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421. Behavioral Counseling Research and Evidence-Based Practice Recommendations: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Perspectives | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/about-uspstf/methods-and-processes/behavioral-counseling-research-and-evidence-based-practice-recommendations-us-preventive-services-task-force-perspectives
     March 01, 2014 - Sufficient information about adverse effects is rarely reported for all types of preventive interventions … job classification; motion sensors; and physiologic markers, such as doubly labeled water. 25 Self-reported … measures using methods as varied as detailed diaries, logs, checklists of activities, or global self-reported … hampered by noncomparability of interventions and outcomes and by varying validity of measured and reported … outcomes. 14 The evidence review also reported an association between the type of outcome measure and

422. Archived: Child Maltreatment: Primary Care Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/child-maltreatment-primary-care-interventions-2013
     June 15, 2013 - One trial reported mortality; this study included 743 children with 9 years of follow-up. … Two recent trials reported removal of the child from the home 33 , 34 and did not report a difference … between the intervention and control groups over 18 (6% vs. 0%; P = not reported) 33  or 36 months … of followup (1.8% vs. 0.8%; P = not reported) 34 . … Documented and self-reported child abuse and adult pain in a community sample.

423. Screening Women for Intimate Partner Violence: A Systematic Review to Update teh 2004 USPSTF Recommendation (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/MjwZ4vRLZDVUSnfMA6SrDo
     June 01, 2012 - Four fair- and good- quality trials of counseling reported reduced IPV and improved birth outcomes for … To evaluate adverse effects, we included several study designs that reported adverse effects of screen … Six RCTs reported in 8 publications met inclusion criteria (Table 2) (17, 18, 55–60). … At baseline, approximately one third of the women in both groups reported IPV in the previous year. … Few studies reported adverse effects of screening and interventions.

424. Recommendation: Vision in Children Ages 6 Months to 5 Years: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/vision-in-children-ages-6-months-to-5-years-screening
     September 05, 2017 - positive LRs ranging from 12 to 17. 1 The fourth study, which reported a smaller positive LR of 4.8 … The 4 studies reported negative LRs ranging from 0.10 to 0.91. 1 Autorefractors Sixteen fair-quality … studies (16,712 observations; n=80 to 4040) evaluated autorefractors. 1 Most studies reported moderate … Generally, most studies reported moderate positive LRs and small negative LRs. 1 Many of the studies … Testability was reported in many of the included studies; however, few reported data stratified by age

425. Aspirin for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Events: A Systematic Evidence Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/wBcZfBcVp8N3-cyT3Peysv
     April 01, 2016 - We evaluated sub- group analyses qualitatively because those reported were too limited to pool. … Ten trials reported RRs of 0.81 to 0.98, and 1 trial (24) reported an RR greater than 1. … All 11 trials (24, 30–33, 35–37, 39–41) reported sex-specific results. … Three trials (32, 40, 41) conducted in both men and women reported MI by sex. … The same 3 trials reported stroke by sex.

426. Screening for Colorectal Cancer: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/Xbtq4oDQwVo7KgmSjnnDbz
     November 01, 2021 - f Calculated RR (not study reported). g NORCCAP reported a statistically significant decrease in CRC … b Results reported for advanced neoplasia (composite of CRC and advanced adenoma) only. c Median. … No studies reported serious adverse events in persons without CTC. … No studies reported differential harms by age group. … Should small sliding hiatal hernias be reported at CT colonography?

427. Recommendation: Oral Health in Children and Adolescents Aged 5 to 17 Years: Screening and Preventive Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/oral-health-children-adolescents-screening-preventive-interventions
     November 07, 2023 - Studies inconsistently reported community water fluoridation levels or whether participants received … prevented fraction, 0.44 [95% CI, 0.11-0.76]; I 2  = 86%). 1 , 31 A subsequent trial (n = 5397)21 reported … risk, 0.52 [95% CI, 0.40-0.70]). 1 , 22 , 31 Training approaches for dental professionals were not reported … A single trial (n = 349) 25 reported no adverse events of fluoride supplements; other trials did not … , 31 A trial on glass ionomer sealants did not report harms. 1 , 31 A single trial (n = 452) 22 reported

428. Screening for Speech and Language Delay and Disorders in Children: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/GytpQk-RYN3yBfdzkqUpff
     January 23, 2024 - No studies reported on the harms of screening or treatment. … In the 16 studies that reported the sex of the participants, 47% were female.6 Most studies did not report … Few studies reported the race and ethnicity of the participants. … No study reported benefit for improving function or quality of life among children.6,21 Harms of Screening … Additionally, few studies on treatment of screen- detected speech and language delay reported the race

429. Archived: Evidence Summary: Colorectal Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/colorectal-cancer-screening-june-2016
     June 15, 2016 - Other serious harms from endoscopy were not routinely reported or consistently defined. … Should small sliding hiatal hernias be reported at CT colonography? … f Calculated RR (not study reported). … No studies reported serious adverse events in persons without CTC. … No studies reported differential harms by age group.

430. Final Research Plan: Chlamydia and Gonorrhea: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/chlamydia-and-gonorrhea-screening
     May 02, 2019 - amplification testing), specific to anatomic site or sites where gold standard sample is collected, when reported … ; clarified the gold standard for testing as nucleic acid amplification testing (or other standards reported

431. The Use of Aspirin for Primary Prevention of Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/pnyU5fxhdBUtCdvJ3GyqzR
     March 01, 2007 - All-cause mortality was reported in all the reviews. … However, mortality and withdrawals due to harms with aspirin use were not con- sistently reported. … Four reviews reported on the mortality due to cardio- vascular events (3, 45, 46, 57). … Seven reviews reported the risk for acute MI with as- pirin use (3, 44–47, 49, 57). … Risk factors for self- reported colon polyps. J Gen Intern Med. 1998;13:303-10. [PMID: 9613885] 38.

