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301. Final Research Plan: Tobacco Cessation in Adults: Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/tobacco-cessation-adults-interventions
     July 17, 2025 - We will also examine selected subgroup analyses reported in the included studies to explore the extent … assessment timing KQs 1, 2: ≥6-month followup after quit date or start of intervention KQ 3: Harms reported … interventions and outcomes will be described by the specific tobacco or tobacco products being addressed and reported

302. Archived: Falls Prevention in Older Adults: Counseling and Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/falls-prevention-in-older-adults-counseling-and-preventive-medication-2012
     May 15, 2012 - Studies of risk factor assessment have used a large and varied list of reported risk factors for falls … A small U.K. study of 200 older adults that was published after the USPSTF systematic review reported … None of the 4 studies of vision correction reported a reduced risk for falling. … An increase in falls after vision screening in frail older adults has been reported 23 . … The Women's Health Initiative trial 24 reported the results of daily supplementation with 400 IU of

303. Archived: Final Recommendation Statement: Screening for Depression in Adults | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/RecommendationStatementFinal/depression-in-adults-screening
     January 26, 2016 - Other outcomes were sparsely reported. … The reported effect was smaller (18%) and did not reach significance in the trial of pregnant women but … was in the same direction. 16 The 4 studies that reported remission or response rates reported significant … One trial in older adults reported paradoxical effects from screening, as previously discussed. … None of the trials addressing the benefits of behavioral-based interventions reported on harms of treatment

304. Archived: Latent Tuberculosis Infection: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/latent-tuberculosis-infection-screening-september-2016
     September 06, 2016 - None of the treatment studies reported on transmission rates of tuberculosis. … Potential Harms of Screening and Treatment The USPSTF identified no studies that directly reported … The most consistently reported harm was hepatotoxicity. … A few studies also reported on gastrointestinal adverse events. … Reported Tuberculosis in the United States, 2014.

305. Screening for Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Pregnant Women: US Preventive Services Task Force Reaffirmation Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/gYdxwvAQZ73SApY2Hosz_d
     October 11, 2019 - Two fair- quality observational studies reported perinatal transmission rates (primary outcome) over … One study reported outcomes of case management from 1994 to 2008 for 155 081 infants born to HBV-positive … Dr Barry reported receiving grants and personal fees from Healthwise (a nonprofit), outside the submitted … Dr Doubeni reported receiving personal fees from UpToDate, outside the submitted work. … No other disclosures were reported. Funding/Support: The USPSTF is an independent, voluntary body.

306. Recommendation: Breastfeeding: Primary Care Behavioral Counseling Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/breastfeeding-primary-care-interventions
     April 11, 2025 - Few studies reported on the training and certification of lactation care providers. … No studies reported outcomes by whether breastfeeding was at the breast vs through use of expressed or … Most reported no adverse events related to the intervention, although 1 trial reported greater feelings … Twenty-two trials (n = 13,815) reported that participants in the intervention group experienced fewer … No other disclosures were reported.

307. JAMA JATS (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/Nop5YpEpMybx_oNPKC76-X
     July 11, 2017 - Among 14 trials of behavioral interventions that reported on adverse events, none re- ported any serious … Patient Health Outcomes The USPSTF considered 4 trials (involving 51 356 individuals) that reported on … Overall, these behavioral interventions appeared to improve self-reported measures of health- related … Eight trials reported on the in- cidence of important patient events, including falls, injuries, and … No other disclosures are reported. Funding/Support: The USPSTF is an independent, voluntary body.

308. Primary Care Screening for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/XAaYbGVD_xRoMfQ-huJkJq
     December 10, 2019 - Only 2 trials reported 30-day mortality after elective surgery and 30-day mor- tality after emergency … This group of heterogeneous studies reported that AAA-related mortality over 5 to 12 years was rare ( … Both the ADAM trial and UKSAT reported no significant differ- ence in 30-day postoperative mortality … a 30-day operative mortality rate within the range reported in these trials (3.1% and 3.5%) (Table 3 … Conflict of Interest Disclosures: None reported.

309. Archived: Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Screening, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm-screening-1996
     January 01, 1996 - Lederle reported a sensitivity of 50% and a positive predictive value of 35% in a high-risk population … In contrast, Allen reported a 22% sensitivity, 94% specificity, and positive predictive value of 17% … . 17  No large-scale community-based studies of screening for AAA by physical examination have been reported … Reported sensitivities range from 82% to 99%, with sensitivity approaching 100% in some series of patients … prospective or retrospective controlled trials of screening for AAA that include outcome data have yet been reported

310. Final Research Plan: Unhealthy Alcohol Use in Adolescents and Adults: Screening and Behavioral Counseling Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/unhealthy-alcohol-use-adolescents-adults-behavioral-counseling-interventions
     May 16, 2024 - We will also examine selected subgroup or stratified analyses reported in the included studies to explore … behavior (e.g., drug or tobacco use) such that change in alcohol use is not a stated aim, even if it is a reported … Frequency and/or quantity of alcohol use Abstinence (use/no use) Severity of alcohol use disorder (reported … health to note if included in interventions, added additional populations of interest for seeking study-reported

