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Total Results: 1,391 records

Showing results for "risks".

101. Archived: Evidence Summary: Aspirin Use to Prevent Cardiovascular Events: Aspirin Use to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Colorectal Cancer: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary-aspirin-to-prevent-cardiovascular/aspirin-to-prevent-cardiovascular-disease-and-cancer-april-2016
     April 11, 2016 - In analyses of all doses, aspirin reduced the risk for nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) (relative … risks (RRs) from the included CVD primary prevention trials evaluating aspirin doses of 100 mg or less … Bleeding risks with aspirin use for primary prevention in adults: a systematic evidence review for the … Figure 1 displays a forest plot of studies reporting the relative risk for the intervention group versus … Figure 2 displays a forest plot of studies reporting the relative risk for the intervention group versus

102. Archived: Evidence Summary: Osteoporosis: Screening, 2002 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/osteoporosis-screening-2002
     September 17, 2002 - density testing to identify fracture risks, effectiveness of treatment in reducing fracture risk, and … This was comparable to the magnitude of the relative risks of most of the other significant predictors … Risk Factor Relative Risk (95% confidence interval) References Age: per 2 years … risk for hip fracture with treatment 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 Relative risk for … Poor-fair: difficult to know how risks impact individual patients.

103. Evidence Summary: Prevention of Child Maltreatment: Primary Care Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/child-maltreatment-primary-care-interventions
     March 19, 2024 - differences between child maltreatment intervention and control groups (68/1751 [3.9%] vs 55/1585 [3.5%]; relative … , risks of further harm to the child, or dissolution of families or worsening of inequities (eTable 51 … No studies reported on harms such as stigma, labeling, legal risks, risks of further harm to the child … The potential risks of false-positive findings (eg, family separation, trauma for the child and parent … ED, emergency department; EPC, Evidence-based Practice Center; KQ, key question; OR, odds ratio; RR, relative

104. Let's Talk About It (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/sites/default/files/2024-04/breast-cancer-screening-lets-talk-about-it-final-rec-discussion-guide.pdf
     January 01, 2024 - This guide is meant to help you and your healthcare professional understand the benefits and risks of … The good news is getting screened for breast cancer every other year can reduce your risk of dying from … at birth who: have no signs or symptoms of breast cancer are 40 to 74 years old are at an average risk … How else can I reduce my risk of breast cancer? … How does my family history and other risk factors affect when I should get breast cancer screening?

105. Screening for Osteoporosis: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/pskqLZMFcHjhtEF75uG4AP
     January 01, 2012 - White women aged 50 to 64 years with equivalent or greater 10-year fracture risks based on specific risk … The FRAX tool also predicts 10-year fracture risks for black, Asian, and Hispanic women in the United … In general, esti- mated fracture risks in nonwhite women are lower than those for white women of the … In a meta-analysis of 7 trials, the relative risk (RR) for vertebral fractures for bisphosphonates compared … Many comments pointed out a lack of clarity about how clinicians can estimate 10-year fracture risks

106. Archived: Evidence Summary: Folic Acid for the Prevention of Neural Tube Defects: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/folic-acid-for-the-prevention-of-neural-tube-defects-preventive-medication-january-2017
     January 10, 2017 - All included primary studies were observational, with attendant risks of misclassification and recall … between maternal folic acid supplementation compared with no use and childhood asthma, with a pooled relative … significant association with wheezing in childhood was associated with exposure in early pregnancy (relative … Both of the risks of bias described above (case ascertainment and recall) will reduce the differences … vitro fertilization; LRTI, lower respiratory tract infection; NR, not reported; OR, odds ratio; RR, relative

107. Archived: Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Screening, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm-screening-1996
     January 01, 1996 - The pathogenesis of aneurysms is not completely understood, but well-established risk factors for AAA … of rupture (25-41% over 5 years) is substantially higher than risks from surgery. 3 While more aggressive … of rupture (25-41% over 5 years) is substantially higher than risks from surgery. 3 While more aggressive … preventing ruptured aneurysms is sufficient to justify the costs of widespread screening and the potential risks … , or smoking) are at highest risk for AAA and death due to ruptured aneurysms.

