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Total Results: 2,432 records

Showing results for "risk".

241. Archived: Final Evidence Summary: Vitamin Supplementation to Prevent Cancer and CVD: Counseling and Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary53/vitamin-supplementation-to-prevent-cancer-and-cvd-counseling-and-preventive-medication-2003
     July 01, 2003 - early for a significant adverse effect of beta-carotene on lung cancer incidence among heavy smokers (relative … A U.S. trial 11 found no effect on the relative risk for recurrence in subjects randomized to beta-carotene … above) and vitamin C plus vitamin E. 11 After 4 years on study (3 years between colonoscopies), the relative … Leisure World Study) are now reaching a stage of maturity in which they can provide information on risks … Beta-carotene supplementation for patients with low baseline levels and decreased risks of total and

242. Screening for Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women - Recommendations and Rationale (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/nnkwqkX-Nk6v3gsphVATUD
     September 01, 2002 - Predicting Risk for Osteoporosis or Fracture The USPSTF evaluated both individual risk factors and … than in women at lower risk. … Over 3 years of treatment in high-risk women, alendronate reduced the risk for hip fracture (1.1% vs. … replacement therapy include venous thromboembolic events, endometrial cancer, and cholecystitis, all with relative … risks of approximately 2.0.12 Both raloxifene and tamoxifen are associated with thromboembolic events

243. Archived: Lung Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/lung-cancer-screening-december-2013
     December 31, 2013 - Future improvements in risk assessment tools will help clinicians better individualize patients' risks … The relative risk for all-cause mortality in the DLCST was 1.46 (95% CI, 0.99 to 2.15). … When these 3 fair- or good-quality trials were combined in a meta-analysis, the relative risk for lung … effect of enabling persons to continue smoking with the perception that medical care can mitigate the risks … exposure, family history, and history of other lung diseases are important when assessing patients' risks

244. Screening for HIV Infection: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/efwy72cuMdhcF2jotkhTzC
     March 29, 2019 - of AIDS-related events (4.5% vs 7.0%; relative risk [RR], 0.65 [95% CI, 0.44-0.95]). … initiation of ART within 6 months of CD4 cell counts decreasing to less than 500/mL3, there were greater risks … 95% CI, 0.02-0.22]),34 and 3 observational studies (Partners of People on ART—A New Evaluation of the Risks … of HIV infection are small, and the clinical ben- efits of ART substantially outweigh the potential risks … Benefits and risks of antiretroviral therapy for perinatal HIV prevention.

245. JAMA (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/WN7F3WW6RQFDkHay87a3Dx
     November 18, 2020 - lung cancer is smoking.2,3 Smok- ingisestimatedtoaccountforabout90%ofall lungcancercases,2 with a relative … a risk factor for lung cancer. … Overdiagnosis of lung cancer and the risks of radiation exposure are harms, although their exact magnitude … median pack-year smoking history in NELSON trial participants was 38 pack-years.11 The NLST reported a relative … data with additional follow-up and end point verification reported a relative risk reduction of 16%

246. Screening for Lung Cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/NaBk7mpgSEmpoBKmK5Qvzn
     November 18, 2020 - L ung cancer is the second most common cancer and the lead- a relative risk of lung cancer approximately … Assessment of Risk Smoking and older age are the 2 most important risk factors for lung cancer.3-5 … Overdiagnosis of lung cancer and the risks of radiation exposure are harms, although their exact magnitude … pack-year smoking history in NELSON trial participants was 38 pack-years.11 The NLST reported a relative … data with additional follow-up and end point verification reported a relative risk reduction of 16%

247. Recommendation: Hormone Therapy in Postmenopausal Persons: Primary Prevention of Chronic Conditions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/menopausal-hormone-therapy-preventive-medication
     November 01, 2022 - disease events in persons treated with estrogen plus progestin compared with placebo (2.8% vs 2.6%; relative … risk [RR], 1.12 [95% CI, 0.94-1.33]) during a mean follow-up of 4 years. … if alternative therapies are not tolerated, based on a careful assessment of individual benefits and risks … Estrogen plus progestin and risk of venous thrombosis. JAMA . 2004;292(13):1573-1580. 27. … Benefits and risks of postmenopausal hormone therapy when it is initiated soon after menopause.