311. Physicians’ Roles in Preventing Dental Caries in Preschool Children: A Summary of the Evidence (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/xXX8ZeqpmqtMURtJSfub56
     April 01, 2004 - In 2 studies,16,18 only 69% and 74% of pediatricians and 26% and 58% of family practitioners reported … Only small proportions of physicians ever reported using water sample analyses to determine fluoride … Two patient-based assessments of management of fluoride supplementation have been reported.25,26 Twenty … Before and after behavioral data were self-reported. … However, these studies are primarily self-reported, have relatively low response rates, were conducted

312. Screening for Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Adults: A Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/ZrLh7o2TpPpY9WXXWbXbGk
     January 01, 2013 - study of percutaneous liver biopsies (n � 2740) in HCV-infected patients with compensated cirrhosis reported … Gunn et al, 2003; United States (38) Cross-sectional 3367 STD clinic Age �30 y: 4.6% Female: Not reported … Self-reported injection drug use: 5.7% A: Screen all B: Ever injected drugs (self-report) C: Ever … Two other small studies (n � 126 and n � 166) included in the 2004 USPSTF review reported no episodes … Self-reported hepatitis C virus antibody status and risk behavior in young injec- tors.

313. Archived: Evidence Summary: Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary8/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm-screening-2014
     January 15, 2014 - Trials also reported AAA rupture and all-cause mortality rates. … Only MASS reported non-AAA causes of death, showing similar causes of death in the invited and control … Two trials reported no differences in AAA-related mortality outcomes when stratified by age. 40 , 42 … No trial reported participants' smoking history, AAA family history, or race or ethnicity. … An unchanged risk over time was reported in Viborg.

314. Behavioral Counseling to Prevent Skin Cancer: A Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/ofaMtvNZ-5KdhWAJjXfZpN
     February 01, 2011 - Among adolescents in the United States, for example, about 83% reported at least 1 sunburn during the … In the 1 trial (724 participants) that also reported individ- ual types of behavior change, only the … The Norwegian–Swedish Women’s Lifestyle and Health Cohort Study found that women who reported regular … One study found a protective effect for women who reported always using sunscreen compared with those … who reported sometimes or never using sun- screen.

315. Summary of USPSTF Final Recommendation: Interventions to Prevent Falls in Community-Dwelling Older Adults (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/Xm5_jgUrXXGAJe8WJh_9KK
     June 01, 2024 - In 2018, 27.5% of community-dwelling adults 65 years or older reported at least 1 fall in the past year … and 10.2% reported a fall- related injury.

316. Archived: Evidence Summary: Aspirin Use to Prevent Cardiovascular Events: Aspirin Use to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Colorectal Cancer: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary-aspirin-to-prevent-cardiovascular/aspirin-to-prevent-cardiovascular-disease-and-cancer-april-2016
     April 11, 2016 - Ten trials reported RRs of 0.81 to 0.98, and 1 trial 24 reported an RR greater than 1. … All 11 trials 24 , 30-33 , 35-37 , 39-41 reported sex-specific results. … Three trials 32 , 40 , 41 conducted in both men and women reported MI by sex. … The same 3 trials reported stroke by sex. … These CIs overlapped, however, and no interaction testing was reported.

317. Evidence for the Reaffirmation of the USPSTF Recommendaiton on Screening for High Blood Pressure (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/KSYrhQuAswGjTww_4sDFGZ
     December 01, 2007 - Serious AEs were uncommon (2%–3%), and 2 of the 3 reported were probably not related to the drug. … Adverse effects were reported in 50% of the diltiazem group and 40% of the ramipril group. … Headache was commonly reported in both groups. … The most commonly reported adverse effect was headache (overall rate, 20% [range, 16% to 25%]). … Erectile dysfunc- tion was reported by 2 of 61 eplerenone recipients and no amlodipine recipients.

318. Archived: Evidence Summary: Blood Pressure in Adults (Hypertension): Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary15/blood-pressure-in-adults-hypertension-screening-2007
     October 15, 2007 - Serious adverse effects were uncommon, and 2 of the 3 reported events were probably not related to the … Headache was commonly reported in both groups. … The most commonly reported adverse effect was headache (overall rate, 20% [range, 16% to 25%]). … Erectile dysfunction was reported by 2 of 61 eplerenone recipients and no amlodipine recipients. … Serious AEs were uncommon (2%-3%), and 2 of the 3 reported were probably not related to the drug.

319. Archived: Prevention of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection: Preexposure Prophylaxis | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/prevention-of-human-immunodeficiency-virus-hiv-infection-pre-exposure-prophylaxis-june-2019
     June 11, 2019 - in 1981. 2  In 2017, there were 38,281 new diagnoses of HIV infection reported in the United States; … One study reported that although black/African American persons account for an estimated 44% of all new … In those studies that reported it, discrimination of the risk prediction instrument was moderate, with … Serious renal events were rare, and no trial reported a difference between PrEP and placebo in risk of … , and 2 others 41 , 42 reported normalization of creatinine level without PrEP cessation.

320. Archived: Evidence Summary: Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary28/cognitive-impairment-in-older-adults-screening-2014
     October 22, 2013 - not commonly reported. … Other outcomes were sparsely reported. … Other outcomes were sparsely reported. … Other outcomes were sparsely reported. … Other outcomes were sparsely reported.