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Total Results: 2,117 records

Showing results for "risk".

141. Osteoporosis-Bone-Fracture Executive (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/osteoporosis-bone-fracture_executive.pdf
     March 01, 2012 - reduction resulting from treatments vary between individuals with different risks for fracture as … with different risks for fracture as determined by bone mineral density, risk assessment score, prior … risk. … How does fracture risk reduction resulting from treatments vary between individuals with different risks … Given the established adverse events associated with treatment, and newly identified risks such as

142. Disposition of Comments for Interventions To Improve Cardiovascular Risk Factors in People With Serious Mental Illness (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/mental-illness-heart_disposition-comments.pdf
     April 22, 2013 - Disposition of Comments for Interventions To Improve Cardiovascular Risk Factors in People With Serious … conclusions regaring overall risk while isolating individual risk factors. … such as the Framingham risk score. … Further, changes in risk (even short-term) may drive clinical decisionmaking. … These risks are hard to quantify and may not be apparent from measures of side effects or treatment

143. Multiple-Sclerosis Executive (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/multiple-sclerosis_executive.pdf
     April 01, 2015 - • Because of high risk of bias and small sample sizes, evidence is insufficient to address the risks … Eight observational studies (all high risk of bias) addressed the risks of rebound disease activity … Twelve observational studies (all high risk of bias) addressed the benefits and risks to mothers and … Thus, personal preferences about risks take on more weight. … Multiple sclerosis patients’ benefit-risk preferences: serious adverse event risks versus treatment

144. Heart-Failure-Transition-Care Executive (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/heart-failure-transition-care_executive.pdf
     May 01, 2014 - Effective Health Care Program 2 uncontrolled hypertension are the two highest population- attributable risks … Risk-of-Bias Assessment of Individual Studies To assess the risk of bias (internal validity) of studies … the risk of bias for each study. … For binary outcomes, we calculated relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). … bNA entry for NNT indicates that the relative risk (95% CI) was not statistically significant, so we

145. Nonpharmacological Versus Pharmacological Treatment for Patients With Major Depressive Disorder: Current State of the Evidence (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/major-depressive-disorder_clinician.pdf
     September 01, 2016 - . �� Low-level evidence suggests that the risk of adverse events and the rates of discontinuation due … statistically significant difference; CBT = cognitive behavioral therapy; CI = confidence interval; RR = relative … risk; SGA = second-generation antidepressant; SOE = strength of evidence Table 1: Summary of the … Black Box Warnings for Drugs Used To Treat MDD Drug(s) FDA Black Box Warning All SGAs �� Increased risks … effective nonpharmacological and pharmacological treatment options are available for MDD �� The risks

146. Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 234 Evidence Summary: Management of Primary Headaches in Pregnancy (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-234-headaches-pregnancy-summary.pdf
     November 01, 2020 - gabapentin, and valproate may have similar adverse effect profiles, but lamotrigine may have a low risk … Lamotrigine may have a lower risk of adverse effects: no increased risk of spontaneous abortion, stillbirth … particular) (low to moderate SoE for specific adverse effects) and antihistamines (moderate SoE) had low risks … no increased risk or unknown risk of other fetal/child AEs, this table includes only the indicator for … increased risk.

147. Physiologic Predictors of the Need for Trauma Center Care: A Systematic Review (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/predictors-trauma-care_research-protocol.pdf
     May 31, 2017 - e.g., odds ratio, relative risk, hazards ratio); (2) discrimination (e.g., area under the receiver operating … of bias,” “medium risk of bias,” or “high risk of bias.” … Adjusted risk estimates may include odds ratios, risk ratios, and hazard ratios. … (e.g., odds ratio, relative risk, hazards ratio); (2) discrimination (e.g., area under the receiver … (e.g., odds ratio, relative risk, hazards ratio); (2) discrimination (e.g., area under the receiver

148. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/migraine-prevention_research-protocol.pdf
     November 03, 2011 - risk). 6. … risk, and absolute risk differences. … We will evaluate the strength of the association, defining a priori a large effect when relative risk … is >2 or <0.5 and a very large effect when relative risk is >5 or <0.2. 47 We will define low magnitude … of the effect when relative risk is significant but <2.

149. Politi (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/politi.pdf
     May 29, 2025 - Preference-­‐Sensitive  Decisions Preference-­‐Sensitive Decisions: • BCS vs. mastectomy for average risk … Decisions With Low Evidence: • BCS vs. mastectomy for patients with unknown family  history/unknown BC risk … Slide  8: Informational Uncertainty • Unavailable evidence (studies not yet conducted) • Unknown risk … Recommendations • Describe options and uncertainty (general terms) • Focus less on quantitative risks … Explore the Decision  (Options, Benefits, Risks, Uncertainty) 3.

