CHAOS test-retest reliability ranged from 0.74 to 0.87 over four subscales in a clinical sample … 74%) using a combination of medical record indicators to 93% using smart chair data in a clinical sample … ranged from 0.61 for individual clinical impressions to 0.92 using smart chair data in a clinical sample … 0.66 using a combination of medical record indicators to 0.98 using smart chair data in a clinical sample … Kappa between a clinician interviewer and clinician observing the interview was 0.46 in a clinical sample

7. Giardia Infections | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
   effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/health-topics/giardia-infections
   Stool sample tests can diagnose it. You often need to collect several samples to test.

8. Disposition of Comments: Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 238 Cervical Ripening in the Outpatient Setting (pdf file)
   effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/cer-238-cervical-ripening-outpatient-setting-comments.pdf
   March 22, 2021 - areas for future research recommendations, such as registry and quality improvement studies, specific sample … Conclusions based on total sample 9,465 women and studies ranked as low or insufficient strength. … Jean Salera- Vieira, AWHONN Discussion Conclusions are based on a total small sample that was unable … We agree that due to the small sample sizes of many of the studies, it is not possible to assess rare … evidence is not strong, and we do recommend future RCTs, in diverse populations, with large enough sample

9. Methods Research Report: Creating Efficiencies in the Extraction of Data From Randomized Trials (pdf file)
   effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-report-creating-efficiencies-extraction-data.pdf
   August 01, 2021 - AHRQ Publication No. 21-EHC006 August 2021 ii Key Messages Purpose of study For a sample … Sample of Randomized Trials We leveraged a random sample of randomized trials originally identified … Sample of Trials Aboud FE, Bougma K, Lemma T, Marquis GS. … Time Savings Data Analysis Results Sample of Randomized Trials A. … Sample of Trials

10. Simulation-Based Comparison of Methods and Meta-Analysis of Proportions and Rates (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/metanalysis-proportion-rate-comparison_research.pdf
    November 01, 2013 - sizes, N* Vectors of sample sizes for the following choices: All sample sizes small (5-50 patients … per study) All sample sizes medium (51-200 patients per study) All sample sizes large (201-1000 patients … All sample sizes small (50-200 person-years per study) b. … All sample sizes medium (201-500 person-years per study) c. … All sample sizes large (501-10000 person-years per study) d.

11. Pharmacologic and Nonpharmacologic Treatments for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: 2024 Update of the Evidence Base for the PTSD Trials Standardized Data Repository | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/ptsd-pharm-non-pharm-treatment-update/research
    March 01, 2025 - Overall, most studies were conducted in the United States (58%) and had sample sizes in the range of … in the United States (48%), and enrolled community (not specifically military) participants (54%); sample … Most studies were conducted in the United States (58%) and had sample sizes ranging from 25 to 99 participants … Studies typically had sample sizes ranging from 25 to 99 participants (61%).

12. App-E-Opioid-Chronic-Pain-Surveill-Report-1 (xls file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/app-e-opioid-chronic-pain-surveill-report-1.xlsx
    January 01, 2021 - Observational quality assessment Author, Year Did the Study Attempt To Enroll All (or a Random Sample … Case control quality assessment Author, Year Did the Study Attempt To Enroll All or Random Sample of

13. App-E-Opioid-Chronic-Pain-Surveillance-Report-2 (xls file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/app-e-opioid-chronic-pain-surveillance-report-2.xlsx
    January 01, 2021 - Observational studies quality assessment Author, Year Did the Study Attempt To Enroll All (or a Random Sample … Case control studies quality assessment Author, Year Did the Study Attempt To Enroll All or Random Sample

14. Zikmund (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/zikmund.pdf
    December 26, 2012 - of risk concepts Slide  7: A Taxonomy  of Risk Concepts table with 3 columns: “Risk Concept,” “Sample … Incremental Probability Slide  8: A Taxonomy of Risk Concepts (2) table with 3 columns: “Risk Concept,” “Sample … • Relative Probability • Absolute Probability • Comparative Probability • Incremental Probability Sample … Normal/Average Slide  9: A Taxonomy of Risk  Concepts (3) table with 3 columns: “Risk Concept,” “Sample … • Relative Probability • Absolute Probability • Comparative Probability1 • Incremental Probability Sample

15. Core Needle and Open Surgical Biopsy for Diagnosis of Breast Lesions — An Update to the 2009 Report | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/breast-biopsy-update/research-protocol
    December 01, 2019 - Fine-needle aspiration, which retrieves a sample of cells, is generally considered less sensitive than … both core-needle and open biopsy methods. 7 Core-needle biopsy, which retrieves a sample of tissue, … Sometimes a vacuum device is used to assist in removing the tissue sample through the needle. … After using the images to determine where to sample, the needle is inserted. … After using the images to determine where to sample, the needle is inserted.

16. Machine Learning Methods in Systematic Reviews: Identifying Quality Improvement Intervention Evaluations (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/machine-learning-quality_research.pdf
    September 01, 2012 - The sample citations were screened by one or both of the expert reviewers independently. … An additional set of reviewers also screened a literature sample. Drs. … In this reference sample, LR‘s acceptance rate was 19.3 percent and PS‘s was 11.8 percent. … Reviewers MD and SH screened a different random sample. … The performance in this reference sample was very similar to the original reviewer set.

17. Methods Future Research Needs Number 8: Framework for Considering Study Designs (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/study-design-framework_research.pdf
    March 01, 2012 - When sample size estimates are provided, the basis for the sample size calculations (e.g., event rates … Unlikely to have significant constraints on sample size. … One can perform high- level sample size calculations. … Size of the study sample may range from small to very large. … Sample sizes are generally modest.

18. App-E-Opioid-Chronic-Pain-Surveillance-Report-3 (xls file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/app-e-opioid-chronic-pain-surveillance-report-3.xlsx
    January 01, 2021 - Observational studies quality assessment Author, Year Did the Study Attempt To Enroll All (or a Random Sample … Case control studies quality assessment Author, Year Did the Study Attempt To Enroll All or Random Sample

19. Pharmacologic and Nonpharmacologic Treatments for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: 2023 Update of the Evidence Base for the PTSD Trials Standardized Data Repository (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/pharma-nonpharma-ptsd-2023-update-executive-summ.pdf
    January 01, 2023 - o Overall, most studies were conducted in the United States (59%) and had sample sizes in the range … in the United States (53%), enrolled community (not specifically military) participants, and had sample … A total of 42,467 participants are represented; sample sizes ranged from 8 to 943 with most studies … The newly added studies had sample sizes ranging from 20 to 916, with most studies having a sample

20. Continuous-Outcomes-Quantitative-Synthesis Methods (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/continuous-outcomes-quantitative-synthesis_methods.pdf
    March 01, 2011 - If the sample size is small and the study obtained the p-value using a two-sample t-test, then the … be used for sample sizes greater than 70. … Look up the sample size on Table 1 and use the given divisor. … a sample size of 30 with a SD of 7.53 for the mean difference. … Sample variance heterogeneity.