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Showing results for "risk".

161. Xt2Uhv4Qyluz8O2Hb A4Yq (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/xt2Uhv4qyLUZ8o2HB_a4YQ
     July 01, 2013 - However, appropriately timed interventions in HIV-positive persons can reduce risks for clinical progression … Better evidence is needed about the long-term harms of ART, including risks for cardiovascular and kidney … It would also be helpful to better elucidate the potential risks and long-term outcomes associated with … study of 1927 serodiscordant heterosexual couples (adjusted relative risk, 8.4 [CI, 4.8 to 15]) (22) … in the annual incidence of myocardial infarc- tion during the first 4 to 6 years of exposure to ART (relative

162. Screening for Osteoporosis: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/pskqLZMFcHjhtEF75uG4AP
     January 01, 2012 - White women aged 50 to 64 years with equivalent or greater 10-year fracture risks based on specific risk … The FRAX tool also predicts 10-year fracture risks for black, Asian, and Hispanic women in the United … In general, esti- mated fracture risks in nonwhite women are lower than those for white women of the … In a meta-analysis of 7 trials, the relative risk (RR) for vertebral fractures for bisphosphonates compared … Many comments pointed out a lack of clarity about how clinicians can estimate 10-year fracture risks

163. Recommendation: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/human-immunodeficiency-virus-hiv-infection-screening
     June 11, 2019 - of AIDS-related events (4.5% vs 7.0%; relative risk [RR], 0.65 [95% CI, 0.44-0.95]). … initiation of ART within 6 months of CD4 cell counts decreasing to less than 500/mL 3 , there were greater risks … CI, 0.02-0.22]), 34 and 3 observational studies (Partners of People on ART—A New Evaluation of the Risks … treatment of HIV infection are small, and the clinical benefits of ART substantially outweigh the potential risks … Benefits and risks of antiretroviral therapy for perinatal HIV prevention.

164. Final Research Plan: Breast Cancer: Medication Use to Reduce Risk | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/breast-cancer-medications-for-risk-reduction
     July 20, 2017 - cancer (e.g., clinical risk assessment models)? … to reduce risk for primary breast cancer? … to reduce risk for primary breast cancer? … Do the harms of risk-reducing medications persist beyond discontinuation of use? … Finally, comments related to risk assessment suggested that risk stratification for patients without

165. Archived: Evidence Summary: Impaired Visual Acuity in Older Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/impaired-visual-acuity-in-older-adults-screening-2016
     March 01, 2016 - was no difference in the likelihood of visual acuity worse than 20/60 after 3 to 5 years (37% vs 35%; relative … risks (RRs) and absolute risk differences. … of falls 16 and, if an association is present, to identify methods for mitigating these risks. … risk. … risk.

166. Aspirin for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/Q4J7tsThw_6nwfB-p-f5Hp
     March 01, 2009 - Thus, decisions about aspirin therapy should con- sider the overall risks for coronary heart disease … Women The net benefit of aspirin depends on the initial risks for stroke and gastrointestinal bleeding … Shared decision making should be encouraged with women for whom the potential benefits and risks for … The WHS reported benefit with aspirin use in stroke re- duction (relative risk [RR], 0.83 [95% CI, 0.69 … is sufficiently high for the benefits to outweigh the risks as- sociated with treatment (a 10-year risk

167. JAMA (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/WN7F3WW6RQFDkHay87a3Dx
     November 18, 2020 - lung cancer is smoking.2,3 Smok- ingisestimatedtoaccountforabout90%ofall lungcancercases,2 with a relative … a risk factor for lung cancer. … Overdiagnosis of lung cancer and the risks of radiation exposure are harms, although their exact magnitude … median pack-year smoking history in NELSON trial participants was 38 pack-years.11 The NLST reported a relative … data with additional follow-up and end point verification reported a relative risk reduction of 16%

168. Archived: Lung Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/lung-cancer-screening-december-2013
     December 31, 2013 - Future improvements in risk assessment tools will help clinicians better individualize patients' risks … The relative risk for all-cause mortality in the DLCST was 1.46 (95% CI, 0.99 to 2.15). … When these 3 fair- or good-quality trials were combined in a meta-analysis, the relative risk for lung … effect of enabling persons to continue smoking with the perception that medical care can mitigate the risks … exposure, family history, and history of other lung diseases are important when assessing patients' risks

169. Aspirin Use to Prevent Preeclampsia and Related Morbidity and Mortality (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/2wL_PmXmBxZQXX29D7nma5
     September 01, 2021 - for definition of high risk. To whom does this recommendation apply? … for definition of high risk. What’s new? … It is strengthened by new evidence from additional trials demonstrating reduced risks of perinatal mortality … Assess Risk. … Pregnant persons are at high risk for preeclampsia if they have 1 or more of the following risk factors

170. Archived: Evidence Summary: Folic Acid for the Prevention of Neural Tube Defects: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/folic-acid-for-the-prevention-of-neural-tube-defects-preventive-medication-january-2017
     January 10, 2017 - All included primary studies were observational, with attendant risks of misclassification and recall … between maternal folic acid supplementation compared with no use and childhood asthma, with a pooled relative … significant association with wheezing in childhood was associated with exposure in early pregnancy (relative … Both of the risks of bias described above (case ascertainment and recall) will reduce the differences … vitro fertilization; LRTI, lower respiratory tract infection; NR, not reported; OR, odds ratio; RR, relative