108. Archived: Reducing Risk for Mother-to-Infant Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus: A Systematic Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force: Hepatitis C: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/reducing-risk-for-mother-to-infant-transmission-of-hepatitis-c-virus-a-systematic-review-for-the-us-preventive-services-task-force/hepatitis-c-screening-2013
     November 15, 2012 - Although antiviral therapies are contraindicated in pregnancy because of teratogenic risks, prenatal … after vaginal or emergent cesarean delivery compared with no cases after 12 elective cesarean births (relative … ratio, 6.7 [CI, 1.1 to 36]), but another, larger good-quality study ( n  = 724) found no association (relative … Paediatric Hepatitis C Virus Network; HCV = hepatitis C virus; NR = not reported; OR = odds ratio; RR = relative … risk; SD = standard deviation

109. Screening for Osteoporosis to Prevent Fractures: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/hhrqMCEgbsBMJ_Ppbcp4yJ
     January 14, 2025 - measured at the femoral neck.24,26 Risks predicted by FRAX alone and by BMD alone are similar, but both … thresholds at the individual level to account for additional risks (eg, fall risk) not considered in … The pooled relative risk (RR) for the effect of screening on hip fractures was 0.83 (95% CI, 0.73-0.93 … Relative risk estimates were imprecise and CIs were wide in all these studies.1,46 One cohort study of … Development of prognostic nomograms for individualizing 5-year and 10-year fracture risks.

110. Aspirin for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/Q4J7tsThw_6nwfB-p-f5Hp
     March 01, 2009 - Thus, decisions about aspirin therapy should con- sider the overall risks for coronary heart disease … Women The net benefit of aspirin depends on the initial risks for stroke and gastrointestinal bleeding … Shared decision making should be encouraged with women for whom the potential benefits and risks for … The WHS reported benefit with aspirin use in stroke re- duction (relative risk [RR], 0.83 [95% CI, 0.69 … is sufficiently high for the benefits to outweigh the risks as- sociated with treatment (a 10-year risk

111. Folic Acid Supplementation to Prevent Neural Tube Defects: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/4TToeya43r5Qc5A6TjFGWS
     August 01, 2023 - with folic acid supplementation taken before pregnancy (adjusted relative risk [aRR], 0.54 [95% CI, 0.31 … new trials can be conducted on this topic New studies must rely on observational data with inherent risks … comparisons and outcomes31-41 Variable measures of outcomes and exposure, all observation studies with risks … by timing31,33,34,40,41 Variable measures of outcomes and exposure, all observational studies with risks … trial; RR, relative risk.

112. Nontraditional Risk Factors in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/_nVeFxDCT9L-_cnDf_V3fK
     July 17, 2018 - Nontraditional Risk Factors in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic … For the Framingham Risk Score–based analyses, which used 3 risk strata, the top 2 risk strata (10%-20% … POPADAD, Prevention of Progression of Arterial Disease and Diabetes; RCT, randomized clinical trial; RR, relative … Combining risk markers improves cardiovascular risk prediction in women. … Comparison of novel risk markers for improvement in cardiovascular risk assessment in intermediate-risk

113. Evidence Summary: Folic Acid Supplementation to Prevent Neural Tube Defects: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/folic-acid-for-the-prevention-of-neural-tube-defects-preventive-medication
     August 01, 2023 - with folic acid supplementation taken before pregnancy (adjusted relative risk [aRR], 0.54 [95% CI, 0.31 … 2013. 6 The authors performed this stratified analysis because they found that the overall adjusted relative … new trials can be conducted on this topic New studies must rely on observational data with inherent risks … comparisons and outcomes 31-41 Variable measures of outcomes and exposure, all observation studies with risks … 31 , 33 , 34 , 40 , 41 Variable measures of outcomes and exposure, all observational studies with risks

