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Total Results: 2,110 records

Showing results for "risks".

381. Considering the Range of Decision-Relevant Effects (ppt file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/medical-test-reviews-choosing-outcomes.ppt
     June 01, 2012 - Outcomes may affect the balance of test benefits/risks. … These outcomes may affect the balance between the benefits and risks of a test. … Low risk for preterm delivery Average risk for preterm delivery High risk for preterm delivery … , including a procedural risk that computerized tomography does not have. … In this example, the comparison test carries comparable or greater risks.

382. Masks for Prevention of COVID-19 in Community and Healthcare Settings: Surveillance Report (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/masks-surveillance-2-report.pdf
     October 01, 2020 - MERS- CoV Community settings: Masks (type not specified) are possibly associated with decreased risk … in moderate or higher risk settings. … versus cloth masks in moderate or higher risk settings. … in lower risk (outpatient) settings. … One new observational study1 on mask use and versus no use risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare

383. Grading Strength of Evidence: Interactive Quiz (ppt file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/grading-quiz.ppt
     May 29, 2025 - Individual studies are rated for their internal validity or risk of bias. … Only one of these is quality (risk of bias) of the individual studies. … Risk of bias, consistency, directness, and precision Risk of bias, consistency, directness, precision … The four required domains are risk of bias (i.e., quality ratings for individual studies with respect … The four required domains are risk of bias, consistency, directness, and precision.

384. Grading Strength of Evidence: Interactive Quiz (ppt file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/grading-quiz.ppt
     May 29, 2025 - Individual studies are rated for their internal validity or risk of bias. … Only one of these is quality (risk of bias) of the individual studies. … Risk of bias, consistency, directness, and precision Risk of bias, consistency, directness, precision … The four required domains are risk of bias (i.e., quality ratings for individual studies with respect … The four required domains are risk of bias, consistency, directness, and precision.

385. Partial Breast Irradiation for Breast Cancer (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/partial-breast-irradiation-disposition-comments.pdf
     January 31, 2023 - Can risks/benefits be used instead? … Risk/benefit terminology may imply that we did some sort of risk benefit analysis. … The findings were generated from subgroup analyses and suffer higher risk of bias. … of recurrence (with all the caveats of risk & benefit & patient preference discussed). … agree with the AHRQ review that there is currently insufficient data to draw conclusions about the risks

386. Therapies for Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer: Evidence Summary (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/prostate-cancer-therapies-summary.pdf
     September 01, 2020 - Effects may not vary by patient or tumor risk factors. … Results may not vary by patient or tumor risk characteristics. … Retrospective observational studies often had a high risk of bias. … Age and tumor risk category may be important effect modifiers. … reduction due to RP may be limited to intermediate-risk disease or age <65 years.

387. Long-Term Drug Therapy and Drug Holidays for Osteoporotic Fracture Prevention (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/research-protocol-osteoporosis_2.pdf
     October 05, 2018 - Because risks of hip, vertebral and other fractures rise steeply with age, and because the population … of infection, teriparatide increases risk of hypercalcemia, raloxifene increases risk of hot flashes … [e.g., past fracture, BMD or fracture risk calculator]). … All eligible studies first will be assessed for risk of bias (see IV.E. for details of risk of bias … assess each eligible study for risk of bias in its design, analysis and reporting.[18] Risk of bias

388. Making Healthcare Safer IV_Rapid Response: Use of Report Cards and Outcome Measurements To Improve the Safety of Surgical Care (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/mhs-IV-rapid-response-surgical-report-cards.pdf
     November 01, 2023 - The National Veterans Administration Surgical Risk Study: risk adjustment for the comparative assessment … Using risk-adjusted outcomes to assess clinical practice: an overview of issues pertaining to risk adjustment … The National Veterans Administration Surgical Risk Study: risk adjustment for the comparative assessment … 30-day mortality (relative risk [RR] 0.96, 95% CI, 0.89– 1.03), serious complications (RR 0.96, 95% … Data Bank; O/E = observed vs expected ratio; PDSA = Plan Do Study Act; PE = pulmonary embolism; RR = relative

389. Rheumatoid-Arthritis-Medicine Surveillance (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/rheumatoid-arthritis-medicine_surveillance.pdf
     March 01, 2013 - (Low) RCTs of early RA treatment showed no difference in risk of serious infection or risk of malignancy … Biologics neither decreased nor increased cardiovascular risks in the elderly. … Risk did not differ significantly by specific drug. … MTX not associated with reduced risk. … Biologics neither decreased nor increased cardiovascular risks in the elderly.

390. Rheumatoid-Arthritis-Medicine Surveillance (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/rheumatoid-arthritis-medicine_surveillance.pdf
     March 01, 2013 - (Low) RCTs of early RA treatment showed no difference in risk of serious infection or risk of malignancy … Biologics neither decreased nor increased cardiovascular risks in the elderly. … Risk did not differ significantly by specific drug. … MTX not associated with reduced risk. … Biologics neither decreased nor increased cardiovascular risks in the elderly.

391. Executive Summary - Living Systematic Review on Cannabis and Other Plant-Based Treatments for Chronic Pain: 2023 Update (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-250-cannabis-executive-summary-2023-update.pdf
     January 01, 2023 - There may be a large increased risk of dizziness and sedation and a moderate increased risk of nausea … of sedation, and potential increased risk of nausea versus placebo. … Synthetic THC is probably associated with a large increased risk of dizziness. … -point scale • SMD >0.8 • RR/OR ≥2.0 Abbreviations: MD = mean difference; OR = odds ratio; RR = relative … risk; SMD = standardized mean difference.