150. Han (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/han.pdf
     December 26, 2012 - based input for shared decision  making, by providing estimates of the individual probabilities of risks … Slide 21: Representing  indeterminacy in risk estimates: new approaches • Limited  evidence on … effectiveness o No apparent effects on risk perceptions o Increase subjective uncertainty about   … One bar shows risk  as a solid bar.  The other shows risk  as a blurred bar.   … Slide 25: Methodological problems • Separation of strength of recommendation (risk) vs. quality  

151. Kidney-Disease-Medicine Surveillance (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/kidney-disease-medicine_surveillance.pdf
     October 01, 2012 - Relative risk reduction was not significantly different than in similar patients who did not have … commission on Human medicines concluded that the benefits of rosiglitazone no longer outweigh its risks … cohort study of the association of eGFR, proteinuria and adverse clinical outcomes found that the risks … Renal outcomes in hypertensive Black patients at high cardiovascular risk. … Relative risk reduction was not significantly different than in similar patients who did not have

152. Masks for Prevention of COVID-19 in Community and Healthcare Settings (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/rapid-review-masks-prevention-covid-version-1.pdf
     December 01, 2021 - in risk of clinical respiratory illness. … Risk factors for SARS infection within hospitals in Hanoi, Vietnam. … incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection by use of personal protective equipment (PPE) by health workers Relative … Risk factors for SARS infection within hospitals in Hanoi, Vietnam. … Risk of Bias Assessments Appendix E. Ongoing Studies Report References

153. Kidney-Stone-Prevention Research-Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/kidney-stone-prevention_research-protocol.pdf
     June 15, 2011 - RevMan) version 5.0 software. 33 Random effects models will be used to generate pooled estimates of relative … risks and 95 percent confidence intervals. … The risk of bias—based on study design and conduct—will be rated low, medium, or high. … Prospective study of beverage use and the risk of kidney stones. … History of kidney stones as a possible risk factor for chronic kidney disease.

154. Systematic Review on Opioid Treatments for Chronic Pain: Surveillance Report 2 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/opioid-chronic-pain-surveillance-report-2.pdf
     April 01, 2022 - mitigation strategies, dose-dependent risks of opioids, and management of opioid use disorder, all … In patients with chronic pain, what are the risks of opioids versus placebo or no opioid on: (1) opioid … In patients with chronic pain, what are the comparative risks of opioids versus nonopioid therapies … In patients with chronic pain, what are the comparative risks of opioids plus nonopioid interventions … Experiencing the Risks of Overutilizing Opioids Among Patients With Non-Tumor Chronic Pain in Ambulant

155. Systematic Review on Opioid Treatments for Chronic Pain: Surveillance Report 1 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/opioids-chronic-pain-surveillance-report-1-final.pdf
     April 01, 2022 - increased likelihood of experiencing a pain response (>30% reduction in pain intensity, 60% vs. 35%, relative … In patients with chronic pain, what are the risks of opioids versus placebo or no opioid on: (1) opioid … In patients with chronic pain, what are the comparative risks of opioids versus nonopioid therapies … In patients with chronic pain, what are the comparative risks of opioids plus nonopioid interventions … Risk Assessment and Risk Mitigation Strategies: a.

156. Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Wellbeing and Mental Health in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/ped-mindfulness-protocol-amendment.pdf
     February 05, 2025 - Assessment of Methodological Risk of Bias of Individual Studies: We define the risk of bias as the risk … We will assess the risk of bias for each included study using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 (ROB2) tool … 100-point scale SMD >0.8 RR/OR ≥2.0 Abbreviations: MD = mean difference; OR = odds ratio; RR = relative … risk; SMD = standardized mean difference. … Strategies; PedsQL = Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory; RADS = Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale; RR = relative

157. Disposition of Comments_Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 245: Breast Reconstruction After Mastectomy (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/cer-245-breast-reconstruction-after-mastectomy-disposition-comments.pdf
     October 01, 2021 - For example, the discussion of the risks of reconstruction with breast implants barely mentions breast … For example, when discussing the risks of reconstruction with breast implants, the draft only mentions … mention that when mastectomies are unnecessary, choosing lumpectomy will make reconstruction (with its risks … Research Introduction The report barely mentions the autoimmune, connective tissue, and neurological risks … It states “These risks of systemic symptoms and BIA-ALCL led the U.S.

158. Rapid Evidence Product: Masks for Prevention of COVID-19 in Community and Healthcare Settings Version 2 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/rapid-review-masks-prevention-covid-version-2.pdf
     December 01, 2021 - of infection with SARS-CoV-2, 15 studies on risk of infection with SARS-CoV-1, and one study on risk … in risk of clinical respiratory illness. … Risk factors for SARS infection within hospitals in Hanoi, Vietnam. … incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection by use of personal protective equipment (PPE) by health workers Relative … Risk factors for SARS infection within hospitals in Hanoi, Vietnam.

159. Making Healthcare Safer IV: Fatigue and Sleepiness of Clinicians Due to Hours of Service (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/fatigue-sleepiness-protocol.pdf
     July 01, 2023 - Patient safety risks due to fatigue and sleepiness of healthcare workers were not addressed in MHS … Fatigue Risk Management in the Workplace. … How effective are Fatigue Risk Management Systems (FRMS)? A review. … The Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. … ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non- randomised studies of interventions.

160. EHC Protocol: Making Healthcare Safer IV: Opioid Stewardship (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/mhs4-opioid-stewardship-protocol.pdf
     July 01, 2023 - However, opioids also carry well known risks, including for overdose, misuse, and opioid use disorder … tapering of opioids causing withdrawal, distress, and suicidal ideation.3 Thus, any approach to mitigate risks … The Effectiveness and Risks of Long-Term Opioid Treatment of Chronic Pain. … Pain Management and the Opioid Epidemic: Balancing Societal and Individual Benefits and Risks of Prescription … The Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials.