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Total Results: 2,111 records

Showing results for "risk".

401. Untitled (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/tympanostomy-tubes_research-protocol.pdf
     November 16, 2015 - There is interest in comparative effectiveness of tympanostomy tubes in high-risk and at-risk populations … Many randomized trials are relatively small, limiting their ability to define risks of less common harms … For RCTs, we will use the Cochrane risk of bias tool 22, which asks about risk of selection bias, performance … Tympanostomy tube outcomes in children at-risk and not at-risk for developmental delays. … Panel 1: Epidemiology, natural history, and risk factors.

402. Transparency of Reporting Requirements: Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/transparency-omega-3_research-protocol.pdf
     September 02, 2016 - IF HIGH RISK OF BIAS, EXPLAIN IN NOTES. … IF HIGH RISK OF BIAS, EXPLAIN IN NOTES. … IF HIGH RISK OF BIAS, EXPLAIN IN NOTES. … , DM) ** Including diet but not CVD risk factors ** Including CVD risk factors, but not diet ** Neither … IF HIGH RISK OF BIAS, EXPLAIN IN NOTES.

403. Smoking-Pregnancy-Infants Executive (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/smoking-pregnancy-infants_executive.pdf
     February 01, 2014 - , and placenta previa.7-10 Health risks to the fetus include low birth weight, restricted growth, … Administration places the transdermal nicotine patch in pregnancy category D, which indicates there are known risks … to the fetus, but potential benefits may outweigh risks in some cases. … adverse fetal effects and no adequate human studies are available, but potential benefits may outweigh risks … Prenatal smoking and risk of intrapartum stillbirth.

404. Layout 1 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/type-2-diabetes-medications-2007_executive.pdf
     January 01, 2007 - addition, clinicians must consider concerns about specific medications conferring excess cardiovascular risks … (absolute risk difference of ~2 percent). … The absolute risk difference between groups was ~2%. … The absolute risk differences were ~8-14%. … The between-group absolute risk differences were ~ 5-15%.

405. Effective Health Care (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/TND_0407_01-20-2011.pdf
     January 01, 2011 - improved wound healing; decreased rates of amputation; decreased rates of cardiovascular events; bleeding risks … Does aspirin reduce the risk of adverse cardiovascular events (MI, stroke, cardiovascular death) in … )  PAD is a prevalent disease associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events.

406. Amended Protocol: Improving Rural Health Through Telehealth-Guided Provider-to-Provider Communication (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/rural-telehealth-amended-protocol.pdf
     February 25, 2021 - of bias,” “medium risk of bias,” or “high risk of bias.” … Studies rated “low risk of bias” are considered to have the least risk of bias, and their results are … We will not exclude studies rated high risk of bias a priori, but high risk of bias studies will be … /rural-communities.html#why-higher-risk 12 precautions/other-at-risk-populations/rural-communities.html … #why-higher-risk.

407. Ptsd-Adults-Trauma-Interventions Research-Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/ptsd-adults-trauma-interventions_research-protocol.pdf
     November 08, 2012 - KQ 4: For adults exposed to psychological trauma, what are the absolute risks or comparative risks of … groups, and sex) o Populations with psychiatric comorbidities o Populations with different personal risks … KQ 4 addresses the absolute and comparative risks of harms and adverse events from these interventions … The “Population at risk…” box was revised as follows: “Population at risk: Adults exposed to psychological … The “Population at risk…” box was revised as follows: “Population at risk: Adults exposed to psychological

408. Methods Guide for Medical Test Reviews Chapter 7 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-tests-grading_methods.pdf
     July 01, 2012 - When the treatment of a disease has high associated risks, multiple tests are often used to assure the … false negatives depends on the severity of disease if there is a missed diagnosis, in addition to the risks … from the testing itself (i.e., if the test is invasive and associated with risks in and of itself). … of bias: • Low risk of bias • Medium risk of bias • High risk of bias Well designed and executed … Assessing risk of bias as a domain of quality in medical test studies.

409. Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease: Current State of the Evidence (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/fatty-acids-cardiovascular-disease_clinician.pdf
     July 01, 2017 - conducted to evaluate the effect of omega-3 fatty acids (FAs) on cardiovascular disease (CVD), its risk … , there is high strength of evidence (SOE) from RCTs that marine oil supplements do not affect the risk … Marine oil supplements also have no effect on the risk of atrial fibrillation (moderate SOE). … �) and no effect on atrial fibrillation (���) in populations with established CVD or at increased risk … of HDL-c and LDL-c (���) in healthy populations and in those with established CVD or at increased risk

410. Disposition of Comments Report for Testing of CYP2C19 Variants and Platelet Reactivity for Guiding Antiplatelet Treatment (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/antiplatelet-treatment_disposition-comments.pdf
     September 25, 2013 - Including data available only in abstract form has inherent risks such as numerical errors and misinterpretation … Section Comment Response Peer Reviewers 2, 3, 4 Methods Despite imprecision, the lower bound of the relative … reduction versus increased bleeding risk. … The authors should include a summary of the comparative risks of genetic vs. nongenetic factors routinely … Additionally, it would be appropriate to frame the relative risks between CYP2C19 genotypes against

411. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/angina-heart-attack-treatments_research-protocol.pdf
     December 11, 2012 - • In patients with an indication for oral anticoagulant therapy, what are the risks and benefits of … • In patients receiving dual antiplatelet therapy, what are the risks and benefits of adding a PPI? … The duration of treatment and followup will be considered when evaluating the benefits and risks for … Heart failure • Previous stroke • Renal insufficiency • Type of stent • Type of vascular access Bi Risks … review; the duration of treatment and followup will be considered when evaluating the benefits and risks

412. Renal-Cancer Research-Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/renal-cancer_research-protocol.pdf
     April 20, 2015 - renal mass (oncologic outcomes, renal functional outcomes, complications) as well as competing health risks … Assessment of Methodological Risk of Bias of Individual Studies: The assessment of risk of bias of … Risk of bias judgment Overall bias Risk of bias judgment Table 4. … Risk: Low/High/Unclear Archived: This report is greater than 3 years old. … of bias: • Low risk of bias • Medium risk of bias • High risk of bias Well designed and executed

413. breast-biopsy-update-130920 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/breast-biopsy-update_research-protocol.pdf
     September 20, 2013 - a lesion will be classified as benign or as high risk (e.g., atypical ductal hyperplasia [ADH]) or … Assessment of Methodological Risk of Bias of Individual Studies We will assess the risk of bias for … We discuss the handling of high risk of bias studies in sections E and F below. … levels of risk of bias will lead to downgrading the strength of the evidence. … of cancer (women at “average risk” vs. those at “high risk” may affect estimated test performance because

414. Microsoft Word - cognitive-decline-protocol-160322.docx (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/cognitive-decline_research-protocol.pdf
     March 22, 2016 - Nonmodifiable risk factors include age, sex, race/ethnicity, and family history. … factor status �Number of risk factors III. … Extraction of basic study information will inform risk of bias assessment. … Assessment of Methodological Risk of Bias of Individual Studies Risk of bias of eligible studies will … We will calculate risk ratios and absolute risk differences with the corresponding 95 percent confidence

415. Total Worker Health® (TWH) (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/worker-health_executive.pdf
     April 01, 2016 - Risk-of-Bias Assessment To assess the risk of bias (internal validity) of studies eligible for KQ 2, … A study assessed as high risk of bias has significant risk of bias (e.g., stemming from serious errors … We rated 5 RCTs as medium risk of bias27,28,46,49,50 and the other 10 studies as high risk of bias … interventions included comprehensive program content that highlighted the potential additive or synergistic risks … and included comprehensive program content that highlighted the potential additive or synergistic risks

416. GRADING THE STRENGTH OF A BODY OF EVIDENCE (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-grading-strength_methods.pdf
     July 01, 2009 - Risk of Bias As noted in Table 1, the risk of bias for an evidence base will be derived from assessment … of the risk of bias in individual studies. … Risk of bias incorporates both study design and study conduct. … High risk of bias lowers the strength-of-evidence grade; low risk of bias raises it. … of bias: • Low risk of bias • Medium risk of bias • High risk of bias Consistency The principal

417. Effects of Dietary Sodium and Potassium Intake on Chronic Disease (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/sodium-potassium_research-protocol.pdf
     April 18, 2017 - CVD, stroke, congestive heart failure, and kidney disease and lowering blood pressure lowers these risks … Assessment of Methodological Risk of Bias of Individual Studies We will assess the methodological risk … standardized mean differences (SMD), dichotomous incident and prevalence outcomes will be reported as relative … risks (RR), and mortality data will be reported as hazard ratios (HR), all together with the 95% confidence … non-linear dose-response meta- regressions to examine the associations between dietary intake levels and the risks

418. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/undescended-testicle_research-protocol.pdf
     September 02, 2011 - magnetic resonance angiography, which requires sedation or anesthesia and is thus not without immediate risks … An estimated 10 percent of all testicular tumors develop from an undescended testis, 9 and the relative … risk of incidence of a testicular tumor is about 40 times greater in men with cryptorchidism when … Although many clinicians advocate early orchiopexy to reduce the risk of testicular cancer associated … Assessing risk of bias in included studies. In: Higgins JPT, Green S, eds.

419. Untitled (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/aggression_research-protocol.pdf
     October 05, 2015 - First, a key clinical and policy question is how to best balance the benefits and risks of (a) seclusion … We envision a continuum of risk and behavior. … Assessment of Methodological Risk of Bias of Individual Studies To minimize risk of bias in observational … That is, a low-risk-of- bias nonrandomized study does not necessarily equal a low-risk-of-bias randomized … To determine risk of bias in a standardized way, we will use the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool to appraise

420. Grading_didactic_faculty_approved (ppt file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/grading.ppt
     January 01, 2013 - grade Four Required Domains: Risk of Bias The risk of bias for an evidence base is derived from assessing … Risk-of-bias scores are denoted as high, medium, or low. … High risk of bias lowers the strength-of-evidence grade; low risk of bias raises the strength-of-evidence … DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2009.03.009 Guiding Principles: Risk of Bias Risk of bias (given design … Guiding Principles: Risk of Bias The risk of bias based on the design and conduct of the available studies