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21. Draft Recommendation: Falls Prevention in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/draft-recommendation/falls-prevention-community-dwelling-older-adults-interventions
    December 05, 2023 - Native American/Alaska Native older adults reported more falls (32.2%) and fall-related injuries (15.2% … Stratified by age, 25.9% of adults ages 65 to 74 years reported falling and 9.3% reported fall-related … injuries; 28.5% of adults ages 75 to 84 years reported falling and 10.6% reported fall-related injuries … ; and 33.8% of adults age 85 years or older reported falling and 13.9% reported fall-related injuries … . 18 For trials studying multifactorial interventions, harms were sparsely reported.

22. Evidence Summary: Speech and Language Delay and Disorders in Children: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/speech-and-language-delay-and-disorders-in-children-age-5-and-younger-screening
    January 23, 2024 - No RCTs reported on the harms of interventions. … Parent Reported Sensitivity and specificity of 14 parent-reported tools varied widely ( Table 3 ). … Parent-reported screening tools for expressive language delay had reasonable accuracy. … , and none reported on the harms of interventions. … Conflict of Interest Disclosures: None reported. Funding/Support: None reported.

23. Evidence Summary: Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/carotid-artery-stenosis-screening
    February 02, 2021 - Two limited, prematurely terminated trials reported mixed results for the comparative effectiveness of … The SPACE-2 trial 5 (n = 316) reported no significant difference in composite outcome of stroke or death … The smaller AMTEC trial 6 (n = 55) reported a statistically significantly lower composite risk of nonfatal … The 2 trials, 2 national data sets, and 3 surgical registries reported procedural harms associated with … The reported wide variation in complication rates may be attributable to patient and surgeon/operator

24. Recommendation: Falls Prevention in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/falls-prevention-community-dwelling-older-adults-interventions
    June 04, 2024 - and 10.2% reported a fall-related injury. … Stratified by age, 25.9% of adults aged 65 to 74 years reported falling and 9.3% reported fall-related … injuries; 28.5% of adults aged 75 to 84 years reported falling and 10.6% reported fall-related injuries … ; and 33.8% of adults 85 years or older reported falling and 13.9% reported fall-related injuries. 1 … No other disclosures were reported.  

25. Interventions to Prevent Falls in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/gW6MHsqzJ7Nn4a7S6S_9UN
    June 04, 2024 - and 10.2% reported a fall-related injury. … injuries; 28.5% of adults aged 75 to 84 years reported falling and 10.6% reported fall- related injuries … ; and 33.8% of adults 85 years or older reported falling and 13.9% reported fall-related injuries.1 In … and 10.2% reported a fall-related injury. … In total, 5 trials (n = 4199) reported harms associated with Table 2.

26. Evidence Summary: Atrial Fibrillation: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/atrial-fibrillation-screening
    January 25, 2022 - reported on the accuracy of various screening strategies (KQ3); 4 RCTs and 1 cohort study reported on … Nine studies published in 13 articles 15 , 34 , 37-43 (n = 4978) reported on the accuracy of primary … study characteristics and results are reported in eTables 30 and 31 in the JAMA Supplement. … Additional bleeding outcomes are reported in Figure 4 and in eTable 35 in the JAMA Supplement. … Conflict of Interest Disclosures: None reported.

27. Draft Recommendation: Screening for Colorectal Cancer | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/draft-recommendation/colorectal-cancer-screening3
    October 27, 2020 - No other studies on harms reported results by race/ethnicity. … (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.09 to 1.0) and reported specificities range from 0.96 to 0.98 (95% … Seven studies (n=5,328) reported on accuracy of CT colonography. 10 The studies were heterogeneous … 1.0 (95% CI range, 0.21 to 1.0); specificity was not reported. … One study reported CT colonography accuracy by age and suggested sensitivity was lower in adults age

28. Screening for Pancreatic Cancer: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/99HK7dEeEGS8c3LrL2kxkX
    August 06, 2019 - Although no studies evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of screening tests, all 13 studies reported the … All 13 studies reported diagnostic yield of screening tests for pancreatic adenocarcinoma (N = 1317, … serious harms from initial screening were reported. … One study (n = 216) reported prevalence of 25.5% for mild pain after EUS. … No other authors reported disclosures.

