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81. Draft Recommendation: Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/draft-recommendation/prediabetes-and-type-2-diabetes-mellitus-screening
    March 16, 2021 - Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) and two other studies reported the effect of interventions for newly … In post hoc analyses, the DPP reported that lifestyle intervention was effective in all subgroups and … DPP (n=2,155) reported greater decreases in weight for persons receiving metformin compared with those … Harms of interventions for screen-detected or recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes were sparsely reported … and when reported, rare and not significantly different between intervention and control groups across

82. Draft Recommendation: Screening for Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/draft-recommendation/prediabetes-and-type-2-diabetes-screening
    March 16, 2021 - Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) and two other studies reported the effect of interventions for newly … In post hoc analyses, the DPP reported that lifestyle intervention was effective in all subgroups and … DPP (n=2,155) reported greater decreases in weight for persons receiving metformin compared with those … Harms of interventions for screen-detected or recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes were sparsely reported … and when reported, rare and not significantly different between intervention and control groups across

83. Archived: Child Maltreatment: Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/child-maltreatment-primary-care-interventions-november-2018
    November 27, 2018 - Children with signs or symptoms suggestive of maltreatment should be assessed or reported according to … Only 2 studies that reported outcomes within 2 years of intervention noted statistically significant … measures of abuse and neglect (1/2 trials reported statistically significant reductions in abuse and … None of the mortality outcomes reported reached statistical significance, 21 , 26 , 36 , 37 although … No other disclosures were reported.

84. Evidence Summary: Vitamin D Deficiency in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/vitamin-d-deficiency-screening
    April 13, 2021 - Other Morbidities Studies also reported on the incidence of other morbidities, including diabetes, … Two RCTs conducted among community-dwelling populations reported the effect of vitamin D treatment on … One RCT 37 (subgroup n = 173) reported on incident urinary tract infection over 5 years of follow-up … Some studies reported both outcomes, but others reported only 1 of these outcomes, raising the possibility … Conflict of Interest Disclosures: None reported.

85. Draft Recommendation: Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes in Children and Adolescents: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/draft-recommendation/prediabetes-type2-diabetes-children-adolescents-screening
    December 14, 2021 - The TODAY study reported that 4 youths had severe hypoglycemia. … It also reported that more youths had repeated mild hypoglycemia in the group that received metformin … The 16-week trial reported that more youths treated with metformin than with placebo had abdominal pain … ; however, events were varied, and most found no difference between groups or reported that events were … Few trials reported on the effect of treatment on health outcomes; all studies were underpowered for

86. Screening for Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/8YfPLRoMwTeaDgxJdYnYbb
    September 24, 2019 - No birth or infant outcomes were reported in the Spanish study,15 and the Turkish study reported no significant … Seven studies reported differences in infants with low birth weight (<2500 g or small for gestational … A statistically significant reduction in the risk of low birth weight was reported in 2 studies,20,24 … Discussion A summary of the evidence for this review is reported in Table 3. … Conflict of Interest Disclosures: None reported.

87. Evidence Summary: Iron Deficiency Anemia in Young Children: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary23/iron-deficiency-anemia-in-young-children-screening
    March 30, 2015 - Ten trials assessing iron supplementation in children reported inconsistent findings for hematologic … The effect of IDA in infancy and childhood has been reported in few well-designed, long-term controlled … When otherwise not reported and where possible, relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs … Race or ethnicity was poorly reported. … Six trials (5 fair-quality and 1 poor-quality; n values ranged from 62 to 1657) reported the effect

88. Recommendation: Tobacco Use in Children and Adolescents: Primary Care Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/tobacco-and-nicotine-use-prevention-in-children-and-adolescents-primary-care-interventions
    April 28, 2020 - None of the published trials reported any serious harms; however, study sizes were relatively small. … Two trials reported significant increases in smoking cessation rates in youth receiving interventions … One of the bupropion SR trials also included NRT for all participants. 44 None of the trials reported … of adverse events with bupropion. 14 Some studies reported more headaches, cough, dream disturbance … Dr Barry reported receiving grants and personal fees from Healthwise.

89. Draft Recommendation: Vitamin D Deficiency in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/draft-recommendation/vitamin-d-deficiency-screening-adults
    September 22, 2020 - One study reported more than an 80-fold increase in Medicare reimbursement volumes for vitamin D testing … The USPSTF did find 26 randomized clinical trials and one nested case-control study that reported on … Two trials reported depression outcomes; both reported no significant difference in depression measures … The USPSTF found 36 studies that reported adverse events and harms from treatment with vitamin D (with … In the 10 trials that reported it, there was only one case of kidney stones. 26 Return to Table of

90. Recommendation: Pancreatic Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/pancreatic-cancer-screening
    August 06, 2019 - Among those 10 cases, 5 persons were alive at 12 to 63 months of follow-up, 2 of whom were reported to … normal levels of distress or worry at all time points. 31 , 32 One study reported no change in levels … Six studies reported on the harms of surgery (n = 32 persons receiving surgery). 14 , 17 , 18 , 20 , … . 17 Four studies reported no harms. 18 , 20 , 22 , 33 Pancreatectomy carries a significant risk of … A German study of 428 patients undergoing pancreatectomy (primarily pancreaticoduodenectomy) reported

