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Showing results for "risk".

381. Topic 0549 Diagnosis and Management of Gout NSD _SJ Clean (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/TND-0648-140819.pdf
     June 24, 2014 - Staff-Generated PICO Population(s): Adults with or at risk of having gout Intervention(s): Clinical … Does the risk of adverse effects differ according to patient baseline diet and fluid intake? c. … Does the risk of adverse effects differ according to joint vs. systemic involvement in gout? … In adults with a history of gout, what is the evidence that pharmacological therapies to reduce risk … Does the risk of adverse effects differ according to patient baseline diet and fluid intake? c.

382. Disposition of Comments for CER 166 Calcineurin Inhibitors (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/calcineurin-inhibitor_disposition-comments.pdf
     March 15, 2016 - comparing the immunosuppressive regimens designed to reduce or eliminate exposure to CNI toxicity risks … be interesting to know if it is possible to identify at what point in the withdrawal process the risks … It is not clear where the benefits of minimization end and the risks of withdrawal begin. … By indirectly endorsing this perspective, this review risks exacerbating a trend toward overzealous … However, risks and benefits will vary greatly depending on what type of donor organ is being used,

383. Alcohol-misuse-drug-therapy-140326 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/alcohol-misuse-drug-therapy_research-protocol.pdf
     January 27, 2012 - for whom acamprosate and oral naltrexone are not suitable, or prefer disulfiram and understand the relative … risks of taking the drug; and (3) to have specialist and competent staff administer pharmacological … Assessment of Methodological Risk of Bias of Individual Studies—To assess the risk of bias (i.e., internal … A study assessed as high risk of bias has significant risk of bias (e.g., stemming from serious issues … For binary outcomes (e.g., adverse events), we will calculate risk differences between groups or risk

384. Management of Suspected Opioid Overdose With Naloxone by Emergency Medical Services Personnel - Executive Summary (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-193-naloxone-executive-summary.pdf
     November 01, 2017 - Risk of Bias Assessment of Individual Studies We assessed risk of bias of included studies using … Effectiveness Reviews.34 We adapted criteria for assessing risk of bias from the U.S. … Studies were rated as “low risk of bias,” “medium risk of bias,” or “high risk of bias” based on the … [CI] 0.3 to 1.5), mean response time (8.0 vs. 7.9 minutes), or agitation/violence (6.0% vs. 7.9%, relative … risk [RR] 0.77, 95% CI 0.25 to 2.3).

385. Cancer-Pancreas Executive (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cancer-pancreas_executive.pdf
     September 01, 2014 - For quality, see section on risk of bias. b. … • EUS-FNA risks are due to the physical invasiveness of the procedure and primarily involve pancreatitis … • MRI risks mainly involve adverse reactions to contrast media. … EUS-FNA risks are due to the physical invasiveness of this procedure and primarily 16 involve pancreatitis … four imaging studies are not equally available at all institutions, and each study has its associated risks

386. Interventions To Prevent Age-Related Cognitive Decline, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Clinical Alzheimer’s-Type Dementia (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/cognitive-decline_executive.pdf
     March 01, 2017 - Although many putative risk factors have been identified, the challenge is to identify any interventions … Interventions represent one way to establish the veracity of risk factors. … Results were extracted only from studies assessed as having low to moderate risk of bias. … not the risk of CATD or of a combined outcome of MCI or CATD compared to placebo … Raloxifene may reduce risk of MCI.

387. Interventions To Prevent Age-Related Cognitive Decline, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Clinical Alzheimer’s-Type Dementia (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cognitive-decline_executive.pdf
     March 01, 2017 - Although many putative risk factors have been identified, the challenge is to identify any interventions … Interventions represent one way to establish the veracity of risk factors. … Results were extracted only from studies assessed as having low to moderate risk of bias. … not the risk of CATD or of a combined outcome of MCI or CATD compared to placebo … Raloxifene may reduce risk of MCI.

388. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/genitourinary-symptoms-protocol_0.pdf
     July 10, 2023 - We will not extract data from high risk of bias studies or for outcomes that are high risk of bias. … Assessment of Methodological Risk of Bias of Individual Studies Risk of bias of eligible studies by … will review each risk of bias assessment. … We will calculate risk ratios (RR) and absolute risk differences (RD) with the corresponding 95 percent … difference ROB Risk of bias ROBINS-I Risk Of Bias In Non-Randomized Studies - of Interventions RR

389. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/osteoporosis-bone-fracture_research-protocol.pdf
     May 14, 2010 - KQ2: How does fracture reduction resulting from treatments vary between individuals with different risks … c) What are the effects of adherence and persistence on the risk of fractures? … for OP fractures Health Outcomes: Change in fracture risk (KQ1,2) Change in BMD (KQ5[?] … KQ5 assesses the ability of risk predictors to identify people who are at greater risk of OP fracture … Assessment of fracture risk. Osteoporos Int 2005;16(6):581-9. 6.

390. Covariate Selection for Observational Comparative Effectiveness Research
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/covariate-selection-chapter-7.pptx
     January 01, 2013 - Causal graph illustrating a baseline risk factor (C0) for the outcome (Y1). … Confounding by indication and channeling over time: the risks of beta 2-agonists. … after antihypertensive treatment is initiated [C1]) is unnecessary and likely to induce bias toward a relative … risk of 1.0, though the direction can sometimes be the opposite. … (risk factors) to avoid including strong instruments and colliders.