392. Draft - Primary Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy for Localized Prostate Cancer: Appendix D2 Tables (xls file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/hypofractionated-radiation-therapy-draft-appendix-d2.xlsx
     January 01, 2024 - …Three treatment groups were defined based on risk of seminal vesicle involvement: group 1 had a risk … of 10% or less; group 2 had a risk of 10–25%; group 3 had a risk of higher than 25%. … of seminal vesicle involvement: group 1 had a risk of ≤10%; group 2 had a risk of 10–25%; group 3 had … a risk of >25%. … Prostate + Seminal Vesicles SBRT,IGRT,VMAT Yes ADT (6 mo intermediate risk, 18 mo high risk) Yes Yes

393. Ptsd-Adult-Treatment Executive (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/ptsd-adult-treatment_executive.pdf
     April 01, 2013 - Risk-of-Bias Assessment of Individual Studies To assess the risk of bias (internal validity) of studies … fluoxetine, paroxetine, and sertraline—most of the evidence was insufficient to determine whether risks … Findings were insufficient to determine whether the risks of other adverse events are increased. … approaches are more effective for victims of particular types of trauma or to determine comparative risks … The psychological risks of Vietnam for U.S. veterans: a revisit with new data and methods.

394. Transparency of Reporting Requirements: Tympanostomy Tubes (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/transparency-tympanostomy_research-protocol.pdf
     September 02, 2016 - this methodology report is to examine the feasibility and additional utility—in terms of impact on risk … For newly found studies, we will record additional data and assess their risk of bias. … We will apply the same risk of bias assessments as in the original review. … There is interest in comparative effectiveness of tympanostomy tubes in high-risk and at-risk populations … Many randomized trials are relatively small, limiting their ability to define risks of less common harms

395. Dispostion of Comments Report for Screening for Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Adults (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/hepatitis-c-screening_disposition-comments.pdf
     November 27, 2012 - perioperative mortality (the largest series of patients with HCV infection found no deaths) as well as risks … of CV events, and large risks of long-term impotence/ incontinence). … These risks should be noted in the background section. Thank you for your comment. … testing (if treatment is effective) unless there is a compelling cost reason to avoid it or the risks … the limited time available in primary care visits and the awkwardness of discussing the behavioral risks

396. Nephropathy-Contrast-Induced Research-Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/nephropathy-contrast-induced_research-protocol.pdf
     October 01, 2013 - or both), duration, and type of intravascular fluids used to prevent CIN15; and d) the comparative risks … The IA route may confer more risk than the IV use,5, 20, 21 but that risk may be confounded by the pre-existing … This emphasizes the need for a comprehensive evidence-based synthesis of risks for patients undergoing … ● High or moderate risk patients (as defined by clinical or demographic risk factors such as age … Assessment of Methodological Risk of Bias of Individual Studies – The assessment of risk of bias will

397. Chronic-Urinary-Retention Research (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/chronic-urinary-retention_research.pdf
     September 01, 2014 - Intent To Treat Groups Similar at Baseline Other Risks of Bias Overall Risk of Bias … group (19/29) no longer needed catheterization compared to the delayed implant group (2/22) with a relative … Insufficient PVR (ml), adjusted MD -135 [95%CI -233 to -37] Moderate Indirect Precise Single study Low RR = relative … 1068 [95% CI --1493to -643 ] Moderate Indirect Precise Single study Low SR=systematic review; RR = relative … 95% CI -47 to 0.63] Moderate Indirect Precise Single study Low Single study = not applicable; RR = relative

398. EHC Research Protocol (Amended): Treatments for Acute Episodic Migraine (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/migraine-treatments-research-amended-protocol.pdf
     January 09, 2020 - In addition to effectiveness, decisionmakers need information on potential adverse risks, and special … Frequent use of acute pharmacologic treatments carries the risk of medication overuse headache (MOH) … Assessment of the Risk of Bias of Individual Studies: We will evaluate the risk of bias of the included … studies (in a particular comparison) have high or unclear risk of bias. … RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials.

399. Evidence Report on the (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/kidney-disease-medicine_research-protocol.pdf
     November 01, 2010 - and burden is decreased by competing risks such as short life expectancy. … Studies will be rated as Good (low risk of bias), Fair, or Poor (high risk of bias) as described in … Chronic kidney disease and the risks of death, cardiovascular events, and hospitalization. … Renal function and risk of hip and vertebral fractures in older women. … CKD and risk of hospitalization and death with pneumonia.

400. Systematic Review on Acute Treatments for Episodic Migraine: Surveillance Report 1 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/episodic-migraine-surveillance-report-1.pdf
     June 01, 2022 - risk Low risk Low risk Ashina, 20213 High risk Moderate risk Low risk High risk Low risk Low risk … Moderate risk Low risk Low risk Low risk Low risk Hodgson, 20216 Low risk Low risk Low risk Low risk … Low risk Low risk Hokenek, 20217 Low risk Low risk Low risk Low risk Low risk Moderate risk Kandil … Low risk Low risk Low risk Low risk Lipton, 202110 High risk High risk Low risk Low risk Low risk Low … Abbreviations: AE = adverse event; CI = confidence interval; mg = milligram; N/A = not applicable; RR = relative