Results

Total Results: 2,423 records

Showing results for "risks".

301. Draft Recommendation: Prevention of Acquisition of HIV: Preexposure Prophylaxis | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/draft-recommendation/prevention-human-immunodeficiency-virus-hiv-infection-prep
     December 13, 2022 - However, certain risk factors or behaviors are known to place persons at increased risk of HIV infection … of HIV infection vs. placebo or no PrEP (11 trials, N=18,172; relative risk [RR], 0.46 [95% CI, 0.33 … In six trials where adherence was 70% or greater, the relative risk of HIV acquisition was 0.27 (95% … CI, 0.19 to 0.39), in three trials where adherence was greater than 40% to less than 70%, the relative … were stratified according to HIV risk category (men who have sex with men, men and women at risk via

302. Screening and Interventions for Childhood Overweight: A Systematic Review (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/6desD2XJCQKF8ZDPMS-NU_
     July 01, 2005 - This increase represents a major public health concern with the potential for future health risks and … for overweight) on any of these risks factors or morbidities. … Current literature is primarily cross- sectional, presents relative risks without absolute risks, or … Risks and consequences of childhood and adolescent obesity. … Measurement and long-term health risks of child and adolescent fatness.

303. Screening for Obesity in Children and Adolescents: USPSTF Recommendations Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/PdBbRgWKPMbHfeQeHkM242
     February 01, 2010 - multi- component trials is needed to confirm maintenance of treatment effect and to assess longer-term risks … Other harms, such as risk of exercise-induced injuries, were con- sidered minimal. … that a clini- cian’s assessment should include a BMI calculation as well as medical and behavioral risks … Risks and conse- quences of childhood and adolescent obe- sity. … Incidence and risk factors for perioperative adverse respiratory events in children who are obese.

304. Archived: Drug Abuse: Screening, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/drug-abuse-screening-1996
     January 01, 1996 - Discussion Many Americans face substantial health risks … detected by toxicologic screening. 79 Routine screening in asymptomatic individuals also poses important risks … All pregnant women should be advised about the potential risks to the fetus of drug use during pregnancy … All patients who report potentially harmful use of drugs should be informed of the risks associated with … Perinatal screening for drugs of abuse: reassessment of current practice in a high-risk area.

305. Archived: Vitamin Supplementation to Prevent Cancer and CVD: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/vitamin-supplementation-to-prevent-cancer-and-cvd-counseling-february-2014
     February 15, 2014 - Otherwise, the vitamins reviewed by the USPSTF had few known risks. … Mineral Antioxidants) study 14 , showed a decrease in overall cancer incidence in men (pooled unadjusted relative … The unadjusted relative risk for total cancer incidence was 0.94 (95% CI, 0.87 to 1.00) after 11.2 years … supplementation period, overall cancer incidence was not affected in women but decreased by 31% in men (adjusted relative … risk, 0.69 [95% CI, 0.53 to 0.91]).

306. Recommendation: Statin Use for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/statin-use-in-adults-preventive-medication
     August 23, 2022 - Estimate CVD risk using a CVD risk estimator. … (18 trials; n = 85,816; relative risk [RR], 0.92 [95% CI, 0.87 to 0.98]; absolute risk difference [ARD … statin therapy and myopathy or rhabdomyolysis, although these events were uncommon, so the estimates of relative … discussion for persons at borderline risk, and recommend consideration of risk enhancers to refine risk … Cardiovascular benefits and diabetes risks of statin therapy in primary prevention: an analysis from

307. Final Recommendation Statement: Aspirin Use to Prevent Preeclampsia and Related Morbidity and Mortality: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/RecommendationStatementFinal/low-dose-aspirin-use-for-the-prevention-of-morbidity-and-mortality-from-preeclampsia-preventive-medication
     September 28, 2021 - Predictive models that combine risk factors to identify pregnant persons at risk for preeclampsia, such … It is strengthened by new evidence from additional trials supporting reduced risks of perinatal mortality … The USPSTF found evidence of a reduction in risk for preterm birth (pooled relative risk [RR], 0.80 [ … Persons at risk of preeclampsia are defined based on the presence of 1 or more high-risk factors (history … Risk Level a Risk Factors Recommendation High b History of preeclampsia

