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Total Results: 2,111 records

Showing results for "risk".

241. Disposition of Comments Report for Pharmacologic and Mechanical Prophylaxis of Venous Thromboembolism Among Special Populations (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/vte-prophyalaxis_disposition-comments.pdf
     May 29, 2013 - authors do a lot of pooling of data (including, it appears, both absolute event rates as well as relative … risk estimates). … In response, the relative risk meta-analysis in the report has now been performed independantly in … moderate bias risk and none had a low risk of bias. … We have updated the figures to include the n/N along with the relative risk and Confidence interval

242. Draft - Primary Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy for Localized Prostate Cancer: Appendix D2 Tables (xls file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/hypofractionated-radiation-therapy-draft-appendix-d2.xlsx
     January 01, 2024 - …Three treatment groups were defined based on risk of seminal vesicle involvement: group 1 had a risk … of 10% or less; group 2 had a risk of 10–25%; group 3 had a risk of higher than 25%. … of seminal vesicle involvement: group 1 had a risk of ≤10%; group 2 had a risk of 10–25%; group 3 had … a risk of >25%. … Prostate + Seminal Vesicles SBRT,IGRT,VMAT Yes ADT (6 mo intermediate risk, 18 mo high risk) Yes Yes

243. CER 221 Disposition of Comments: Pharmacologic and Nonpharmacologic Therapies in Adult Patients With Exacerbation of COPD (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-221-copd-comments_0.pdf
     October 11, 2019 - risk) for binary outcomes? … Why not a relative risk? … There are pros and cons for odds ratio versus relative risk and there is no preferred way for sure. … Odds ratio has better statistical properties than relative risk such as being symmetrical when converting … We used the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool.

244. An analytical framework for quantifying components of variability in prescriber decisions (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/instrumental-variable-methods_research.pdf
     April 01, 2010 - Simultaneous assessment of short-term gastrointestinal benefits and cardiovascular risks of selective … range. 5 However, in medicine and epidemiology interest often focuses on ratio measures such as relative … risks or rates. … structural nested mean model of Robins, 61 Hernan and Robins 5 provide an estimator of the causal relative … risk.

245. Long-Term Drug Therapy and Drug Holidays for Osteoporotic Fracture Prevention (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/research-protocol-osteoporosis_2.pdf
     October 05, 2018 - Because risks of hip, vertebral and other fractures rise steeply with age, and because the population … of infection, teriparatide increases risk of hypercalcemia, raloxifene increases risk of hot flashes … [e.g., past fracture, BMD or fracture risk calculator]). … All eligible studies first will be assessed for risk of bias (see IV.E. for details of risk of bias … assess each eligible study for risk of bias in its design, analysis and reporting.[18] Risk of bias

246. Layout 1 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer18-heart-disease-ace-inhibitor-arb-executive.pdf
     October 01, 2009 - dysfunction or heart failure was no better than the use of captopril alone and carried an increased risk … Key Question 4 ACE inhibitors or ARBs significantly increase the risk of withdrawing due to adverse … The ACE inhibitor ramipril and the ARB telmisartan have similar efficacy, similar risks of harms, and … better in lower risk patients while ACE inhibitors work better in higher risk patients. … Perhaps the lowest risk group was least likely to receive aspirin therapy.

247. Living Systematic Review on Cannabis and Other Plant-Based Treatments for Chronic Pain: Surveillance Report 3 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-250-cannabis-surveillance-report-3_0.pdf
     May 01, 2022 - There may be a large increased risk of dizziness and sedation, and a moderate increased risk of nausea … -point scale • SMD >0.8 • RR/OR ≥2.0 Abbreviations: MD = mean difference; OR = odds ratio; RR = relative … confidence interval; KQ = Key Question; MD = mean difference; RCT = randomized controlled trial; RR = relative … ; KQ = Key Question; MD = mean difference; OR = odds ratio; RCT = randomized controlled trial; RR = relative … General risks of harm with cannabinoids, cannabis, and cannabis-based medicine possibly relevant to

248. Medical Therapies for Locally Advanced Gastric Adenocarcinoma (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/gastric-cancers-protocol.pdf
     January 01, 2024 - We will assess the risk of bias for RCTs using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 (ROB2) and NRSIs (including … As different outcomes and results from the same study may reflect different risks of bias (e.g., objective … yields a higher SOE rating than a set of studies at moderate or high risk of bias. … of bias is comparable to an RCT at low risk of bias. … RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials.

249. Research White Paper Registries in Accountable Care Addendum Registries for Evaluating Patient Outcomes Third Edition (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/accountable-care-registries-guide-3rd-ed-addendum-white-paper-2018-5.pdf
     January 01, 2018 - For instance, one report posits three levels of utilization risk: the low risk patient, the rising-risk … patient and the high-risk patient.24 Rising risk refers to patients who have multiple risk factors … months after the date of service, making them less useful for both assessing and addressing current risks … Data must be available as soon as possible to provide for ongoing care planning and identifying new risks … Managing the risks of healthcare reform: Using risk adjustment and predictive methodologies to drive

250. Executive Summary_Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 259: Partial Breast Irradiation for Breast Cancer (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-259-partial-breast-irradiation-executive-summary.pdf
     January 01, 2023 - with 15-20 treatments delivered over three to four weeks.2, 3 Although WBI successfully reduces the risk … Analysis of patterns of recurrence and pathology findings have supported that the area at highest risk … This highlights the need to investigate outcomes of PBI among patients with adverse risk factors. … These advancements result in improved dose homogeneity that may lower the risk for adverse events. … fractionation schedule, and planning parameters are recognized as critically important to understand the risks

251. Management of Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors in Youth: A Systematic Review (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/suicidal-thoughts-young-people-exe-sum.pdf
     April 01, 2025 - 3 implementation of interventions for children, adolescents, and young adults at high risk … harms of treatments for suicidal thoughts and behaviors in specific populations of youths deemed at risk … for suicide and those from populations deemed at risk. … Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors Among High School Students — Youth Risk Behavior Survey. … Intervention research with persons at high risk for suicidality: safety and ethical considerations.

