Results

Total Results: 2,110 records

Showing results for "risks".

321. Untitled (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/heart-disease-ace-inhibitor-arb_surveillance.pdf
     July 06, 2015 - The ACE inhibitor ramipril and the ARB telmisartan have similar efficacy, similar risks of harms, and … better in lower risk patients while ACE inhibitors work better in higher risk patients. … ejection fraction; NYHA=New York Heart Association; EF=ejection fraction; CHD=coronary heart disease; RR=relative … identified three meta-analyses comparing combination therapy to ACEIs alone; efficacy, similar risks … work better in lower risk patients while ACE inhibitors work better in higher risk patients.

322. Disposition of Comments for Comparative Effectiveness of Therapies for Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer: An Update of a 2008 Systematic Review (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/prostate-cancer-therapies-update_disposition-comments.pdf
     December 16, 2014 - Effect of age, tumor risk, and comorbidity on competing risks for survival in a US population-based … study suggests that PC death in the PIVOT study was diluted by deaths from other causes or competing risks … For example, KQ1 is: “What are the comparative risks and benefits of the following therapies for clinically … surveillance or watchful waiting – these could be considered separate if desired) What are the comparative risks … Effect of age, tumor risk, and comorbidity on competing risks for survival in a U.S.

323. Methods Guide for Medical Test Reviews Chapter 12 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-tests-prognostic_methods.pdf
     July 01, 2012 - the means are highly significantly different.16,17 Statistically significant associations (hazard, relative … interested in these associations, there are well established methods for summarizing estimates of hazard, relative … group and 25 percent of the 400 people in the higher risk group. … ” and “don’t treat those at low risk.” … Assessing the value of risk predictions by using risk stratification tables.

324. Disposition of Comments Report for Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/atrial-fibrillation_disposition-comments.pdf
     June 28, 2013 - TEP #5 General The authors used OR to measure benefit (or lack of), why not using RR (relative risk) … Although relative risks are a sometimes a bit easier to understand than ORs, when rates are low, ORs … approximate RRs, making the odds ratios and relative risks nearly the same. … some low-risk patients. … To say the risk ranges from 3-8% is incorrect.

325. Ch-7-User-Guide-To-Ocer 130129 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/ch-7-user-guide-to-ocer_130129.pdf
     March 29, 2012 - Causal graph illustrating a baseline risk factor (C 0 ) for the outcome (Y 1 ). … pressure after treatment is initiated (C 1 ), is unnecessary and is likely to induce bias2 toward a relative … risk of 1.0, though the direction can sometimes be in the opposite direction. … A deep understanding of the specific clinical and public health risks and opportunities that lie behind … Confounding by indication and channeling over time: the risks of beta 2-agonists.

326. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/cystic-fibrosis-hgh_research-protocol.pdf
     August 22, 2008 - KQ 5: What is the risk of malignancy associated with rhGH use as determined by: a) markers of cancer … Follman and colleagues will be used.22 For dichotomous endpoints, weighted averages will be reported as relative … risks (RRs) with associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs). … We will first assess the risk of bias based on the study designs of the available evidence. … Newborn screening for cystic fibrosis: evaluation of benefits and risks and recommendations for state

327. Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Analgesics for Osteoarthritis—An Update of the 2006 Report. (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/osteoarthritis-pain-disposition-120516.pdf
     October 01, 2011 - Age: You make important points about absolute vs. relative risk. … sentence in question in the Executive Summary is referring to the finding in meta-analysis that the relative … clear association between longer duration of therapy with COX-2 selective NSAIDs and increase in the relative … Regarding differential risks in older patients, as noted in the Results (page 83, starting line 50): … what the review covers, major new evidence covered in the review, and the unique trade-offs between risks

328. high-cholesterol-medicines-update-protocol-130516 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/high-cholestorol-medicines-update_research-protocol.pdf
     December 31, 2013 - These high-risk individuals have a 10-year CHD risk greater than 20 percent, and their LDL-c target … Moderate- risk patients are those with two or more risk factors and a 10-year CHD risk less than 20 … (10-year CHD risk ≥ 20% and/or a mean LDL ≥ 190 mg/dL) and moderate CVD risk (10-year CHD risk 10–20% … DerSimonian and Laird formula for continuous outcomes.37 We will calculate a pooled effect estimate of the relative … stratified by CHD risk.

329. RESPONSE TO REQUEST FOR WORK ASSIGNMENT (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/copd-anticholinergic-medicines_research.pdf
     December 01, 2009 - Tiotropium in combination with two other medications was associated with increased risk of mortality … TIO+IPRA+ICS, TIO+LABA+IPRA, TIO+THEO+IPRA, etc.) where there was an increased risk of mortality (HR … Second, medications used in combination with tiotropium may be associated with increased risks and therefore … This is particularly true if risks reported for ipratropium represent a class effect for anticholinergic … If this is the case, our study design is not optimal for identifying risks associated with tiotropium

330. An analytical framework for quantifying components of variability in prescriber decisions (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/instrumental-variable-methods_research.pdf
     April 01, 2010 - Simultaneous assessment of short-term gastrointestinal benefits and cardiovascular risks of selective … range. 5 However, in medicine and epidemiology interest often focuses on ratio measures such as relative … risks or rates. … structural nested mean model of Robins, 61 Hernan and Robins 5 provide an estimator of the causal relative … risk.

331. Maternal Morbidity and Mortality (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/product/pdf/mmm-draft-protocol-amendment.pdf
     February 02, 2022 - factor; rather, racism puts mothers at risk. … Our findings will help improve understanding of maternal morbidity and mortality by characterizing risks … reviewers will assess risk of bias of included studies. … Maternal morbidity and risk of death at delivery hospitalization. … / or logistic models/ or Probability/ or Predictive Value of Tests/ or risk assessment/ or risk management

332. Executive summary_Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 250_Living Systematic Review on Cannabis and Other Plant-Based Treatments for Chronic Pain: 2024 Update (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-250-cannabis-2024-surv-rep-update-executive-sum.pdf
     January 01, 2024 - There may be a large increased risk of dizziness and sedation (SOE: low) and a moderate increased risk … THC plus CBD is probably associated with large increased risk of nausea (SOE: moderate). … -point scale • SMD >0.8 • RR/OR ≥2.0 Abbreviations: MD = mean difference; OR = odds ratio; RR = relative … risk; SMD = standardized mean difference. … , nausea, sedation); high THC to CBD products were also associated with increased risk of study WAEs

333. Antibiotics-Respiratory-Infection Clinician (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/antibiotics-respiratory-infection_clinician.pdf
     March 01, 2016 - antibiotic prescribing (and, in some cases, improve appropriate prescribing) without increasing the risk … associated with an increased number of days with moderately severe symptoms and possibly increased risk … infection; OR = odds ratio; PCR = polymerase chain reaction; RCT = randomized controlled trial; RR = relative … risk; RTI = respiratory tract infection; SOE = strength of evidence; SR = systematic review; URTI … AOM = acute otitis media; CI = confidence interval; RCT = randomized controlled trial; RR = relative

334. Dietary Saturated Fat Replacement and Plasma Lipid and Cardiovascular Events (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/saturated-fat-replacement-protocol.pdf
     January 01, 2024 - study for risk of bias and methodological quality during data extraction. … , is at high risk, then the trial will be considered to be at moderate risk of bias ● If two or more … risk, then the trial will be considered to be at high risk of bias ● Trials with no identified risk … The Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. … ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non- randomised studies of interventions.

335. Dietary Intake of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Plasma Lipid and Cardiovascular Events (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/polyunsaturated-fatty-protocol.pdf
     January 01, 2024 - study for risk of bias and methodological quality during data extraction. … , is at high risk, then the trial will be considered to be at moderate risk of bias ● If two or more … risk, then the trial will be considered to be at high risk of bias ● Trials with no identified risk … The Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. … ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non- randomised studies of interventions.

336. FRN 40 - Screening for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): Future Research Needs (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/mrsa-screening_research.pdf
     June 01, 2013 - attempt to measure the favorable impact of screening for MRSA-carriage while ignoring its potential risks … Knowledge about risk factors can be used to identify high risk populations suitable as target groups … Patients with these risk factors, especially mutable risk factors, may then be targeted for prevention … of study design for producing a valid result Prospective cohort studies permit calculation of relative … Permits estimation of relative risk through an odds ratio.

337. Prostate-Cancer-Therapies-Update Research-Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/prostate-cancer-therapies-update_research-protocol.pdf
     April 01, 2013 - reduction in prostate cancer mortality, a relative risk reduction of 44 Source: http://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov … Institutes of Health (NIH) State-of-the Science Conference in December 2011 to better understand the risks … The KQs we will address are as follows: Key Question 1 What are the comparative risks and benefits … of bias, the study neither meets the criteria for low risk of bias nor the criteria for high risk of … to establish study risk of bias.

338. Fatty-Acids-Cardiovascular-Disease Research-Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/fatty-acids-cardiovascular-disease_research-protocol.pdf
     April 02, 2015 - For RCTs, we will use the Cochrane risk of bias tool (38), which asks about risk of selection bias, … levels of intake), d) account for the grouping of data by study, and e) allow for different baseline risks … Report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Consultation on the Risks and Benefits of Fish Consumption. … Institute of Medicine, Committee on Nutrient Relationships in Seafood: Selections to Balance Benefits and Risks … Seafood Choices; Balancing Benefits and Risks.

339. Layout 1 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/ischemic-stroke-treatment_executive.pdf
     January 01, 2011 - need for alternative methods of revascularization which can improve outcomes without increasing the risk … (1) allow patients to avoid or reduce the use of pharmacologic thrombolysis, thereby minimizing the risk … In addition, the procedure itself carries risks, including the need for intubation and heavy sedation … Studies also enrolled patients with contraindications to receive IV rtPA due to risks of adverse events

340. Hepatitis-C-Screening Executive (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/hepatitis-c-screening_executive.pdf
     November 01, 2012 - The strongest risk factor for HCV infection is injection drug use. … While antiviral therapies are contraindicated in pregnancy due to teratogenic risks, identification … factors miss a substantial proportion of infected patients, in part due to undisclosed or unknown risks … Description of a new hepatitis C risk assessment tool. … The incidence and risks of liver biopsy in non-cirrhotic patients: An evaluation of 3806 biopsies.