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Total Results: 2,111 records

Showing results for "risk".

381. Management of Suspected Opioid Overdose With Naloxone by Emergency Medical Services Personnel - Executive Summary (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-193-naloxone-executive-summary.pdf
     November 01, 2017 - Risk of Bias Assessment of Individual Studies We assessed risk of bias of included studies using … Effectiveness Reviews.34 We adapted criteria for assessing risk of bias from the U.S. … Studies were rated as “low risk of bias,” “medium risk of bias,” or “high risk of bias” based on the … [CI] 0.3 to 1.5), mean response time (8.0 vs. 7.9 minutes), or agitation/violence (6.0% vs. 7.9%, relative … risk [RR] 0.77, 95% CI 0.25 to 2.3).

382. Cancer-Pancreas Executive (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cancer-pancreas_executive.pdf
     September 01, 2014 - For quality, see section on risk of bias. b. … • EUS-FNA risks are due to the physical invasiveness of the procedure and primarily involve pancreatitis … • MRI risks mainly involve adverse reactions to contrast media. … EUS-FNA risks are due to the physical invasiveness of this procedure and primarily 16 involve pancreatitis … four imaging studies are not equally available at all institutions, and each study has its associated risks

383. Covariate Selection for Observational Comparative Effectiveness Research
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/covariate-selection-chapter-7.pptx
     January 01, 2013 - Causal graph illustrating a baseline risk factor (C0) for the outcome (Y1). … Confounding by indication and channeling over time: the risks of beta 2-agonists. … after antihypertensive treatment is initiated [C1]) is unnecessary and likely to induce bias toward a relative … risk of 1.0, though the direction can sometimes be the opposite. … (risk factors) to avoid including strong instruments and colliders.

384. Interventions To Prevent Age-Related Cognitive Decline, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Clinical Alzheimer’s-Type Dementia (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cognitive-decline_executive.pdf
     March 01, 2017 - Although many putative risk factors have been identified, the challenge is to identify any interventions … Interventions represent one way to establish the veracity of risk factors. … Results were extracted only from studies assessed as having low to moderate risk of bias. … not the risk of CATD or of a combined outcome of MCI or CATD compared to placebo … Raloxifene may reduce risk of MCI.

385. Interventions To Prevent Age-Related Cognitive Decline, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Clinical Alzheimer’s-Type Dementia (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/cognitive-decline_executive.pdf
     March 01, 2017 - Although many putative risk factors have been identified, the challenge is to identify any interventions … Interventions represent one way to establish the veracity of risk factors. … Results were extracted only from studies assessed as having low to moderate risk of bias. … not the risk of CATD or of a combined outcome of MCI or CATD compared to placebo … Raloxifene may reduce risk of MCI.

386. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/genitourinary-symptoms-protocol_0.pdf
     July 10, 2023 - We will not extract data from high risk of bias studies or for outcomes that are high risk of bias. … Assessment of Methodological Risk of Bias of Individual Studies Risk of bias of eligible studies by … will review each risk of bias assessment. … We will calculate risk ratios (RR) and absolute risk differences (RD) with the corresponding 95 percent … difference ROB Risk of bias ROBINS-I Risk Of Bias In Non-Randomized Studies - of Interventions RR

387. Acs-Pci-Adjunctive-Devices Surveillance (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/acs-pci-adjunctive-devices_surveillance.pdf
     April 01, 2013 - mortality and MACE in studies of 365 days or longer, we saw no significant difference in mortality risk … not significantly impact the achievement of ST-segment resolution, prevention of no reflow, or the risk … Do Not Know Conclusion #1 In the catheter aspiration trials, the risks of major adverse cardiovascular … mortality and MACE in studies of 365 days or longer, we saw no significant difference in mortality risk … not significantly impact the achievement of ST-segment resolution, prevention of no reflow, or the risk

388. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/osteoporosis-bone-fracture_research-protocol.pdf
     May 14, 2010 - KQ2: How does fracture reduction resulting from treatments vary between individuals with different risks … c) What are the effects of adherence and persistence on the risk of fractures? … for OP fractures Health Outcomes: Change in fracture risk (KQ1,2) Change in BMD (KQ5[?] … KQ5 assesses the ability of risk predictors to identify people who are at greater risk of OP fracture … Assessment of fracture risk. Osteoporos Int 2005;16(6):581-9. 6.

