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221. Screening for Lipid Disorders in Children and Adolescents: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/rQBBkz9CrHh4vp7ZnEkF-t
     July 18, 2023 - Three US studies (n = 395 465) reported prevalence of phenotypically defined FH of 0.2% to 0.4% (1:250 … Harms reported in the short-term drug trials were similar in the intervention and control groups. … No treatment trials reported long-term health outcomes. … No treatment trials reported long-term health outcomes. Treatment Harms KQ5. … Conflict of Interest Disclosures: None reported.

222. Recommendation: High Body Mass Index in Children and Adolescents: Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/obesity-in-children-and-adolescents-screening
     June 18, 2024 - was an initial reduction in BMI, longer-term maintenance after medication withdrawal was either not reported … Outcomes were reported 6 to 12 months after baseline assessments. … Dr Wong reported publications and federal grant funding to his institution for the relationship between … Dr Lee reported receiving grants from the National Institute on Aging (K24AG066998; R01AG079982) outside … No other disclosures were reported.

223. peds20151711 1..8 (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/72ybMHDdg9WyFzrYMBF4ch
     August 01, 2015 - The previous evidence review6 found that 55% of parents reported that their toddler did not receive any … type of developmental assessment at their well-child visit, and 30% of parents reported that their child … Assessment of Risk On the basis of a review of 31 cohort studies, several risk factors have been reported … study reported no effect on child well-being or attention level. … Treatment harms were generally not measured or reported; the 2 included studies reported few data on

224. Archived: Final Evidence Review: Genital Herpes: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-review55/genital-herpes-screening-2005
     March 15, 2005 - no previous history of genital herpes despite seropositive test results, 63 percent reported having … Women who were HSV-2 seropositive but had no reported or recognized recurrences were followed. … No information was reported on adverse experiences. … Reported defects showed no uniqueness or pattern to suggest a common etiology. … No HSV among neonates were reported, and no adverse complications were reported for the infants at 1-

225. Screening for Genital Herpes Simplex: A Brief Update (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/ZzZp7_aoJn73k9z25w_-qr
     March 01, 2005 - Women who were HSV-2 seropositive but had no reported or recognized recurrences were followed. … No information was reported on adverse experiences. … , and no adverse complications were reported for the infants at 1-yr follow-up. … Reported defects showed no uniqueness or pattern to suggest a common etiology. … Quality Ratings for Studies on Antiviral Therapy NR, not reported. 29 Appendix 2.

226. Evidence Summary: Cardiovascular Disease: Risk Assessment With Nontraditional Risk Factors | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary--html/cardiovascular-disease-screening-using-nontraditional-risk-assessment
     July 10, 2018 - Across all 3 nontraditional risk factors, less than half of studies reported a measure of calibration … Of these, only 224 25 reported the preferred measures of calibration plots and observed to expected … ratios, and these are reported only for studies evaluating hsCRP level. … e Range of −0.011 (not reported; not significant) to 0.159 (not reported; not significant) when sex-stratified … reported in study.

227. Archived: Final Evidence Summary: Folic Acid to Prevent Neural Tube Defects: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary25/folic-acid-to-prevent-neural-tube-defects-preventive-medication-2009
     May 15, 2009 - Data Synthesis: Four observational studies reported benefit of reduction of risk for NTDs associated … Of note, this study also reported that women who received supplements had infants with significantly … Shaw and colleagues 5 reported an odds ratio (OR) of 0.65 (95% CI, 0.45 to 0.94) for any reported use … Thompson and colleagues 6 reported an OR of 0.55 (CI, 0.25 to 1.22) for regular use (at least 3 times … intake; had a control group; and reported raw data of rates of congenital malformation outcomes.

228. Draft Research Plan: Sexually Transmitted Infections: Behavioral Counseling | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/draft-research-plan/sexually-transmitted-infections
     January 16, 2025 - analyze benefits and harms of treatment interventions by specific populations to the extent that this is reported … gender as specifically as possible when information is available, including sex assigned at birth when reported … behaviors or decrease in protective behaviors Healthcare avoidance Psychological harms Self-reported

229. Archived: Evidence Summary: Healthful Diet and Physical Activity for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Adults Without Known Risk Factors: Behavioral Counseling | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/healthful-diet-and-physical-activity-for-cardiovascular-disease-prevention-in-adults-without-known-risk-factors-behavioral-counseling-july-2017
     July 11, 2017 - Ten trials reported quality-of-life outcomes and reported modest improvements at 6 and 12 months among … Data on physical activity outcomes beyond 12 months were sparsely reported. … Harms of included interventions were sparsely reported and were inconsistently defined. … Few studies reported QOL measures; most reported domain-specific QOL instead of summary scores. … Few physical activity–focused trials reported intermediate outcomes.

230. Archived: Final Evidence Summary: Dental Caries in Children from Birth Through Age 5 Years: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary2/dental-caries-in-children-from-birth-through-age-5-years-screening-2014
     June 15, 2013 - No study reported the risk of fluorosis associated with use of fluoride varnish. … (e) Five studies reported in the full evidence review 18 but not reported in this article evaluated … 3–6 y 786 3–6 Not reported Not reported Not reported A vs B Caries at 7 y old: 31% … Other than diarrhea reported in 2 trials of xylitol, harms were poorly reported in other trials of caries … b Five studies reported in the full evidence review 18 but not reported in this article evaluated topical

231. Archived: Healthy Diet: Behavioral Counseling in Primary Care, January 2003 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/diet-behavioral-counseling-primary-care-adults-2003
     June 15, 2003 - The strength of this evidence, however, is limited by reliance on self‐reported diet outcomes, limited … use of measures corroborating reported changes in diet, limited followup data beyond 6 to 12 months, … eat more fruits and vegetables, and 29 percent reported similar advice to reduce dietary fat. 20 In … Both trials reported large treatment effects in self-reported dietary behavior at 6-month post-intervention … followup, and both reported favorable changes in biological risk factors or markers.