391. Depression-Postpartum-Screening Executive (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/depression-postpartum-screening_executive.pdf
     May 01, 2013 - Institute of Medicine,5 maternal postpartum depression has also been associated with an increased risk … Summary judgments for these studies were assigned as high risk of bias, low risk of bias, or unclear … Ten were judged to have a high risk of biased results; the remainder were judged to be at low risk. … Two studies were rated low risk of bias, 10 high risk of bias, and 3 unclear risk of bias. … Only one study judged to be at high risk of bias provided a specific estimate of the effect of a risk

392. Intermittent Inhalded Corticosteroids and Long-Acting Muscarinic Antagonists for Asthma (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-194-evidence-summary-corticosteroids-asthma.pdf
     October 01, 2017 - ICS controller • Does affect: – The risk of exacerbations requiring oral corticosteroids (low SOE) … combined with LABA as controller and quick relief vs. a higher ICS controller dose • Reduces the risk … ICS and LABA as controller at the same ICS dose • Reduces the risk of exacerbations measured as a … ICS controller • Does not affect the risk of exacerbations, regardless of definition (low SOE) • … ICS and LABA as controller at the same ICS dose • Reduces: – The risk of exacerbations defined as

393. Evidence Summary: Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 236 Maternal, Fetal, and Child Outcomes of Mental Health Treatments in Women: A Systematic Review of Perinatal Pharmacologic Interventions (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/cer-236-mental-health-pregnancy-evidence-summary.pdf
     April 01, 2021 - harsh punishment, impaired development of infant emotional regulation and attachment, and greater risk … • Brexanolone probably improves depressive symptoms; it may increase the risk of sedation or somnolence … Regarding maternal harms, benzodiazepine before conception may be associated with an increased risk … During pregnancy, exposure to several antidepressants may be associated with a higher risk of postpartum … A significant constraint to interpreting the evidence is the widespread risk of confounding.

394. Effective Health Care (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/TND_0407_01-20-2011.pdf
     January 01, 2011 - improved wound healing; decreased rates of amputation; decreased rates of cardiovascular events; bleeding risks … Does aspirin reduce the risk of adverse cardiovascular events (MI, stroke, cardiovascular death) in … )  PAD is a prevalent disease associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events.

395. RESPONSE TO REQUEST FOR WORK ASSIGNMENT (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/copd-anticholinergic-medicines_research.pdf
     December 01, 2009 - Tiotropium in combination with two other medications was associated with increased risk of mortality … TIO+IPRA+ICS, TIO+LABA+IPRA, TIO+THEO+IPRA, etc.) where there was an increased risk of mortality (HR … Second, medications used in combination with tiotropium may be associated with increased risks and therefore … This is particularly true if risks reported for ipratropium represent a class effect for anticholinergic … If this is the case, our study design is not optimal for identifying risks associated with tiotropium

396. Grading_didactic_faculty_approved (ppt file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/grading.ppt
     January 01, 2010 - grade Four Required Domains: Risk of Bias Four Required Domains: Risk of Bias The risk of bias for … Risk-of-bias scores are denoted as high, medium, or low. … High risk of bias lowers the strength-of-evidence grade; low risk of bias raises the strength-of-evidence … Guiding Principles: Risk of Bias Guiding Principles: Risk of Bias The risk of bias based on the design … Guiding Principles: Risk of Bias Example Guiding Principles: Risk of Bias Example This is an example

397. AHRQ Slide Template-Widescreen
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/pdf/epc-maternal-health-grand-rounds-slides.pptx
     January 01, 2023 - of Bias of each study Strength of Evidence (SoE) across studies by considering risk of bias, consistency … of Bias: 5 Low, 35 Moderate, 24 High Key Question 2: Insurance Coverage (28 Studies) 28 NRCSs Risk … Versus Clinic Visits for Breastfeeding Care 32 Abbreviations: CI = confidence interval, RoB = risk … of bias, RR = relative risk No evidence of difference in hospital readmission by 3 months Results … ) Population and intervention targets: Limited data on general postpartum care, especially for at-risk

398. Noninvasive Treatments for Low Back Pain (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/back-pain-treatment_research_executive.pdf
     February 01, 2016 - confidence interval; NSAID = nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; RCT = randomized controlled trial; RR = relative … vs. placebo of nausea, dizziness, constipation, vomiting, somnolence, and dry mouth; risks of opioids … PENS = percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation; RDQ = Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire; RR = relative … The Effectiveness and Risks of Long-Term Opioid Treatment of Chronic Pain. … The effectiveness and risks of long-term opioid therapy for chronic pain: a systematic review for a

399. Systematic Review on Nonopioid Pharmacologic Treatments for Chronic Pain: Surveillance Report 2 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/surveillance-report-2-nonopioid-pharm-chronic-pain.pdf
     April 01, 2022 - In patients with chronic pain, what are the risks of nonopioid pharmacologic agents for harms including … increased risk of dizziness.6,7,9 1 RCT (n=306) found increased risk of SAEs, sedation, and visual … disturbances.6,7 1 RCT (n=60) found increased risk of WAEs and nonsignificantly increased risk … –10 VAS -1.63, p<0.001) and increased likelihood of 30-percent improvement in pain (95% vs. 35.7%, relative … In patients with chronic pain, what are the risks of nonopioid pharmacologic agents for harms including

400. Suppl-2-User-Guide-To-Ocer 130129 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/suppl-2-user-guide-to-ocer_130129.pdf
     January 01, 2011 - of experiencing the outcome in the two groups at the time of treatment assignment is equal to the risk … In addition, because the outcome risks in the subpopulations are equivalent at the time treatment is … assigned, the observed risk difference between the treatment groups can be attributed to treatment … Using the risk difference scale, this means that the conditional risk difference can be used to estimate … the marginal causal risk difference (Pr[Y=1|A=1] - Pr[Y=1|A=0]) = (Pr[Ya=1=1]- (Pr[Ya=0=1]).