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Total Results: 2,110 records

Showing results for "risks".

2081. Intermittent Inhalded Corticosteroids and Long-Acting Muscarinic Antagonists for Asthma (pdf file)
      effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-194-evidence-summary-corticosteroids-asthma.pdf
      October 01, 2017 - ICS controller • Does affect: – The risk of exacerbations requiring oral corticosteroids (low SOE) … combined with LABA as controller and quick relief vs. a higher ICS controller dose • Reduces the risk … ICS and LABA as controller at the same ICS dose • Reduces the risk of exacerbations measured as a … ICS controller • Does not affect the risk of exacerbations, regardless of definition (low SOE) • … ICS and LABA as controller at the same ICS dose • Reduces: – The risk of exacerbations defined as

2082. Disposition of Comments Report for Decision Aids for Cancer Screening and Treatment (pdf file)
      effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cancer-decision-support-tools_disposition-comments.pdf
      December 23, 2014 - There is a world behind this (risk communication science, framing risks in various ways (Gigerenzer, … , high risk, early cancer) and additional intervention characteristics. … their average baseline risk.” … Change to : “accuracy of perception of mortality risks . . .” … risk probabilities but 22 studies were for prostate cancer.

2083. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
      effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/progestogens-preterm-birth_research-protocol.pdf
      June 01, 2010 - critical gaps in our knowledge, particularly with regard to identifying and treating women at high risk … If all at-risk pregnant women were treated with 17-OHP, the aggregate medical cost savings could be … could be more than $2 billion.10 The ultimate goal in preventing preterm birth is to eliminate the risks … In general, the figure illustrates how the use of progestogens in women at risk for preterm birth may … A woman’s risk of preterm birth is determined by risk factors such as http://www.effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov

2084. VTE Surveillance Assessment_49_low_SPI (pdf file)
      effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/blood-clots-hip-knee-surgery_surveillance.pdf
      December 01, 2012 - of proximal and distal DVT (relative risk reduction [RRR] 47 percent and 41 percent, respectively) … mechanical prophylaxis (intermittent pneumatic compression and venous foot pump) versus control, the risks … For example, if relative risk reduction (RRR) new / RRR old <=0.5 or RRR new / RRR old >=1.5. … of proximal and distal DVT (relative risk reduction [RRR] 47 percent and 41 percent, respectively), … mechanical prophylaxis (intermittent pneumatic compression and venous foot pump) versus control, the risks

2085. worker-health-protocol-150526 (pdf file)
      effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/worker-health_research-protocol.pdf
      May 26, 2015 - mortality, morbidity, and considerable financial and social costs.1-3 At the same time, modifiable risk … Community Preventive Services Task Force recommends worksite interventions (assessments of health risks … A study with moderate risk of bias is susceptible to some risk of bias but probably not enough to invalidate … A study assessed as high risk of bias has significant risk of bias (e.g., stemming from serious issues … Two independent reviewers will assess risk of bias for each study.

2086. Ch 2-User-Guide-To-Ocer 130129 (pdf file)
      effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/ch_2-user-guide-to-ocer_130129.pdf
      January 01, 2011 - Incidence is generally assessed as a risk/proportion over a fixed time period (e.g., risk for 1-year … estimation of risk or rate differences. … Controls were only sampled from the “risk set.” … The cohort design has the added advantage that absolute risks or incidence rates can be estimated and … Statin adherence and risk of accidents: a cautionary tale.

2087. Grading_didactic_faculty_approved (ppt file)
      effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/grading.ppt
      January 01, 2010 - grade Four Required Domains: Risk of Bias Four Required Domains: Risk of Bias The risk of bias for … Risk-of-bias scores are denoted as high, medium, or low. … High risk of bias lowers the strength-of-evidence grade; low risk of bias raises the strength-of-evidence … Guiding Principles: Risk of Bias Guiding Principles: Risk of Bias The risk of bias based on the design … Guiding Principles: Risk of Bias Example Guiding Principles: Risk of Bias Example This is an example

2088. Grading_didactic_faculty_approved (ppt file)
      effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/grading.ppt
      January 01, 2013 - grade Four Required Domains: Risk of Bias The risk of bias for an evidence base is derived from assessing … Risk-of-bias scores are denoted as high, medium, or low. … High risk of bias lowers the strength-of-evidence grade; low risk of bias raises the strength-of-evidence … DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2009.03.009 Guiding Principles: Risk of Bias Risk of bias (given design … Guiding Principles: Risk of Bias The risk of bias based on the design and conduct of the available studies

2089. GRADING THE STRENGTH OF A BODY OF EVIDENCE (pdf file)
      effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-grading-strength_methods.pdf
      July 01, 2009 - Risk of Bias As noted in Table 1, the risk of bias for an evidence base will be derived from assessment … of the risk of bias in individual studies. … Risk of bias incorporates both study design and study conduct. … High risk of bias lowers the strength-of-evidence grade; low risk of bias raises it. … of bias: • Low risk of bias • Medium risk of bias • High risk of bias Consistency The principal

2090. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
      effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/hepatitis-c-screening_research-protocol.pdf
      October 20, 2011 - evaluated the effectiveness of treatment for HCV infection within the context of screening and risk … Does becoming aware of positive HCV infection status decrease high-risk behaviors? c. … High-risk sexual behaviors c. … Screening of the general population versus “targeted” high-risk groups (KQ 2) 3. … Assessment of Methodological Risk of Bias of Individual Studies We will assess the risk of bias