91. Behavioral Counseling to Prevent Sexually Transmitted Infections: A Systematic Review (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/HQGXw2wkcM7q6TA5eWzdT5
    January 01, 2010 - ) or self-reported behavioral outcomes Self-reported measures of attitude, knowledge, beliefs, ability … In general, few studies reported on other behavioral or biological outcomes (for example, self-reported … Five trials did not show an increase in self- reported unprotected sex (or decrease in self-reported … Self-reported STI incidence and self- reported behavioral outcomes are particularly subject to both assessment … Only 1 trial showed a decrease in self-reported unprotected sexual intercourse and increase in self-reported

92. Screening for Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Evidence Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Home/GetFile/1/17045/pancreatic-cancer-screening-final-evidence-review/pdf
    August 01, 2019 - Methods of assessing harms were variably reported. … One study reported social or occasional alcohol use at 77 percent,133 and one reported history of heavy … harms of EUS or ERCP (one with or without FNA159), one reported harms of CT,160 and one reported harms … Biopsy rates were also inconsistently reported. … (n=160) reported harms of MRI and one (n=98) reported harms of MRCP.155 One study reported harms of

93. Archived: Final Evidence Review: Syphilis Infection: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-review93/syphilis-infection-screening
    July 15, 2004 - to the health department when detected. 9 Differences in reported rates by race and ethnicity may … nationally. 10 According to CDC data, rates of primary and secondary syphilis reported in the U.S. … increased by 2.1 percent from 2000 rates (to 6,103 reported cases) and was the first increase since … From 2000 to 2001, the number of reported cases declined by 19.5 percent for women. … rate of syphilis in this group of men was reported in other U.S. cities as well, including Seattle,

94. Screening for Syphilis: A Brief Update (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/8L5g-QzXLDnUofBUE457DN
    July 01, 2004 - increased by 2.1% from 2000 rates (to 6,103 reported cases) and was the first increase since 1990. … From 2000 to 2001, the number of reported cases declined by 19.5% for women. … This increase was reported as having occurred primarily among men who have sex with men.11 The rising … rate of syphilis in this group of men was reported in other U.S. cities as well, including Seattle, … in African Americans, representing a rate 16 times greater than that reported in whites.

95. Archived: Final Evidence Review: Syphilis Infection: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-review93/syphilis-infection-screening-2004
    July 15, 2004 - to the health department when detected. 9 Differences in reported rates by race and ethnicity may … nationally. 10 According to CDC data, rates of primary and secondary syphilis reported in the U.S. … increased by 2.1 percent from 2000 rates (to 6,103 reported cases) and was the first increase since … From 2000 to 2001, the number of reported cases declined by 19.5 percent for women. … rate of syphilis in this group of men was reported in other U.S. cities as well, including Seattle,

96. Evidence Summary: Vitamin D, Calcium, or Combined Supplementation for the Primary Prevention of Fractures in Community-Dwelling Adults: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/vitamin-d-calcium-or-combined-supplementation-for-the-primary-prevention-of-fractures-in-adults-preventive-medication
    April 17, 2018 - In addition, the full evidence report includes results from sensitivity analyses not reported here. … Characteristics of included studies are reported in Table 1 . … Only 1 reported on total fracture incidence; in this trial, fractures were reported in 119 participants … similar to characteristics reported in the studies largely focused on primary prevention. … No other authors reported disclosures.

97. Screening for Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/3R9N4ojm9Sk7qk8ybD3LU6
    October 11, 2019 - Seven studies reported screening at the first prenatal visit, 2 studies reported the specific gestational … In general, characteristics of par- ticipants were sparsely reported across studies, with none report … .20,22-24,28,29,31 Five stud- ies (n = 961) reported on congenital malformations. … and event rates were low, which limited comparisons.2 Adverse reactions to medications were reported … No other disclosures were reported. Funding/Support: The USPSTF is an independent, voluntary body.

98. Recommendation: Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/latent-tuberculosis-infection-screening
    May 02, 2023 - None of the treatment studies reported on transmission rates of tuberculosis. … Recent trials also reported on discontinuation due to adverse events. … Dr Barry reported receiving grants from Healthwise, a nonprofit. … No other disclosures were reported. … Reported tuberculosis in the United States, 2020: risk factors.

99. Screening for Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/KdQef_VDT2kmHDX4ddNWmR
    August 01, 2022 - None of the treatment studies reported on transmis- sion rates of tuberculosis. … Recent trials also reported on discontinuation due to adverse events. … Dr Barry reported receiving grants from Healthwise, a nonprofit. … No other disclosures were reported. … Reported tuberculosis in the United States, 2020: risk factors.

100. Evidence Summary: Skin Cancer Prevention: Behavioral Counseling | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/skin-cancer-counseling
     March 20, 2018 - Of these, 21 unique trials reported in 27 articles were included: 6 reported results in pediatric populations … Sunscreen use was the most commonly reported individual behavior. … Two adult trials reported harms. … No studies reported skin cancer outcomes. … an intervention effect for self-reported sunburns at 3-mo follow-up.