248. Hormone Therapy for the Primary Prevention of Chronic Conditions in Postmenopausal Women: Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/V7SNHdqvUyT7e2hQt5HbFp
     December 12, 2017 - Absent meta-analytic esti- mates, relative risks of outcomes of interest were based primarily on a recent … WHIMS did not find an elevated risk of mild cog- nitive impairment.72 Based on the WHI data, risks for … Point estimate is slightly different from estimate reported in Manson et al15 because of the use of relative … risks instead of hazard ratios. … Relative risks (RRs) were calculated to determine absolute risk reductions and increases presented in

249. Recommendation: Lung Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/lung-cancer-screening
     March 09, 2021 - is smoking. 2 , 3 Smoking is estimated to account for about 90% of all lung cancer cases, 2 with a relative … Assessment of Risk Smoking and older age are the 2 most important risk factors for lung cancer. 3-5 … Overdiagnosis of lung cancer and the risks of radiation exposure are harms, although their exact magnitude … pack-year smoking history in NELSON trial participants was 38 pack-years. 11 The NLST reported a relative … data with additional follow-up and end point verification reported a relative risk reduction of 16% (

250. Draft Recommendation: Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/draft-recommendation/hypertensive-disorders-pregnancy-screening
     February 07, 2023 - factor. 33 Clinicians should also be aware of the risks of poor health outcomes for populations at … risk. … health systems, and clinical practices) to address underlying health inequities that increase health risks … -1.58 days [95% CI, -8.10 to 4.94 days]); number of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy diagnoses (relative … Hispanic (75%), White (19%), Black (9%), or “other” (6%) and the study was conducted in a setting with risks

251. Let’s Talk About It: Preventing HIV with PrEP (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/sites/default/files/inline-files/hiv-prep-prevention-discussion-guide.pdf
     August 22, 2023 - If you’re at increased risk of getting HIV, PrEP can help prevent HIV. … 6 How else can I reduce my risk of getting HIV and other STIs? The U.S. … of HIV acquisition to decrease the risk of acquiring HIV. … (USPSTF Grade: A) Determining Risk of HIV The USPSTF defines increased risk for HIV as follows: 1 Sexually … by pregnant people if the healthcare professional and patient decide that the benefits outweigh the risks

252. Statins for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults: Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/mk-eb9VtB_jx885wnjuzk3
     January 01, 2024 - For composite cardiovascular outcomes, relative risk estimates were very similar for men and women in … Although relative risk estimates across subgroups were simi- lar, absolute benefits were greater in subgroups … similar relative risk esti- mates, the absolute benefits of statin therapy will be greater in populations … Statins: is it really time to reassess benefits and risks? … Risks associated with statin therapy: a systematic overview of randomized clinical trials.

253. JAMA (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/pACFPdCoN8fVoddBs-_CLE
     November 12, 2019 - Tamoxifen reduced invasive breast cancer more than raloxifene in the head-to-head trial (relative risk … Risks for breast, ovarian, and other types of BRCA- related cancer are greatly increased in patients … Average risks of breast and ovarian cancer associated with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations detected in case … Cancer risks for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers: results from prospective analysis of EMBRACE. … Familial breast cancer: classification, care and managing breast cancer and related risks in people with

254. Evidence Summary: Folic Acid for the Prevention of Neural Tube Defects: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/folic-acid-for-the-prevention-of-neural-tube-defects-preventive-medication
     January 10, 2017 - All included primary studies were observational, with attendant risks of misclassification and recall … between maternal folic acid supplementation compared with no use and childhood asthma, with a pooled relative … significant association with wheezing in childhood was associated with exposure in early pregnancy (relative … Both of the risks of bias described above (case ascertainment and recall) will reduce the differences … vitro fertilization; LRTI, lower respiratory tract infection; NR, not reported; OR, odds ratio; RR, relative