114. Shared Decision Making About Screening and Chemoprevention | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/about-uspstf/methods-and-processes/shared-decision-making-about-screening-and-chemoprevention
     January 01, 2017 - Understands the preventive service, including the risks, benefits, alternatives, and uncertainties. … Understand the preventive service, including the risks, benefits, alternatives, and uncertainties. … For instance, the presentation of probabilities as relative risk reductions are more persuasive than … presentations as absolute risk reductions; by contrast, presentations of probabilities as absolute risk … Patients' understanding of medical risks: implications for genetic counseling. 

115. Archived: Physical Activity Promotion: Behavioral Counseling, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/physical-activity-promotion-behavioral-counseling-1996
     January 01, 1996 - Two recent large studies provide estimates of the relative risk of triggering myocardial infarctions … These relative risks are 2.1 (95% confidence interval, 1.6 to 3.1) 109 and 5.9 (4.6-7.7), 110 respectively … As the frequency of exercise per week increased, the relative risk of infarction during vigorous activity … First, given the sizable independent relative risk for impaired health in sedentary individuals together … Risks of exercising: cardiovascular, including sudden cardiac death.

116. Information for Professionals | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation-topics/tools-and-resources-for-better-preventive-care
     assist clinicians in asking patients about their health behaviors and, if patients are found to be at risk … The clinician can motivate patients to consider a quit attempt with the "5 R's": Relevance, Risks, Rewards … Doris Duke Foundation, offers a practical approach to the identification and management of targeted risk

117. Shared Decision-Making About Screening and Chemoprevention: A Suggested Approach (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/sites/default/files/inline-files/sharedba.pdf
     January 01, 2004 - of the disease or condition to be prevented; 2) understands the preventive service, including the risks … For instance, the presentation of probabilities as relative risk reductions are more persuasive than … presentations as absolute risk reductions; by contrast, presentations of probabilities as absolute risk … Understand the preventive service, including the risks, benefits, alternatives, and uncertainties; 3 … Patients’ understanding of medical risks: implications for genetic counseling.

118. Evidence Summary: Breast Cancer: Medication Use to Reduce Risk | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/breast-cancer-medications-for-risk-reduction
     September 03, 2019 - Estimates of risk ratios (RRs [rate ratio, hazard ratio, or relative risk]) and their standard errors … Risks for thromboembolic events and endometrial cancer with tamoxifen were higher for older compared … The NSABP P-1 placebo-controlled trial of tamoxifen reported point estimates consistent with higher risks … Cuzick et al, 42 2002 Cuzick et al, 80 2007 Cuzick et al, 74 2015 3573 3566 2-fold relative … Tamoxifen and anastrozole had more effects for women with previous breast lesions (LCIS, ADH, ALH) Risks

119. Evidence Summary: Cardiovascular Disease: Risk Assessment With Nontraditional Risk Factors | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary--html/cardiovascular-disease-screening-using-nontraditional-risk-assessment
     July 10, 2018 - For the Framingham Risk Score–based analyses, which used 3 risk strata, the top 2 risk strata (10%-20% … Combining risk markers improves cardiovascular risk prediction in women. … Comparison of novel risk markers for improvement in cardiovascular risk assessment in intermediate-risk … POPADAD, Prevention of Progression of Arterial Disease and Diabetes; RCT, randomized clinical trial; RR, relative … risk.

120. Reconsidering the Approach to Prevention Recommendations for Older Adults | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/about-uspstf/methods-and-processes/reconsidering-approach-prevention-recommendations-older-adults
     February 01, 2014 - Multifactorial Nature of Conditions Disease or disability in geriatric populations can result from many small risks … acting together, and different persons will have different component risks as part of a higher risk … risk category. … to increase risk for falls. … However, the specific risks vary for the individual patient.