308. Archived: Prostate Cancer: Screening, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/prostate-cancer-screening-1996
     January 01, 1996 - Prostate cancer accounted for an estimated 244,000 new cases and 40,400 deaths in the U.S. in 1995. 1 Risk … age-adjusted death rate from prostate cancer increased by over 20% between 1973 and 1991. 3 The lifetime risk … A case-control study found little evidence that DRE screening prevents metastatic disease the relative … risk of metastatic prostate cancer for men with one or more screening DREs compared with men with none … Subjecting these men to the risks of biopsy and treatment is often unwarranted, and many proponents of

309. Archived: Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2) in Adults: Screening, 2003 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/diabetes-mellitus-type-2-in-adults-screening-2003
     February 04, 2003 - Two well‐performed RCTs have shown that tight glycemic control reduces the relative risk for development … Further, there were no reductions in stroke (Relative Risk [RR], 1.11), heart failure (RR, 0.91), angina … events by about the same relative percentage among those with diabetes as among those without diabetes (relative … over a 5‐year period. 48 Aspirin reduces CHD in both diabetics and nondiabetics, with a comparable relative … experience any adverse effect of labeling. 52 Early detection could subject individuals to the potential risks

310. Draft Recommendation: Lung Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/draft-recommendation/lung-cancer-screening1
     July 07, 2020 - is smoking. 2 , 3 Smoking is estimated to account for about 90% of all lung cancer cases, 2 with a relative … Assessment of Risk Smoking and older age are the two most important risk factors for lung cancer. 3- … 5 The relative risk of lung cancer in smokers is approximately 20-fold that of nonsmokers, increases … Overdiagnosis of lung cancer and the risks of radiation exposure are harms, although their exact magnitude … median pack-year smoking history in NELSON trial participants was 38 pack-years. 8 The NLST reported a relative

311. Xt2Uhv4Qyluz8O2Hb A4Yq (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/xt2Uhv4qyLUZ8o2HB_a4YQ
     July 01, 2013 - However, appropriately timed interventions in HIV-positive persons can reduce risks for clinical progression … Better evidence is needed about the long-term harms of ART, including risks for cardiovascular and kidney … It would also be helpful to better elucidate the potential risks and long-term outcomes associated with … study of 1927 serodiscordant heterosexual couples (adjusted relative risk, 8.4 [CI, 4.8 to 15]) (22) … in the annual incidence of myocardial infarc- tion during the first 4 to 6 years of exposure to ART (relative

312. Archived: Osteoporosis: Screening, 2002 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/osteoporosis-screening-2002
     September 17, 2002 - factors or risk assessment instruments for identifying women at risk for osteoporosis or fracture. … Predicting Risk for Osteoporosis or Fracture The USPSTF evaluated both individual risk factors and … than in women at lower risk. … replacement therapy include venous thromboembolic events, endometrial cancer, and cholecystitis, all with relative … risks of approximately 2.0. 12 Both raloxifene and tamoxifen are associated with thromboembolic events

313. Evidence Summary: Osteoporosis to Prevent Fractures: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/osteoporosis-screening
     January 14, 2025 - Screening was associated with reduced hip (pooled relative risk [RR], 0.83 [95% CI, 0.73-0.93]; 3 RCTs … for hip fracture (10-year estimated FRAX risks at baseline ranged from 6.7% to 11.6%). … Merlijn et al, 30 2019 General practice registries in the Netherlands; only women with ≥1 clinical risks … without BMD input into calculation; some studies used electronic health record data to determine FRAX risks … ; RR, relative risk; SCORE, Simple Calculated Osteoporosis Risk Estimation; SOFSURF, Study of Osteoporotic

