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Showing results for "risk".

61. Evidence Summary: Breast Cancer: Medication Use to Reduce Risk | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/breast-cancer-medications-for-risk-reduction
    September 03, 2019 - Estimates of risk ratios (RRs [rate ratio, hazard ratio, or relative risk]) and their standard errors … Risks for thromboembolic events and endometrial cancer with tamoxifen were higher for older compared … The NSABP P-1 placebo-controlled trial of tamoxifen reported point estimates consistent with higher risks … Cuzick et al, 42 2002 Cuzick et al, 80 2007 Cuzick et al, 74 2015 3573 3566 2-fold relative … Tamoxifen and anastrozole had more effects for women with previous breast lesions (LCIS, ADH, ALH) Risks

62. Medication Use for the Risk Reduction of Primary Breast Cancer in Women: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/-TsBkyewVoFpC7htRmzWJa
    September 03, 2019 - Estimates of risk ratios (RRs [rate ratio, hazard ratio, or relative risk]) and their standard errors … vs Placebo IBIS-I Cuzick et al,42 2002 Cuzick et al,80 2007 Cuzick et al,74 2015 3573 3566 2-fold relative … Risks for thrombo- embolic events and endometrial cancer with tamoxifen were higher for older compared … The NSABP P-1 placebo-controlled trial of tamoxifen reported point estimates consistent with higher risks … Tamoxifen and anastrozole had more effects for women with previous breast lesions (LCIS, ADH, ALH) Risks

63. Exercise Tolerance Testing To Screen for Coronary Heart Disease: A Systematic Review for the Technical Support for the USPSTF (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/xbYLYNJZ5zJXj-W4DNyxyb
    June 20, 2019 - (52, 53) No adjustment for the effect of other risk factors on the relative risk for an abnormal result … After adjustment for other risk factors, the independent relative risk for coro- nary heart disease events … Gibbons and colleagues (33) reported a higher relative risk in low-risk persons (21.0) than did the … after adjustment for other risk factors for cor- onary heart disease (relative risk, 1.7 to 3.5). … risk, 3.52 [95% CI, 1.57 to 7.86]) and of all-cause death (relative risk, 2.11 [95% CI, 1.47 to 3.04

64. Genetic Risk Assessment and BRCA Mutation Testing for Breast and Ovarian Cancer Susceptibility: Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/ER_LzXdmdRcZ463r4UrGtz
    September 01, 2005 - should be considered for genetic counseling to further eval- uate their potential risks. … A meta-analysis of these trials showed a relative risk for total breast cancer of 0.62 (95% CI, 0.46 … Four studies of prophylactic oophorectomy reported reduced risks for ovarian and breast cancer (46–49 … Breast and ovarian cancer risks due to inherited mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2. … The lifetime risks of breast cancer in Ashkenazi Jewish carriers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations.

65. Archived: Final Evidence Summary: Vitamin D and Calcium to Prevent Fractures: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary52/vitamin-d-and-calcium-to-prevent-fractures-preventive-medication-2013
    December 10, 2011 - (pooled relative risk, 0.88 [CI, 0.78 to 0.99]) in older adults, but the effects differed according … to study setting: institution (relative risk, 0.71 [CI, 0.57 to 0.89]) versus community-dwelling (relative … (pooled relative risk, 1.03 [CI, 0.84 to 1.26]), with high heterogeneity across studies ( I 2 = 60% … reduction among institutionalized elderly persons (relative risk, 0.71 [CI, 0.57 to 0.89]). … fracture (relative risk, 1.02 [CI, 0.89 to 1.16]) ( Figure 2 ).