389. Evidence Summary: Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 236 Maternal, Fetal, and Child Outcomes of Mental Health Treatments in Women: A Systematic Review of Perinatal Pharmacologic Interventions (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/cer-236-mental-health-pregnancy-evidence-summary.pdf
     April 01, 2021 - harsh punishment, impaired development of infant emotional regulation and attachment, and greater risk … • Brexanolone probably improves depressive symptoms; it may increase the risk of sedation or somnolence … Regarding maternal harms, benzodiazepine before conception may be associated with an increased risk … During pregnancy, exposure to several antidepressants may be associated with a higher risk of postpartum … A significant constraint to interpreting the evidence is the widespread risk of confounding.

390. Depression-Postpartum-Screening Executive (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/depression-postpartum-screening_executive.pdf
     May 01, 2013 - Institute of Medicine,5 maternal postpartum depression has also been associated with an increased risk … Summary judgments for these studies were assigned as high risk of bias, low risk of bias, or unclear … Ten were judged to have a high risk of biased results; the remainder were judged to be at low risk. … Two studies were rated low risk of bias, 10 high risk of bias, and 3 unclear risk of bias. … Only one study judged to be at high risk of bias provided a specific estimate of the effect of a risk

391. Intermittent Inhalded Corticosteroids and Long-Acting Muscarinic Antagonists for Asthma (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-194-evidence-summary-corticosteroids-asthma.pdf
     October 01, 2017 - ICS controller • Does affect: – The risk of exacerbations requiring oral corticosteroids (low SOE) … combined with LABA as controller and quick relief vs. a higher ICS controller dose • Reduces the risk … ICS and LABA as controller at the same ICS dose • Reduces the risk of exacerbations measured as a … ICS controller • Does not affect the risk of exacerbations, regardless of definition (low SOE) • … ICS and LABA as controller at the same ICS dose • Reduces: – The risk of exacerbations defined as

392. AHRQ Slide Template-Widescreen
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/pdf/epc-maternal-health-grand-rounds-slides.pptx
     January 01, 2023 - of Bias of each study Strength of Evidence (SoE) across studies by considering risk of bias, consistency … of Bias: 5 Low, 35 Moderate, 24 High Key Question 2: Insurance Coverage (28 Studies) 28 NRCSs Risk … Versus Clinic Visits for Breastfeeding Care 32 Abbreviations: CI = confidence interval, RoB = risk … of bias, RR = relative risk No evidence of difference in hospital readmission by 3 months Results … ) Population and intervention targets: Limited data on general postpartum care, especially for at-risk

393. Noninvasive Treatments for Low Back Pain (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/back-pain-treatment_research_executive.pdf
     February 01, 2016 - confidence interval; NSAID = nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; RCT = randomized controlled trial; RR = relative … vs. placebo of nausea, dizziness, constipation, vomiting, somnolence, and dry mouth; risks of opioids … PENS = percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation; RDQ = Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire; RR = relative … The Effectiveness and Risks of Long-Term Opioid Treatment of Chronic Pain. … The effectiveness and risks of long-term opioid therapy for chronic pain: a systematic review for a

