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Total Results: 2,117 records

Showing results for "risk".

161. Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis in Major Orthopedic Surgery: Systematic Review Update (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/thromboembolism-update-executive-170622.pdf
     June 01, 2017 - • In THR, LMWH has lower VTE and adverse event risks than unfractionated heparin; LMWH and aspirin … have similar risks of VTE and major bleeding; direct thrombin inhibitors (DTI) have lower DVT risk … SoE), but similar risks for total VTE (moderate SoE) and symptomatic DVT (low SoE); risk of major … VKA: There is a tradeoff in risks between the two drug classes, such that LMWH better lowers risk of … SoE), but similar risks for symptomatic DVT (low SoE); risk of major bleeding is lower with LMWH (

162. Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis in Major Orthopedic Surgery: Systematic Review Update (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/thromboembolism-update-executive-170622.pdf
     June 01, 2017 - • In THR, LMWH has lower VTE and adverse event risks than unfractionated heparin; LMWH and aspirin … have similar risks of VTE and major bleeding; direct thrombin inhibitors (DTI) have lower DVT risk … SoE), but similar risks for total VTE (moderate SoE) and symptomatic DVT (low SoE); risk of major … VKA: There is a tradeoff in risks between the two drug classes, such that LMWH better lowers risk of … SoE), but similar risks for symptomatic DVT (low SoE); risk of major bleeding is lower with LMWH (

163. Cesarean-Birth-2010 Executive (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cesarean-birth-2010_executive.pdf
     January 01, 2010 - reduce fear of labor, education about how to push in labor, and preemptive management of specific risks … of using a partogram to graph labor progress along with active management to augment labor (7.4%, relative … We did not include studies focused only on high-risk populations. … Previous cesarean delivery and risks of placenta previa and placental abruption. … Physician contribution to a cesarean delivery risk model.

164. CER 173 Executive Summary: Diabetes Medications for Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: An Update (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/diabetes-update-2015_executive.pdf
     January 01, 2015 - strength of evidence that sulfonylurea monotherapy was associated with a 50-percent to 70-percent higher relative … difference; RR = relative risk; SOE = strength of evidence. … Sulfonylurea monotherapy was associated with a 50-percent to 70-percent higher relative risk of cardiovascular … These other monotherapies’ effects on body weight vary, as do their risks, such as congestive heart … medications on weight, hypoglycemia, and gastrointestinal and other side effects; tolerance of unknown risks

165. Omega−3 Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease: An Updated Systematic Review (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/fatty-acids-cardiovascular-disease_executive.pdf
     August 01, 2016 - It found significant associations between higher plasma DPA and lower risks of all-cause and CVD death … , which included people who may have other nutrition deficiencies that may affect chronic disease risks … or associations of higher n-3 FA intake or biomarker levels and lower cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks … Report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Consultation on the Risks and Benefits of Fish Consumption. … Seafood Choices: Balancing Benefits and Risks. Nesheim MC, Yaktine AL, editors.

166. Febrile-Infants-Diagnosis-Management Executive (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/febrile-infants-diagnosis-management_executive.pdf
     March 01, 2012 - dilemma that practitioners often face is how to avoid missing a case of SBI versus how to avoid the risks … What is the evidence for the potential risks resulting from a delay in the diagnosis and treatment … There is very little evidence on the risks of delayed diagnosis and management of low-risk infants who … The group of low-risk patients needs to be defined by incorporating risks associated with age group … Risks for bacteremia and urinary tract infections in young febrile children with bronchiolitis.

167. Migraine-Adults-Executive-130408 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/migraine-adults-executive-130408.pdf
     April 01, 2013 - Using Meta-Analyst and STATA® software, we calculated the relative risk and absolute risk difference … We evaluated the strength of the association, defining a priori a large effect when relative risk was … >2 and a very large effect when relative risk was >5.25 We defined low magnitude of the effect when … relative risk was significant but <2. … Our review demonstrated that a relative risk of adverse effects with onabotulinumtoxin A was lower

168. Disposition of Comments Report for Treatment of Depression During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/depression-pregnancy-postpartum_disposition-comments.pdf
     July 08, 2014 - Socioeconomic status may be an important modifying factor, but does not argue against the risks associated … We agree that it is very important to understand the risks of antidepressant treatment to pregnant and … postpartum women and offspring, as well as the risks of depression to pregnant and postpartum women … unclear whether the signal evidence from this systematic review warrants singling out these three risks … Added definition for RRR: relative risk reduction (reported in the study rather than relative risk)

169. Evidence Summary_Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 248: Prehabilitation and Rehabilitation for Major Joint Replacement (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/joint-replacement-evidence%20-summary.pdf
     November 01, 2021 - o Prehabilitation prior to TKA may not increase the risk of harms (low SoE). … We assessed the risk of bias and evaluated the SoE using standard methods. … Prehabilitation prior to TKA may not increase the risk of harms (low SoE). … Post-acute rehabilitation may have comparable risks of harms among various rehabilitation interventions … The included studies were mostly at moderate to high risk of bias.