66. Draft Research Plan: Intimate Partner Violence and Caregiver Abuse of Older or Vulnerable Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/draft-research-plan/intimate-partner-violence-abuse-older-vulnerable-adults
    February 09, 2023 - risk of abuse and neglect? … and negative predictive values, positive and negative likelihood ratios, diagnostic odds ratios, and relative … risks for future abuse KQ 3: Psychosocial harms, including labeling and stigma; false-positive and … and negative predictive values, positive and negative likelihood ratios, diagnostic odds ratios, and relative … risks for future abuse KQ 3: Psychosocial harms, including labeling and stigma; false-positive and

67. Evidence Summary: Falls Prevention in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/falls-prevention-community-dwelling-older-adults-interventions
    June 04, 2024 - of 1 or more falls (relative risk [RR], 0.96 [95% CI, 0.91-1.02]), injurious falls (IRR, 0.92 [95% CI … Random-effects meta-analyses with a Knapp-Hartung adjustment 7 were used to calculate the pooled relative … risks (RRs). … Effects of Virtual-Group Exercise at Home (V-GEAH) on adherence and fall risks in older adults with a … typically available in the US Abbreviations: IRR, incidence rate ratio; KQ, key question; RR, relative

68. Archived: Postmenopausal Hormone Prophylaxis: Preventive Medication, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/postmenopausal-hormone-prophylaxis-preventive-medication-1996
    January 01, 1996 - largest and best-designed studies, the beneficial effect was most evident in current users of estrogen (relative … likely to benefit from therapy, but that risks may outweigh benefits among women at increased risk of … possible risks vs. potential benefits of therapy. … The balance of benefits and risks of estrogen therapy in women at increased risk of breast cancer is … Relative risks and benefits of long-term estrogen replacement therapy: a decision analysis.

69. Recommendation: Breast Cancer: Medication Use to Reduce Risk | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/breast-cancer-medications-for-risk-reduction
    September 03, 2019 - These risks are increased in older women, although women who have had a hysterectomy are not at risk … have suggested that even women who are well informed about the risks and benefits have relatively little … These risks increase with age. … As with all of its recommendations, the USPSTF encourages clinicians to discuss with patients the risks … Risks of breast, ovarian and contralateral breast cancer for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers.

70. Evidence Summary: Prostate Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/prostate-cancer-screening
    May 08, 2018 - Pooled relative risks of incontinence with radical prostatectomy were 2.27 (95% CI, 1.82-2.84; I 2 … difference; RCT, randomized clinical trial; RR, relative risk. … difference; RCT, randomized clinical trial; RR, relative risk. … difference; RCT, randomized clinical trial; RR, relative risk. … difference; RCT, randomized clinical trial; RR, relative risk.

71. Final Recommendation Statement: Breast Cancer: Medication Use to Reduce Risk | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/RecommendationStatementFinal/breast-cancer-medications-for-risk-reduction
    September 03, 2019 - These risks are increased in older women, although women who have had a hysterectomy are not at risk … have suggested that even women who are well informed about the risks and benefits have relatively little … These risks increase with age. … As with all of its recommendations, the USPSTF encourages clinicians to discuss with patients the risks … Risks of breast, ovarian and contralateral breast cancer for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers.

72. Archived: Final Evidence Summary: Coronary Heart Disease: Screening Using Non-Traditional Risk Factors | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary16/coronary-heart-disease-screening-using-non-traditional-risk-factors
    October 15, 2009 - factors by self-report rather than bio-chemical measurement, found higher relative risk estimates. … No studies conducted analyses to determine the relative risk for CHD events specifically in intermediate-risk … For cardiovascular diseases in general, relative risk estimates for different categories of periodontal … pointed out 108 , "assessments of new prognostic tests should not rely solely on associations measured by relative … risks."

73. Archived: Final Evidence Summary: Coronary Heart Disease: Screening Using Non-Traditional Risk Factors | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary16/coronary-heart-disease-screening-using-non-traditional-risk-factors-2009
    October 15, 2009 - factors by self-report rather than bio-chemical measurement, found higher relative risk estimates. … No studies conducted analyses to determine the relative risk for CHD events specifically in intermediate-risk … For cardiovascular diseases in general, relative risk estimates for different categories of periodontal … pointed out 108 , "assessments of new prognostic tests should not rely solely on associations measured by relative … risks."