171. Primary Care Interventions to Prevent Child Maltreatment: Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/XGHwLrLfb_78ymEUwGF6jR
     March 19, 2024 - differences between child maltreatment intervention and control groups (68/1751 [3.9%] vs 55/1585 [3.5%]; relative … , risks of further harm to the child, or dissolution of families or worsening of inequities (eTable 51 … No studies reported on harms such as stigma, labeling, legal risks, risks of further harm to the child … ED, emergency department; EPC, Evidence-based Practice Center; KQ, key question; OR, odds ratio; RR, relative … The potential risks of false-positive findings (eg, fam- ily separation, trauma for the child and parent

172. Archived: Final Research Plan: BRCA-Related Cancer: Risk Assessment, Genetic Counseling, and Genetic Testing | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan11/brca-related-cancer-risk-assessment-genetic-counseling-and-genetic-testing-2013
     December 15, 2012 - Email Print archived Final Research Plan BRCA-Related Cancer: Risk … at average or increased risk. … medications, and risk-reducing surgery and ethical, legal, and social implications … Comparisons KQs 1 and 3: Risk assessment and genetic testing versus none. … KQs 2a and 3a: Accuracy of various risk assessment methods.

173. Archived: Published Comments and Response: Aspirin for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/published-comments-and-response/aspirin-for-the-prevention-of-cardiovascular-disease-preventive-medication-2009
     October 15, 2009 - somewhat unexpectedly, aspirin use was associated with increased harm in women who were currently smoking (relative … risk for major cardiovascular event, 1.3). … Predicted 10-Year Risk for 3 Hypothetical Patients, Using 3 Online Risk Calculators Patient … Risk Score, % HealthLink 2 NCEP 4 PROCAM 7 Low-risk a 4 1 1 Moderate-risk … Budhraja that the higher risk for peptic ulcer disease in smokers might place them at higher risk for

174. Draft Research Plan: Sexually Transmitted Infections: Behavioral Counseling | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/draft-research-plan/sexually-transmitted-infections
     January 16, 2025 - What clinical risk assessment tools or guidance can be used to help primary care clinicians identify … individuals at higher risk for STIs? … Studies limited to populations requiring specialized healthcare or interventions to address STI health risks … reduction or risk avoidance, which can feasibly be implemented in or referred from primary care. … measures of infection, attitude, knowledge, ability, or self-efficacy, including: Knowledge of risks

175. Recommendation: Lung Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/lung-cancer-screening
     March 09, 2021 - is smoking. 2 , 3 Smoking is estimated to account for about 90% of all lung cancer cases, 2 with a relative … Assessment of Risk Smoking and older age are the 2 most important risk factors for lung cancer. 3-5 … Overdiagnosis of lung cancer and the risks of radiation exposure are harms, although their exact magnitude … pack-year smoking history in NELSON trial participants was 38 pack-years. 11 The NLST reported a relative … data with additional follow-up and end point verification reported a relative risk reduction of 16% (

176. Screening for HIV Infection: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/efwy72cuMdhcF2jotkhTzC
     March 29, 2019 - of AIDS-related events (4.5% vs 7.0%; relative risk [RR], 0.65 [95% CI, 0.44-0.95]). … initiation of ART within 6 months of CD4 cell counts decreasing to less than 500/mL3, there were greater risks … 95% CI, 0.02-0.22]),34 and 3 observational studies (Partners of People on ART—A New Evaluation of the Risks … of HIV infection are small, and the clinical ben- efits of ART substantially outweigh the potential risks … Benefits and risks of antiretroviral therapy for perinatal HIV prevention.

177. Screening for Suicide Risk in Adolescents, Adults, and Older Adults in Primary Care: Clinical Summary of USPSTF Recommendation (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/vAKRuLQRL2T7_DHsgFzW_q
     Screening for Suicide Risk in Adolescents, Adults, and Older Adults in Primary Care: Clinical Summary … Grade: I statement Risk Assessment Suicide risk varies by age, sex, and race/ethnicity. … disorders, physical illness, and functional impairment, increase the risk for suicide. … Screening Tests Screening tests for suicide risk vary and have a wide range in accuracy. … Treatment Most effective treatments to reduce suicide risk include psychotherapy.

178. Screening for Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women - Recommendations and Rationale (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/nnkwqkX-Nk6v3gsphVATUD
     September 01, 2002 - Predicting Risk for Osteoporosis or Fracture The USPSTF evaluated both individual risk factors and … than in women at lower risk. … Over 3 years of treatment in high-risk women, alendronate reduced the risk for hip fracture (1.1% vs. … replacement therapy include venous thromboembolic events, endometrial cancer, and cholecystitis, all with relative … risks of approximately 2.0.12 Both raloxifene and tamoxifen are associated with thromboembolic events

179. Evidence Summary: Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/hypertensive-disorders-pregnancy-screening
     September 19, 2023 - with the majority of deaths (65%) occurring in the 6 weeks following delivery. 4 , 5 In addition to risks … pregnant individuals, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy contributes to pregnancy-related morbidity and risks … edema; and liver, kidney, or hematologic involvement) was not statistically different between groups (relative … risk [RR], 0.79 [95% CI, 0.40-1.55]). … , not applicable; NRSI, nonrandomized study of an intervention; RCT, randomized clinical trial; RR, relative

180. Clinical Summary: Risk Assessment, Genetic Counseling, and Genetic Testing for BRCA-Related Cancer (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/y3mQMyN2Y8mxKvPPXjM6kV
     Clinical Summary: Risk Assessment, Genetic Counseling, and Genetic Testing for BRCA-Related Cancer … Grade: B Do not perform routine risk assessment, genetic counseling, or genetic testing. … This includes intensive screening, risk-reducing medications, and risk-reducing mastectomy and salpingo-oophorectomy … cancer and at low risk for adverse medication effects. … women not at increased risk for breast cancer.