170. Thompson_ECCS2012 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/thompson_eccs2012.pdf
     January 01, 2012 - Louis,  MO Slide 2: Informed Decision Making  (1 of 2) • Understands  the  nature  and risks …   • Understands  the  risks  and benefits   • Understands  alternatives • Participates … . o Presenting risk information increased perceived risk without increasing  worry,  fear,  or … o How should risk information be presented? … . o Include social math strategies. o Graphically show risks/harms, as well as benefits (facts boxes

171. Primary Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy for Localized Prostate Cancer: Research Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/hypofractionated-radiation-therapy-protocol.pdf
     April 17, 2024 - Assessment of Methodological Risk of Bias of Individual Studies: We define the risk of bias as the risk … We will assess the risk of bias for each included study using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 (ROB2) tool … category, and risk of bias rating. … >0.8 RR/OR/HR ≥2.0 Abbreviations: HR = hazard ratio; MD = mean difference; OR = odds ratio; RR = relative … risk; SMD = standardized mean difference.

172. Cer-242-Radiation-Therapy-Brain-Metastases-Evidence-Summary (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/cer-242-radiation-therapy-brain-metastases-evidence-summary.pdf
     June 01, 2021 - • Risk of bias varied, 25 RCTs were terminated early, predominantly due to poor accrual. … WBRT plus systemic therapy was associated with increased risk for vomiting. … Random effects meta-analyses computed hazard ratios (HRs), relative risks (RRs), and standardized mean … Risk of bias varied, 25 trials were terminated early and the quality of adverse assessment and reporting … to 3.44; 4 studies, low SoE). 6 WBRT plus systemic therapy showed an increased risk

173. Effective Health Care (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/TND_0251_05-20-2010.pdf
     January 01, 2010 - Staff-Generated PICOS: Population(s): Patients at risk of developing pressure ulcers and patients with … pressure ulcers Intervention(s): Identification of patients at risk for, prevention, and treatment … specialized mattresses, undergarments, creams, and nursing routines Outcome(s): For measures of risk … How can we identify patients at risk for pressure ulcers in the hospital or long-term care setting … what is the evidence for the validity and reliability of various instruments for estimating these risks

174. Progestogens-Preterm-Birth Executive (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/progestogens-preterm-birth_executive.pdf
     September 01, 2012 - spending in the United States.4 The ultimate goal in preventing preterm birth is to eliminate the risks … factors or cointerventions intended to further reduce risk of preterm birth. … Lack of large-scale, systematic evidence about potential risks of treatment is concerning to providers … of progestogen, to determine whether long-term outcomes are improved, and to rule out longer term risks … Progesterone and the risk of preterm birth among women with a short cervix.

175. Ch 3-User-Guide-To-Ocer 130129 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/ch_3-user-guide-to-ocer_130129.pdf
     September 21, 2012 - For the relative risk model, u i = log [prob(Y i (2)=1)] – log[prob(Y i (1)=1)]. … excluded from a randomized trial, but a treating clinician may decide that the benefits outweigh the risks … They used existing risk models (Framingham and Reynolds risk scores), as well as a prediction model … The average treatment effect (ATE) (relative risk) was applied to calculate individual treatment effects … Subgroup analyses in randomised controlled trials: quantifying the risks of false-positives and false-negatives

176. Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Wellbeing and Mental Health in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/ped-mindfulness-protocol-amended.pdf
     September 25, 2024 - Assessment of Methodological Risk of Bias of Individual Studies: We define the risk of bias as the risk … We will assess the risk of bias for each included study using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 (ROB2) tool … 100-point scale SMD >0.8 RR/OR ≥2.0 Abbreviations: MD = mean difference; OR = odds ratio; RR = relative … risk; SMD = standardized mean difference. … Strategies; PedsQL = Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory; RADS = Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale; RR = relative

177. CER 226: Evidence summary_Labor Dystocia (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/Evidence%20Summary_2.pdf
     May 01, 2020 - Abbreviations: CI=confidence interval; hr=hours; RCT=randomized controlled trial; RR=relative risk; SOE … confidence interval; EA=epidural analgesia; MD=mean difference: RCT=randomized controlled trial; RR=relative … Abbreviations: CI=confidence interval; NICU=neonatal intensive care unit; RCT=randomized controlled trial; RR=relative … Abbreviations: RCT=randomized controlled trial; RR=relative risk; SOE=strength of evidence; SR=systematic … Key findings include: • Valsalva/coached and spontaneous/uncoached pushing have similar risks of trauma

178. Evidence Summary_Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 257: Schedule of Visits and Televisits for Routine Antenatal Care: A Systematic Review (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-257-antenatal-care-evidence-summary.pdf
     June 01, 2022 - overcrowding (of clinics), may increase clinic time available to be directed to patients with high-risk … The RCTs were mostly at low risk of bias, except that studies could not blind the intervention (one … The survey was at low risk of bias. The number of televisits ranged from one to five. … increased risks (e.g., stressors). … The NRCSs were almost all unadjusted and thus subject to high risk of bias.

179. Ems-Blood-Transfusion-Draft-Report-App-F (xls file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/ems-blood-transfusion-draft-report-app-f.xlsx
     August 18, 2025 - Risk of bias for randomized controlled trials Appendix Table F-2. … Risk of bias for cohort studies Appendix Table F-3. … Risk of bias for before-after studies Appendix Table F-4. … Risk of bias assessment for before-after studies Table F-4. … NR Not reported RCT Randomized controlled trial RoB Risk of bias

180. Renal-Function Executive (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/renal-function_executive.pdf
     August 01, 2014 - through December 2004, and found 17 studies evaluating troponin T for all-cause mortality (pooled relative … They found 12 studies for troponin I for all- cause mortality (pooled relative risk, 1.7; 95% confidence … individual studies identified for troponin I were not statistically significant, but their pooled relative … We were able to perform meta-analyses for both HRs (time to event) and ORs (relative risk) as available … , whereas Khan et al. only performed relative risk analyses.