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441. Evidence Summary: Prostate Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/prostate-cancer-screening
     May 08, 2018 - Since the previous USPSTF review, the ERSPC 30 and PLCO 29 trials each reported results of extended … Patient-reported outcomes after monitoring, surgery, or radiotherapy for prostate cancer. … h ERSPC-Finland reported hazard ratio rather than relative risk.   … Confidence intervals are excluded when not reported. … e Study reported only percentages. Return to Table of Contents Table 3.

442. Archived: Final Evidence Summary: Skin Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary46/skin-cancer-screening-2009
     February 15, 2009 - A recent systematic review 9 using pictures of lesions reported a sensitivity that ranged from 42% to … Studies on the accuracy of skin self-examination reported sensitivity and specificity from 58% to 75% … skin self-examination (0.77 mm vs. 0.95 mm); however, the definition of skin self-examination was not reported … A study of 102 patients seen at the Johns Hopkins Melanoma Center between June 1995 and June 1997 reported … Older ecological studies reported conflicting results as to the association of thickness of melanoma

443. Screening for Skin Cancer: An Update of the Evidence (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/LgBN7_z7hqynt6BRzUUYA-
     February 01, 2009 - A recent systematic review (9) using pictures of lesions reported a sensitivity that ranged from 42% … The same systematic review reported a sensitivity of 70% to 91% and a specificity of 51% to 87% for … Studies on the accuracy of skin self-examination reported sensitivity and specificity from 58% to 75% … community-based RCT of screening in Australia (15) involving 16 383 whole-body skin examina­ tions reported … Older ecological studies reported conflicting results on the association of thickness of melanoma and

444. Final Recommendation Statement: Autism Spectrum Disorder in Young Children: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/RecommendationStatementFinal/autism-spectrum-disorder-in-young-children-screening
     February 16, 2016 - Four RCTs reported cognitive and language outcomes for early intensive behavioral interventions delivered … Three of the 4 trials (including the largest trial, with 294 children) reported that these interventions … Twelve RCTs of play- or interaction-based interventions reported significant improvements in some measures … Dr Bibbins-Domingo reported having received grants from the National Institutes of Health and Centers … No other disclosures were reported.

445. Use of Medications to Reduce Risk for Primary Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review of the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/7ZSKduUYHWKe7q_tTY9xbF
     April 01, 2013 - For raloxifene, results were reported after 3 and 4 years of treatment in the MORE trial (26–34, 36, … 39), and results of CORE (a continuation study of MORE [44]) were reported for 4-year and combined 8- … A study about interest in using tamox- ifen reported that more than 40% of women would be willing to … Three studies reported the concordance of physicians’ recommendations and their patients’ medication … Adherence was reported in 2 placebo-controlled trials of tamoxifen (28, 81) and 4 placebo-controlled

446. Recommendation: Aspirin Use to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/aspirin-to-prevent-cardiovascular-disease-preventive-medication
     April 26, 2022 - Although the WHS reported a lower incidence of CRC at 17.5 years of follow-up (Peto OR, 0.82 [95% CI, … Lee, ScD, Harvard Medical School, written communication, November 23, 2020), reported CRC mortality during … ASPREE reported that aspirin use was associated with statistically significantly higher CRC mortality … When including observational follow-up beyond the trial phase, 2 trials of low-dose aspirin use reported … Overall, only a small number of trials reported on CRC outcomes.

447. JAMA (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/DQgVKNYn6gFtXLfwthuRBU
     June 12, 2020 - Burden In 2011, an estimated 12% of US adults aged 65 to 74 years and 15% of those 75 years or older reported … It does not apply to persons who have reported signs and symptoms of vision loss, seek care for vision … • About 12% of US adults aged 65 to 74 years and 15% of those 75 years or older reported having problems … that primary care–based screening for impaired visual acuity is beneficial in persons who have not reported … The largest trial (AREDS) reported an increased risk of hospi- talization due to genitourinary causes

448. Archived: Skin Cancer: Screening and Behavioral Counseling, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/skin-cancer-screening-behavioral-counseling-1996
     January 01, 1996 - the past two decades, increases of 4%/year in MM incidence and nearly 2%/year in mortality have been reported … Several studies have reported that, compared to dermatologists, nondermatologists make significantly … risk to the patient, no serious adverse effects associated with TSE and follow-up biopsy have been reported … Case series and a prediction model (validated on subsequent incident cases) have reported that survival … Studies in albino laboratory rodents have also reported that sunscreens can reduce the incidence of tumors

449. Archived: Aspirin Prophylaxis in Pregnancy: Preventive Medication, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/aspirin-prophylaxis-pregnancy-1996
     January 01, 1996 - and birth defects has been established. 26 Preterm closure of the ductus arteriosus has also been reported … Bleeding problems have not generally been reported at low doses (60-150 mg/day), 28-30 although most … A meta-analysis of controlled trials reported no significant effect of aspirin on perinatal mortality … potentially life-threatening complication for both the fetus and the woman, while the CLASP trial 15 reported … In addition, other randomized trials in asymptomatic and symptomatic women have not reported significant

450. Final Research Plan: High Body Mass Index in Children and Adolescents: Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/obesity-in-children-and-adolescents-screening
     June 30, 2022 - intervention has ended Cardiometabolic measures (included only when weight-related measures are also reported … medical issue requiring hospitalization or urgent medical treatment) or other treatment-related harms reported … the highest BMI levels; however, the USPSTF will accept this outcome if it is the only weight outcome reported

451. Screening for HIV in Pregnant Women: Systematic Review to Update the 2005 USPSTF Recommendation (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/mTPBWPMDqfuWvodfd5R5Ms
     November 01, 2012 - Two smaller European cohort studies (17, 19) also reported lower mother-to-child trans- mission rates … In general, these studies reported lower transmission rates with antiretroviral therapy than expected … Six studies reported Review Prenatal Screening for HIV 722 20 November 2012 Annals of Internal Medicine … A smaller study reported consistent results, but only 5 cases of HIV were identified. … Four studies that did not adjust for confounders reported inconsistent results (31, 33, 35, 39).