394. Systematic Review on Nonopioid Pharmacologic Treatments for Chronic Pain: Surveillance Report 2 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/surveillance-report-2-nonopioid-pharm-chronic-pain.pdf
     April 01, 2022 - In patients with chronic pain, what are the risks of nonopioid pharmacologic agents for harms including … increased risk of dizziness.6,7,9 1 RCT (n=306) found increased risk of SAEs, sedation, and visual … disturbances.6,7 1 RCT (n=60) found increased risk of WAEs and nonsignificantly increased risk … –10 VAS -1.63, p<0.001) and increased likelihood of 30-percent improvement in pain (95% vs. 35.7%, relative … In patients with chronic pain, what are the risks of nonopioid pharmacologic agents for harms including

395. RESPONSE TO REQUEST FOR WORK ASSIGNMENT (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/copd-anticholinergic-medicines_research.pdf
     December 01, 2009 - Tiotropium in combination with two other medications was associated with increased risk of mortality … TIO+IPRA+ICS, TIO+LABA+IPRA, TIO+THEO+IPRA, etc.) where there was an increased risk of mortality (HR … Second, medications used in combination with tiotropium may be associated with increased risks and therefore … This is particularly true if risks reported for ipratropium represent a class effect for anticholinergic … If this is the case, our study design is not optimal for identifying risks associated with tiotropium

396. Grading_didactic_faculty_approved (ppt file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/grading.ppt
     January 01, 2010 - grade Four Required Domains: Risk of Bias Four Required Domains: Risk of Bias The risk of bias for … Risk-of-bias scores are denoted as high, medium, or low. … High risk of bias lowers the strength-of-evidence grade; low risk of bias raises the strength-of-evidence … Guiding Principles: Risk of Bias Guiding Principles: Risk of Bias The risk of bias based on the design … Guiding Principles: Risk of Bias Example Guiding Principles: Risk of Bias Example This is an example

397. Suppl-2-User-Guide-To-Ocer 130129 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/suppl-2-user-guide-to-ocer_130129.pdf
     January 01, 2011 - of experiencing the outcome in the two groups at the time of treatment assignment is equal to the risk … In addition, because the outcome risks in the subpopulations are equivalent at the time treatment is … assigned, the observed risk difference between the treatment groups can be attributed to treatment … Using the risk difference scale, this means that the conditional risk difference can be used to estimate … the marginal causal risk difference (Pr[Y=1|A=1] - Pr[Y=1|A=0]) = (Pr[Ya=1=1]- (Pr[Ya=0=1]).

398. Methods-Guidance-Reporting-Bias Methods (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-reporting-bias_methods.pdf
     November 01, 2013 - Agency found that while published data indicated that benefits of the study drugs outweighed their risks … , that the inclusion of unpublished data suggested that risks outweighed benefits for all but one of … additional data (11 studies; 996 patients) 18 changed results from statistically significant (RR [relative … for reporting bias for this outcome (“ORB risk–” or “ARB risk–”). … the results were reported, then the study is at risk of reporting bias for that outcome (“ORB risk

399. Technical Brief 13: Gene Expression Profiling for Predicting Outcomes in Stage II Colon Cancer (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/colon-cancer-gene-profiling_technical-brief.pdf
     December 01, 2012 - Identifying the individuals in whom the potential benefits of chemotherapy outweigh the risks is challenging … On the other hand, introducing routine testing without a clear understanding of benefits and risks could … obtained with standard risk factors? … The discussion with a patient about the benefits and risks of adjuvant chemotherapy usually occurs 3 … use of the GEP assay for treatment management improve net health outcome (considering benefits and risks

400. Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation: Executive summary for the update of an ASTRO Evidence-Based Consensus Statement (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/topic-nomination-apbi-breast-cancer.pdf
     April 01, 2017 - define a group of patients with low-risk DCIS for whom observation confers a low absolute risk of IBTR … of IBTR.17 When analyzed by the ECOG 5194 risk criteria, the risk was 2% for patients meeting these … low-risk criteria. … However, given the low risk of IBTR in low-risk DCIS with wide local excision alone, coupled with favorable … results following APBI for low-risk DCIS in several series, the task force recommends inclusion of low-risk