255. Archived: Evidence Summary: Folic Acid for the Prevention of Neural Tube Defects: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/folic-acid-for-the-prevention-of-neural-tube-defects-preventive-medication-january-2017
     January 10, 2017 - All included primary studies were observational, with attendant risks of misclassification and recall … between maternal folic acid supplementation compared with no use and childhood asthma, with a pooled relative … significant association with wheezing in childhood was associated with exposure in early pregnancy (relative … Both of the risks of bias described above (case ascertainment and recall) will reduce the differences … vitro fertilization; LRTI, lower respiratory tract infection; NR, not reported; OR, odds ratio; RR, relative

256. Primary Care Interventions to Prevent Child Maltreatment: Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/XGHwLrLfb_78ymEUwGF6jR
     March 19, 2024 - differences between child maltreatment intervention and control groups (68/1751 [3.9%] vs 55/1585 [3.5%]; relative … , risks of further harm to the child, or dissolution of families or worsening of inequities (eTable 51 … No studies reported on harms such as stigma, labeling, legal risks, risks of further harm to the child … ED, emergency department; EPC, Evidence-based Practice Center; KQ, key question; OR, odds ratio; RR, relative … The potential risks of false-positive findings (eg, fam- ily separation, trauma for the child and parent

257. Screening for Osteoporosis: An Update for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/RPB3rmcS9CK_eXPdzXSxZg
     July 01, 2010 - much higher fracture rates than younger persons with the same bone density because of increasing risks … However, in this study, DEXA of the femoral neck was associated with a higher relative risk for hip … Bisphosphonates reduced vertebral fractures compared with placebo (relative risk [RR], 0.66 [CI, 0.50 … Ten-year risks for major osteoporotic and hip fractures for U.S. white women estimated from the online … Highlighted risks equal or exceed the reference case (woman aged 65 years with no risk factors: 9.3%

258. Evidence Summary: Prevention of Acquisition of HIV: Preexposure Prophylaxis | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/prevention-of-human-immunodeficiency-virus-hiv-infection-pre-exposure-prophylaxis
     August 22, 2023 - or no PrEP (n = 18,172; relative risk [RR], 0.46 [95% CI, 0.33-0.66]). … 18,172; relative risk [RR], 0.46 [95% CI, 0.33-0.66]) (eFigure 1 in the  JAMA  Supplement), but statistical … ratio; IRR, incidence rate ratio; NR, not reported; OR, odds ratio; PrEP, preexposure prophylaxis; RR, relative … Molina et al, 46 2015) of event-driven PrEP, but vs placebo, is reported in the JAMA Supplement. c Relative … NR, not reported; OR, odds ratio; PrEP, preexposure prophylaxis; RCT, randomized clinical trial; RR, relative

259. Uhtgkzvs Bpnj4 G4Fxuay (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/uhtgkZVs_bpNJ4_G4fXUay
     March 01, 2014 - Future improvements in risk assessment tools will help cli- nicians better individualize patients’ risks … Overdiagnosis of lung cancer and the risks of radiation are real harms, although their magnitude is uncertain … The relative risk for all-cause mortality in the DLCST was 1.46 (CI, 0.99 to 2.15). … When these 3 fair- or good-quality trials were com- bined in a meta-analysis, the relative risk for lung … exposure, family history, and history of other lung diseases are important when assessing patients’ risks

260. Statin Use for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/vTJ_Zj3TAkhx45wWUDtNyt
     May 01, 2021 - The ACC/AHA risk estimator is, to date, the only US-based CVD risk prediction tool that has published … risk estimation tools. … (18 trials; n = 85 816; relative risk [RR], 0.92 [95% CI, 0.87 to 0.98]; absolute risk difference [ARD … for per- sons at borderline risk, and recommend consideration of risk en- hancers to refine risk assessments … Cardiovascular benefits and diabetes risks of statin therapy in primary prevention: an analysis from