252. Systematic Review on Acute Treatments for Episodic Migraine: Surveillance Report 1 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/episodic-migraine-surveillance-report-1.pdf
     June 01, 2022 - risk Low risk Low risk Ashina, 20213 High risk Moderate risk Low risk High risk Low risk Low risk … Moderate risk Low risk Low risk Low risk Low risk Hodgson, 20216 Low risk Low risk Low risk Low risk … Low risk Low risk Hokenek, 20217 Low risk Low risk Low risk Low risk Low risk Moderate risk Kandil … Low risk Low risk Low risk Low risk Lipton, 202110 High risk High risk Low risk Low risk Low risk Low … Abbreviations: AE = adverse event; CI = confidence interval; mg = milligram; N/A = not applicable; RR = relative

253. EHC Research Protocol (Amended): Treatments for Acute Episodic Migraine (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/migraine-treatments-research-amended-protocol.pdf
     January 09, 2020 - In addition to effectiveness, decisionmakers need information on potential adverse risks, and special … Frequent use of acute pharmacologic treatments carries the risk of medication overuse headache (MOH) … Assessment of the Risk of Bias of Individual Studies: We will evaluate the risk of bias of the included … studies (in a particular comparison) have high or unclear risk of bias. … RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials.

254. Grading Strength of Evidence: Interactive Quiz (ppt file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/grading-quiz.ppt
     May 29, 2025 - Individual studies are rated for their internal validity or risk of bias. … Only one of these is quality (risk of bias) of the individual studies. … Risk of bias, consistency, directness, and precision Risk of bias, consistency, directness, precision … The four required domains are risk of bias (i.e., quality ratings for individual studies with respect … The four required domains are risk of bias, consistency, directness, and precision.

255. Grading Strength of Evidence: Interactive Quiz (ppt file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/grading-quiz.ppt
     May 29, 2025 - Individual studies are rated for their internal validity or risk of bias. … Only one of these is quality (risk of bias) of the individual studies. … Risk of bias, consistency, directness, and precision Risk of bias, consistency, directness, precision … The four required domains are risk of bias (i.e., quality ratings for individual studies with respect … The four required domains are risk of bias, consistency, directness, and precision.

256. Breastfeeding and Health Outcomes for Infants and Children (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/breastfeeding-health-outcomes-protocol-amendment.pdf
     February 03, 2025 - risk of bias domains defined in the AHRQ Methods Guide49, 50 and using an adapted version of the Risk … We will rate the risk of bias for each study by domain and overall, as low, moderate, or high risk of … Two independent reviewers will assess the risk of bias for each primary study. … outcomes; analytic methods including adjustment for confounding factors; and results (e.g., absolute and relative … risks of the outcome) favoring those that are adjusted for potential confounders rather than unadjusted

257. Breastfeeding Programs and Policies, Breastfeeding Uptake, and Maternal Health Outcomes in Developed Countries Evidence Summary (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-210-breastfeeding-evidence-summary.pdf
     January 01, 2020 - Past obstetric history and risk of malignant breast neoplasms. … Population Attributable Risk of Modifiable and Nonmodifiable Breast Cancer Risk Factors in Postmenopausal … Gender of offspring and maternal ovarian cancer risk. … Influence of parity and lactation on hip fracture risk. … Maternal health factors as risks for postnatal depression: a prospective longitudinal study.

258. Breastfeeding and Health Outcomes for Infants and Children (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/breastfeeding-health-outcomes-protocol.pdf
     February 01, 2023 - risk of bias domains defined in the AHRQ Methods Guide49, 50 and using an adapted version of the Risk … We will rate the risk of bias for each study by domain and overall, as low, moderate, or high risk of … Two independent reviewers will assess the risk of bias for each primary study. … outcomes; analytic methods including adjustment for confounding factors; and results (e.g., absolute and relative … risks of the outcome) favoring those that are adjusted for potential confounders rather than unadjusted

259. Medical Therapies for Locally Advanced Gastric Adenocarcinoma (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/gastric-cancers-protocol-amendment.pdf
     May 02, 2025 - We will assess the risk of bias for RCTs using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 (ROB2) and NRSIs (including … As different outcomes and results from the same study may reflect different risks of bias (e.g., objective … yields a higher SOE rating than a set of studies at moderate or high risk of bias. … of bias is comparable to an RCT at low risk of bias. … RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials.

260. Rheumatoid-Arthritis-Medicine Surveillance (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/rheumatoid-arthritis-medicine_surveillance.pdf
     March 01, 2013 - (Low) RCTs of early RA treatment showed no difference in risk of serious infection or risk of malignancy … Biologics neither decreased nor increased cardiovascular risks in the elderly. … Risk did not differ significantly by specific drug. … MTX not associated with reduced risk. … Biologics neither decreased nor increased cardiovascular risks in the elderly.