2091. Untitled (pdf file)
      effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/aggression_research-protocol.pdf
      October 05, 2015 - First, a key clinical and policy question is how to best balance the benefits and risks of (a) seclusion … We envision a continuum of risk and behavior. … Assessment of Methodological Risk of Bias of Individual Studies To minimize risk of bias in observational … That is, a low-risk-of- bias nonrandomized study does not necessarily equal a low-risk-of-bias randomized … To determine risk of bias in a standardized way, we will use the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool to appraise

2092. Renal-Cancer Research-Protocol (pdf file)
      effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/renal-cancer_research-protocol.pdf
      April 20, 2015 - renal mass (oncologic outcomes, renal functional outcomes, complications) as well as competing health risks … Assessment of Methodological Risk of Bias of Individual Studies: The assessment of risk of bias of … Risk of bias judgment Overall bias Risk of bias judgment Table 4. … Risk: Low/High/Unclear Archived: This report is greater than 3 years old. … of bias: • Low risk of bias • Medium risk of bias • High risk of bias Well designed and executed

2093. Evaluation of Effectiveness and Safety of Antiepileptic Medications in Patients With Epilepsy (pdf file)
      effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/epilepsy-medicine_research-protocol.pdf
      February 01, 2008 - proposed by Follman and colleagues.43 For dichotomous endpoints, weighted averages will be reported as relative … risks with associated 95 percent confidence intervals. … expected, a DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model will be used when pooling data and calculating relative … risks and 95 percent confidence intervals. … The risk of bias will be assessed through the evaluation of both design and study limitations.

2094. First- and Second-Generation Antipsychotics in Children and Young Adults: Systematic Review Update--Executive Summary (pdf file)
      effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/antipsychotics-children-update_executive.pdf
      January 01, 2018 - for ROB. g Downgraded for ROB and imprecision because of small event rates; confidence intervals of relative … risks ranged between 0.02 to 5.0, to 0.06 to 48.1). 13 Bipolar Disorder Of 19 studies examining … Risks for somnolence and EPS symptoms may be of little or no difference for low- versus high- dose risperidone … in risk for akathisia. … It may increase risk for any EPS symptoms.

2095. Tonsillectomy for Obstructive Sleep-Disordered Breathing or Recurrent Throat Infection in Children (pdf file)
      effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/tonsillectomy_executive.pdf
      January 01, 2017 - We considered 67 studies to have low risk of bias, 110 to have moderate risk, and 41 to have high risk … cohort studies had high risk. … Eighteen studies had low risk of bias, 28 had moderate risk, and 13 had high risk. … Twenty-two studies had low risk of bias; 36 had moderate risk; and 12 had high risk. … balance needs for relief of illness-related outcomes (including missing school and work) with the risks

2096. Disposition of Comments Report for Core Needle and Open Surgical Biopsy for Diagnosis of Breast Lesions: An Update to the 2009 Report (pdf file)
      effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/breast-biopsy-update_disposition-comments.pdf
      September 10, 2014 - Also, in Table C, it is not clear whether “high risk” refers to high risk women, or a high risk lesion … Because over-diagnosis is the end result of lead time (due to screening) and competing risks (specifically … Because over-diagnosis is the end result of lead time (due to screening) and competing risks (specifically … , regardless of patient risk. … to assess risk of bias.

2097. Managing Gout: A Review of the Research for Adults (pdf file)
      effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/gout_consumer.pdf
      January 01, 2017 - What increases the risk of gout? The exact cause of gout is not known. … But, certain things may increase the risk of getting it. … Being overweight can also increase the risk of gout. … � Allopurinol (Zyloprim®) and febuxostat (Uloric®) do not lower the risk of a gout attack in the … In fact, these medicines can increase the risk of a gout attack when you first start to take them.

2098. Effective Health Care (pdf file)
      effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/TND_0319_06-17-2009.pdf
      January 01, 2009 - whether these serum biomarkers provide evidence for the diagnosis or prognosis of sepsis for patients at risk … For patients at risk for, or in, sepsis, are there serum biomarkers available for the diagnosis and … For patients at risk for, or in, sepsis, does C reactive protein provide any utility in their management … For patients at risk for, or in, sepsis, does procalcitonin provide any utility in their Sepsis Biomarkers … For patients at risk for, or in, sepsis, does cortisol provide any utility in their management?

2099. Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation: Executive summary for the update of an ASTRO Evidence-Based Consensus Statement (pdf file)
      effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/topic-nomination-apbi-breast-cancer.pdf
      April 01, 2017 - define a group of patients with low-risk DCIS for whom observation confers a low absolute risk of IBTR … of IBTR.17 When analyzed by the ECOG 5194 risk criteria, the risk was 2% for patients meeting these … low-risk criteria. … However, given the low risk of IBTR in low-risk DCIS with wide local excision alone, coupled with favorable … results following APBI for low-risk DCIS in several series, the task force recommends inclusion of low-risk

2100. breast-biopsy-update-130920 (pdf file)
      effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/breast-biopsy-update_research-protocol.pdf
      September 20, 2013 - a lesion will be classified as benign or as high risk (e.g., atypical ductal hyperplasia [ADH]) or … Assessment of Methodological Risk of Bias of Individual Studies We will assess the risk of bias for … We discuss the handling of high risk of bias studies in sections E and F below. … levels of risk of bias will lead to downgrading the strength of the evidence. … of cancer (women at “average risk” vs. those at “high risk” may affect estimated test performance because