432. Archived: Lipid Disorders in Children and Adolescents: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/lipid-disorders-in-children-screening-july-2016
     August 09, 2016 - One short-term pharmacotherapy trial reported a reduction in carotid intima-media thickness. … The studies reported statistically significant reductions in LDL-C levels from baseline, with most effect … One trial of pravastatin reported a 2.0% reduction in carotid intima-media thickness in the treatment … Three trials of bile acid-sequestering agents (colesevelam, cholestyramine, and colestipol) reported … No other authors reported disclosures.

433. Archived: Tuberculosis Infection, Including Bacille Calmette-Guérin Immunization: Screening, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/tuberculosis-infection-screening-immunization-1996
     February 11, 2014 - About one third of all reported cases in the U.S. occur in blacks, 20% occur in Hispanics, 14% occur … asymptomatic M. tuberculosis  infection. 4 After experiencing a steady decline from 1963 to 1984, reported … of new cases are occurring among black and Hispanic persons, among whom there was a 41% increase in reported … quarter of 1991. 6 In New York City, as many as 33% of cases are resistant to INH or rifampin. 7 Reported … Mortality rates for persons with INH-related hepatitis were reported to be as high as 4-7% in one major

434. Final Research Plan: Illicit Drug Use in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults: Primary Care-Based Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/drug-use-illicit-primary-care-interventions-for-children-and-adolescents
     August 30, 2018 - drug use and risky sexual behaviors) Change in drug use is not a stated aim of the study but is a reported … related social or educational outcomes KQ 2 (Behavioral outcomes): Drug use ( required ) (self-reported … Abstinence (use/no use) Frequency and/or quantity of use Severity of substance use disorder (reported

435. Recommendation: Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/hypertensive-disorders-pregnancy-screening
     September 19, 2023 - None of the trials reported statistically significant differences across various serious health outcomes … different between study groups (RR, 1.13 [95% CI, 0.91-1.41]). 1 , 38 , 41 The large UK trial also reported … between groups (RR, 0.94 [95% CI, 0.78-1.12]). 1 , 38 , 41 Other rare infant health outcomes were reported … in the small US trial. 1 , 38 , 43 Placental abruption was reported in the large US trial, but the … no difference between groups. 1 Two of the larger trials reported similar levels of cesarean delivery

436. Recommendation: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/human-immunodeficiency-virus-hiv-infection-screening
     June 11, 2019 - antibodies is nonreactive or indeterminate (or if acute HIV infection or recent exposure is suspected or reported … from a false-positive test result. 8 , 9 Antigen/antibody tests for HIV are highly accurate, with reported … of Screening Tests Currently recommended antigen/antibody tests for HIV are highly accurate, with reported … age 15 years (compared with ages 13-14 years). 2 In addition, 52% of youth in grades 9 through 12 reported … The USPSTF reviewed several studies that reported on the long-term cardiovascular, neuropsychiatric,

437. Behavioral Counseling to Promote a Healthful Diet and Physical Activity for CVD Prevention in Adults Without Known CVD Risk Factors: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/DTRggkjEPQ5-ALArTjrhKT
     July 11, 2017 - Four trials (n = 51 356) reported all-cause or CVD-related mortality,82,146,147,151 of which 3 also … Ten trials reported quality-of-life outcomes and reported modest im- provements at 6 and 12 months among … Data on physical activity outcomes beyond 12 months were sparsely reported. … Only 4 trials reported measures of sedentary behavior inde- pendent of physical activity behavior. … Harms of included interventions were sparsely reported and were inconsistently defined.

438. Recommendation: Cervical Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/cervical-cancer-screening
     August 21, 2018 - , whereas Swedescreen reported 1 round of screening with registry follow-up at 3 years. … Two trials (Swedescreen and POBASCAM) reported no difference between screening strategies at 13 to 14 … These 4 trials reported hrHPV positive rates of 7% to 22% for screening with cotesting; again, rates … Dr Barry reported serving as chief science officer of Healthwise. … No other authors reported disclosures.

439. Recommendation: Prostate Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/prostate-cancer-screening
     May 08, 2018 - Among 5 ERSPC sites that reported the false-positive rate, approximately 1 in 6 men screened at least … The ERSPC trial reported a slightly higher and nonsignificant risk reduction (RR, 0.84 [95% CI, 0.28- … Two studies reported on the difference in benefit by age. … moderate or greater pain, 5.5% reported moderate to severe fever, and 26.6% reported troublesome hematospermia … Patient-reported outcomes after monitoring, surgery, or radiotherapy for prostate cancer.

440. Archived: Final Evidence Review: Healthy Diet: Behavioral Counseling in Primary Care, January 2003 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-review41/diet-behavioral-counseling-primary-care-adults-2003
     January 15, 2003 - We reported unadjusted outcomes from the article when they were presented. … When studies reported only change in proportion of calories from total fat, we classified large as a … We retained 21 studies reported in 25 articles that met our eligibility criteria. 10-34 Across this … Nine studies reported specifically on change in the percentage of calories from saturated fat. 13-16 … Our main outcome measure, self-reported change in dietary behavior, relies on individual self-report,