314. Evidence Summary: Aspirin Use to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/aspirin-to-prevent-cardiovascular-disease-preventive-medication
     April 26, 2022 - 79,334) or nonfatal ischemic stroke (n = 54,947); aspirin was associated with statistically significant relative … Panel III (ATP III) guidelines were published and statin use became more widespread, showed larger relative … risk reductions than RCTs conducted after 2001; confidence intervals of these relative risk estimates … tools for bleeding risks associated with low-dose aspirin use for the primary prevention of CVD. … Effect of proton pump inhibitors on risks of upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding among users of

315. Recommendation: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/human-immunodeficiency-virus-hiv-infection-screening
     June 11, 2019 - of AIDS-related events (4.5% vs 7.0%; relative risk [RR], 0.65 [95% CI, 0.44-0.95]). … initiation of ART within 6 months of CD4 cell counts decreasing to less than 500/mL 3 , there were greater risks … CI, 0.02-0.22]), 34 and 3 observational studies (Partners of People on ART—A New Evaluation of the Risks … treatment of HIV infection are small, and the clinical benefits of ART substantially outweigh the potential risks … Benefits and risks of antiretroviral therapy for perinatal HIV prevention.

316. Evidence Summary: Statin Use for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/statin-use-in-adults-preventive-medication
     August 23, 2022 - Although relative risk estimates were similar across groups, absolute benefits varied according to baseline … Benefits of statins were not restricted to patients with severely elevated lipid levels, because similar relative … Cardiovascular benefits and diabetes risks of statin therapy in primary prevention: an analysis from … Risks associated with statin therapy: a systematic overview of randomized clinical trials. … ALT, alanine aminotransferase; CV, cardiovascular; MA,meta-analysis; MI,myocardial infarction; RR, relative

317. Routine Vitamin Supplementation to Prevent Cancer: A Summary of the Evidence From Randomized Controlled Trials (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/WQn9bgKKtztGXQN9dwUSby
     July 01, 2003 - early for a significant adverse effect of beta-carotene on lung cancer incidence among heavy smokers (relative … ) or mortality.24 9 Routine Vitamin Supplementation to Prevent Cancer All-cause Mortality The relative … Leisure World Study) are now reaching a stage of maturity in which they can provide information on risks … Beta-carotene supplementation for patients with low baseline levels and decreased risks of total and … Summary of cohort studies evidence Note: NS indicates not statistically significant; RR, relative risk

318. Archived: Addendum to Screening for Ovarian Cancer: Evidence Update for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Reaffirmation Recommendation Statement: Ovarian Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/addendum-to-screening-for-ovarian-cancer-evidence-update-for-the-us-preventive-services-task-force-reaffirmation-recommendation-statement/ovarian-cancer-screening-2012
     April 15, 2012 - ovarian cancer mortality was observed in the intervention group compared with those receiving usual care (relative … A patented ovarian cancer risk algorithm was used to assign an ovarian cancer risk score to women in … The risk score classified women as normal, intermediate, or high risk; women with normal results were … conditional multiple logistic regression was mentioned in this unmatched study, which did not present relative … risks).

319. Recommendation: Tobacco Use in Children and Adolescents: Primary Care Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/tobacco-and-nicotine-use-prevention-in-children-and-adolescents-primary-care-interventions
     April 28, 2020 - Assessment of Risk All youth are considered at risk of initiating tobacco use. … The following risk factors may increase the risk of tobacco use in youth: being male, white race, not … pooled: 7.4% vs 9.2% of participants initiated smoking in the intervention groups vs the control groups (relative … reduction of percent smokers after the intervention that was not statistically significant (relative … Overall, behavioral interventions had a relative risk reduction for initiation of smoking of 0.82 (95%

320. Evidence Summary: Chlamydia and Gonorrhea: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/chlamydia-and-gonorrhea-screening
     September 14, 2021 - inflammatory disease (PID) in 2 of 4 trials and with reduced hospital-diagnosed PID (0.24% vs 0.38%); relative … of hospital-diagnosed primary PID (relative risk [RR], 0.6 [95% CI, 0.4-1.0]), the absolute difference … CI, 0.20-0.90) Fair Abbreviations: NR, not reported; PID, pelvic inflammatory disease; RR, relative … risk. … with men; NA, not applicable; PID, pelvic inflammatory disease; RCT, randomized clinical trial; RR, relative