232. Screening for Depression in Children and Adolescents: USPSTF Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/kAg43FLUnTjCU5ZNaaHQtW
     March 01, 2016 - In nationally representative U.S. surveys, about 8% of adolescents reported having major depression in … Among children and adolescents aged 8 to 15 years, 2% of boys and 4% of girls reported having MDD in … studies reported results by age or ethnicity. … col- laborative care study reported outcomes at 52 weeks. … included worsening suicidal ideation or a suicide attempt; no completed suicides were reported).

233. Evidence Summary: Prevention of Acquisition of HIV: Preexposure Prophylaxis | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/prevention-of-human-immunodeficiency-virus-hiv-infection-pre-exposure-prophylaxis
     August 22, 2023 - No trial reported effects on quality of life. Key Question 1a. … The open-label trial, 43 which enrolled men who have sex with men, reported imprecise estimates for … neurologic events: 14.2% vs 14.3% vs 13.3%    Proportion of visits when patients reported GI events: … events: 6.1% vs 3.3% vs 4.5%    Proportion of visits when patients reported GI events: 8.0% vs 5.8% … that only reported governmental or nonprofit funding on estimates High for benefit of oral PrEP

234. Evidence Summary: Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/hypertensive-disorders-pregnancy-screening
     September 19, 2023 - and in epidemiologic evidence tends to be inferred based on physiology (ie, pregnancy) rather than reported … The studies were underpowered for rare, serious health outcomes and reported no differences between study … Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr Vesco reported receiving grants from Pfizer Independent Grants … No other disclosures were reported. … Home blood pressure measurement 2 Fair-quality RCTs (2521) One large trial reported similar rates

235. Archived: Evidence Summary: Statins for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults: Statin Use for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary-statins/statin-use-in-adults-preventive-medication-november-2016
     November 13, 2016 - For the JUPITER trial, we interpreted “MI, stroke, or cardiovascular death” as reported in the main trial … Results were similar when the cardiovascular mortality data reported in the 2010 JUPITER publication … Two trials 18 , 33 reported no industry funding; the rest were fully or partially industry funded. … Few serious adverse events were reported. … Few trials enrolled patients older than 75 years, and no trial reported results in this subgroup.

236. Archived: Evidence Summary (Pregnant and Postpartum Women): Screening for Depression in Adults | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary-primary-care-screening-for-and-treatment-of/depression-in-adults-screening
     January 26, 2016 - Outcomes had to be reported at a minimum of 6 weeks after randomization. … The largest of these studies, 22 from the United Kingdom, reported a sensitivity of 0.79 (95% CI, 0.72 … For example, a large retrospective cohort study reported a more than doubling of seizure occurrence in … Furthermore, bias related to small sample sizes has been reported in the psychotherapy literature 90 … Benefits of Screening Programs: Depression Prevalence Reported Within 1 Year (Key Questions 1 and 1a)

237. Interventions for Tobacco Smoking Cessation in Adults, Including Pregnant Persons: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/uM5P-6XpsqVfEC2axGnZaD
     November 16, 2020 - 55% attempted quitting in the past year7; only 7% reported having recently quit smoking and 31% reported … Reported trial findings were mixed. … Localized increased skin irritation at the NRT patch site has also been reported. … The most commonly reported adverse effects from e-cigarette use reported in trials include coughing, … Dr Barry reported receiving grants and personal fees from Healthwise.

238. Screening for Unhealthy Drug Use: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/R3y9LSud52CGL8mG4wvxoT
     June 09, 2020 - reported for screening accuracy (KQ2). … In studies that reported the duration of drug use, the mean ranged from 5 to 20 years. … No trial reported on the social or legal outcomes of opioid agonist therapy. … harms122-125; no trials of methadone reported harms (eTable 13 in the Supplement). … No other disclosures were reported.

239. Archived: Speech and Language Delay and Disorders in Children Age 5 and Younger: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/speech-and-language-delay-and-disorders-in-children-age-5-and-younger-screening-july-2015
     July 07, 2015 - Grade: I statement (insufficient evidence) Risk Assessment Risk factors that have been reported … The previous evidence review 6 found that 55% of parents reported that their toddler did not receive … Assessment of Risk Based on a review of 31 cohort studies, several risk factors have been reported … study reported no effect on child well-being or attention level. … Treatment harms were generally not measured or reported; the 2 included studies reported few data on

240. Routine Iron Supplementation During Pregnancy: Review Article (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/3XUeA-_n8KhYeS95ohoo2_
     August 03, 2020 - Studies in Europe have reported simi¬ lar results. … However, in the 2800 patients in whom obstetrical and neonatal complications were reported, the study … The propor¬ tion of women who reported taking iron "every now and then" was 6% to 9%. … pills per week, 11% reported taking one to six pills per week, and 9% reported tak¬ ing none. … week, 14% reported tak¬ ing one to six pills per week, and 9% took none.