452. Archived: Screening for HIV in Pregnant Women: Evidence Summary: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/screening-for-hiv-in-pregnant-women-evidence-summary/human-immunodeficiency-virus-hiv-infection-screening-2013
     November 15, 2012 - In general, these studies reported lower transmission rates with antiretroviral therapy than expected … Studies that evaluated longer courses of treatment and regimens that included at least 3 drugs reported … Six studies reported risk estimates adjusted for important confounders, such as maternal age, CD4 count … A smaller study reported consistent results, but only 5 cases of HIV were identified. … Four studies that did not adjust for confounders reported inconsistent results 31 , 33 , 35 , 39 .

453. Behavioral Counseling to Promote a Healthy Diet and Physical Activity for CVD Prevention in Adults With Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/-97QgoUF_rpQSy-9yM9KCx
     November 24, 2020 - estimates were calculated if between-group results were not reported. … Twenty-nine of the 94 studies reported health outcomes. … b Hinderliter et al127 reported no CVD events in both groups (not shown on plot). … Results reported here are from the updated version of the results. … Conflict of Interest Disclosures: None reported.

454. Archived: Evidence Summary: Preeclampsia: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/preeclampsia-screening-april-2017
     April 25, 2017 - Four studies (n = 7123) reported external validation performance of 16 risk prediction models, 5 of which … Calibration was not reported despite being a key model performance measure. … Four external validation studies (n = 7123) reported on the performance of 16 distinct risk prediction … Not reported in the Farina external validation study; calculated by hand. … Not reported in the Farina external validation study; calculated by hand.

455. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Issues Final Reccomendation on Primary Care Interventions to Prevent Child Maltreatment (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/sites/default/files/file/supporting_documents/child-maltreatment-interventions-final-rec-bulletin.pdf
     March 19, 2024 - , more than 600,000 children experienced some form of maltreatment, and many more cases do not get reported … is showing signs or symptoms of maltreatment should be immediately evaluated, have their situation reported

456. Screening for Syphilis Infection in Nonpregnant Adults: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/VhSwc46MPwjDPNsgVrVm-B
     June 07, 2016 - In 2014, 19 999 cases (6.3 cases per 100 000 persons) of primary and secondary syphilis were reported … transmit- ted during the early stages of infection (primary, secondary, and early-latent syphilis); reported … In 2014, the total number of syphilis cases reported for all stages (including 458 cases of congenital … an increase in cases of ocular syphilis, with more than 200 cases reported in 20 states since 2014, … Reported sensitivity ranges from 64% to 100% (depending on stage of disease and type of test used), and

457. Archived: Final Research Plan: Aspirin to Prevent Cancer: Aspirin Use to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Colorectal Cancer: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan-aspirin-to-prevent-cancer/aspirin-to-prevent-cardiovascular-disease-and-cancer-april-2016
     October 07, 2013 - Category Included Excluded Aim/Condition Any indication; cancer incidence and deaths reported … nonaspirin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Delivered via nonoral routes Dosage information not reported … registries KQs 1–5: Factorial designed studies in which the aspirin versus placebo group is not reported

458. Archived: Evidence Summary: Depression in Children and Adolescents: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/depression-in-children-and-adolescents-screening
     February 08, 2016 - In 2011, 12% of adolescents aged 12 to 17 years reported receiving mental health care at school. 2 … In summary, the Patient Health Questionnaire for Adolescents and BDI reported the highest sensitivity … in 8 publications (4 trials reported in 6 publications included in the 2009 review 25-30 and 2 newer … One was a previously reported trial (in the 2009 review) done among children and adolescents aged 6 to … ‡ CI calculated from reported SEs. Return to Table of Contents Table 2.

459. Archived: HIV and Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Behavioral Counseling, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/hiv-sexually-transmitted-diseases-behavioral-counseling-1996
     January 01, 1996 - Nonetheless, in a recent survey, most women reported limited knowledge about common STDs: fewer than … all cases of chlamydia and gonorrhea, 3 and men and women under 35 account for two thirds of newly reported … 12th graders surveyed in 1993, more than a third had had intercourse within the previous 3 months 19% reported … HIV-infected partner by 69% compared to infrequent users 33 HIV infection was rare among women who reported … Few studies reported data on clinical outcomes (STD incidence), follow-up was often short, and most successful

460. Archived: Colorectal Cancer: Screening, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/colorectal-cancer-screening-1996
     January 01, 1996 - The reported sensitivity and specificity of FOBT for detecting colorectal cancer in asymptomatic persons … The reported positive predictive value among asymptomatic persons over age 50 is only about 2-11% for … Recent case-control studies have also reported a 31-57% reduction in risk among persons receiving FOBT … The reported risk of perforation from colonoscopy is about one in 500-3,000 examinations, 5 , 81 and … Compliance rates as low as 6-12% have been reported.