74. Evidence Summary: Breast Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/breast-cancer-screening
    April 30, 2024 - (relative risk, 0.47 [95% CI, 0.29-0.77]) and additional false-positive recalls and biopsy results with … Limited evidence on sub-KQs is available in the full report. 14 When available, reported relative risks … study using Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium (BCSC) registry data (1996 to 2012) 39 found the relative … Consistent with trial findings, a nonrandomized BCSC study did not find reduced risks of advanced or … difference; RR, relative risk; sDM, synthetic mammography. a Comparisons with no included studies are

75. Archived: Evidence Summary: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection: Screening, 2005 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/human-immunodeficiency-virus-hiv-infection-screeni
    July 05, 2005 - among those who tested negative (relative risk, 1.27 to 2). 185 , 186 Two good-quality randomized, … HAART = highly active antiretroviral therapy; HR = hazard ratio; RR = relative risk. … (used in Outcomes Table) Because no clinical trials have directly evaluated the relative risk for … For relative risks, we assumed that the log of relative risk was approximately normally distributed. … The log of the relative risk was sampled from the normal distribution and then transformed back to relative

76. Archived: Evidence Summary: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection: Screening, 2005 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/human-immunodeficiency-virus-hiv-infection-screening-2005
    July 05, 2005 - among those who tested negative (relative risk, 1.27 to 2). 185 , 186 Two good-quality randomized, … HAART = highly active antiretroviral therapy; HR = hazard ratio; RR = relative risk. … (used in Outcomes Table) Because no clinical trials have directly evaluated the relative risk for … For relative risks, we assumed that the log of relative risk was approximately normally distributed. … The log of the relative risk was sampled from the normal distribution and then transformed back to relative

77. Screening for HIV: A Review of the Evidence for the U.S. Preventive Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/3qpQqeeozW8nV3a4_BWntp
    June 20, 2019 - HAART � highly active antiretroviral therapy; HR � hazard ratio; RR � relative risk. … Methods for Calculating Relative Risk for Clinical Progression or Death during HAART Compared with No … The relative risk for clinical progres- sion or death during 3-drug therapy versus no antiretroviral … For relative risks, we assumed that the log of relative risk was approximately normally distributed. … relative risk.

78. Evidence Summary: Nonpregnant Adolescents and Adults: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary-nonpregnant-adolescents-and-adults1/human-immunodeficiency-virus-hiv-infection-screening
    June 11, 2019 - of a composite outcome of mortality, AIDS-defining events, or serious non-AIDS events (relative risk … Relative risks (RRs) were calculated based on reported event rates, to calculate absolute risk differences … , 0.04-5.02) NR Abbreviations: HPTN, HIV Prevention Trials Network; NR, not reported; RR, relative … CI, 0.94-1.25]) Some inconsistency between RCT and observational data regarding cardiovascular risks … rate ratio; KQ, key question; NA, not applicable; OR, odds ratio; RCT, randomized clinical trial; RR, relative

79. Emerging Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Disease: A Summary of Systematic Reviews Conducted for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/wdxHdZ2U5ggjuNW-nwun8n
    October 01, 2009 - factors by self-report rather than bio- chemical measurement, found higher relative risk esti- mates … No studies conducted analyses to deter- mine the relative risk for CHD events specifically in intermediate-risk … For cardiovascular diseases in general, relative risk es- timates for different categories of periodontal … out (108), “assessments of new prognostic tests should not rely solely on associations measured by relative … risks.”

80. Medication Use to Reduce Risk of Breast Cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/3Kwu7j_WfCFQSnSzqrDWwt
    June 20, 2019 - These risks are increased in older women, although women who have had a hysterectomy are not at risk … These risks increase with age. … As with all of its recommendations, the USPSTF encourages clinicians to discuss with patients the risks … Risks of breast, ovarian, and contralateral breast cancer for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. … Preferences of Women Evaluating Risks of Tamoxifen (POWER) study of preferences for tamoxifen for breast