29. Evidence Summary: Folic Acid Supplementation to Prevent Neural Tube Defects: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/folic-acid-for-the-prevention-of-neural-tube-defects-preventive-medication
    August 01, 2023 - Findings: Twelve observational studies (reported in 13 publications) were eligible for this limited … Of these, 3 studies (n = 990,372) reported on the effect of folic acid supplementation on neural tube … , and 1 observational study (n = 429,004) reported on maternal cancer. … No other statistically significant benefits were reported overall. … Conflict of Interest Disclosures: None reported.

30. Evidence Summary: Oral Health in Children and Adolescents Aged 5 to 17 Years: Screening and Preventive Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/oral-health-children-adolescents-screening-preventive-interventions
    November 07, 2023 - Four trials 46 , 54 , 56 , 58 (n = 1704) reported no adverse events, and 1 trial 55 (n = 2967) reported … All (n = 775) evaluated a resin-based sealant and reported no adverse events. … As reported in trials of SDF for arresting caries, 99 the single trial 86 of SDF for prevention reported … Conflict of Interest Disclosures: None reported. … no adverse events and 1 trial reported 0.04% of children allocated to varnish reported a self-limited

31. Evidence Summary: Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary29/obstructive-sleep-apnea-in-adults-screening
    November 15, 2022 - This review included 73 good- or fair-quality RCTs (reported in 87 articles) that reported at least 1 … The majority (28 RCTs) reported mortality rates at 24 weeks or less, and most of these (25 RCTs) reported … Two reported on mortality over a median duration of 4 to 5 years; 1 (n = 723) reported 8 deaths in the … Nineteen RCTs (reported in 24 articles) reported on harms associated with treatment of OSA, including … No other disclosures were reported.

32. Recommendation: Hormone Therapy in Postmenopausal Persons: Primary Prevention of Chronic Conditions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/menopausal-hormone-therapy-preventive-medication
    November 01, 2022 - very few cases of breast cancer. 8 , 9 The WHI also reported on breast cancer mortality. … In the WHI (n = 15,874), fewer persons randomized to estrogen plus progestin reported a new diagnosis … The WHI (n = 14,203) reported a significantly higher risk of gallbladder disease in persons randomized … few cases of gallbladder disease. 30 Urinary Incontinence Two trials reported on incident urinary … incontinence (self-reported) in persons taking estrogen plus progestin; both found increased risk.

33. Final Evidence Summary: Illicit Drug Use in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults: Primary Care-Based Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/other-supporting-document19727/drug-use-illicit-primary-care-interventions-for-children-and-adolescents
    September 03, 2020 - Health, social, and legal outcomes were sparsely reported, and few showed improvements. … over a specified period, and 13 trials reported the dichotomous outcomes of any illicit drug use or … Health, social, or legal outcomes were reported in 16 of the general prevention trials 24 , 25 , 31 , … Health, social, and legal outcomes were sparsely reported, and few showed improvements. … Conflict of Interest Disclosures: None reported.

34. Draft Recommendation: Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/draft-recommendation/obstructive-sleep-apnea-adults-screening
    March 29, 2022 - Commonly reported harms of treatment with MADs include oral mucosal, dental, or jaw symptoms, such as … One study found that only 20% of patients with sleep-related symptoms spontaneously reported them to … less, and most of these trials (25 RCTs) reported no death in any study group. … Ten studies (n=2,064) reported on harms of treatment with PAP. … Self-reported automobile accidents involving patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

35. Draft Recommendation: Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia During Pregnancy: Screening and Supplementation | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/draft-recommendation/iron-deficiency-anemia-during-pregnancy-screening-supplementation
    February 27, 2024 - In post-hoc analysis, one trial reported a statistically significant difference in rates of neonatal … maternal hemoglobin values and 13 trials 19-21 , 23 , 25-28 , 30 , 31 , 38 , 40 (N=19,075) reported … Harms of Screening and Supplementation No trials reported on harms of screening. … Twelve trials 19 , 23 , 25-27 , 29-32 , 38 , 40 , 42 (N=22,716) reported evidence on the harms of routine … supplementation during pregnancy. 1 Most trials reported transient gastrointestinal effects such as

36. Recommendation: Osteoporosis to Prevent Fractures: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/osteoporosis-screening
    January 14, 2025 - For OST, the reported AUCs for women across 14 cohorts ranged from 0.64 to 0.81. … Six cohorts reported an AUC for OST of 0.63 to 0.83 in women younger than 65 years. … Five trials of bisphosphonates reported no cases of osteonecrosis of the jaw, and no trials reported … Three trials reported no cases of osteonecrosis of the jaw, and 2 trials reported no cases of atypical … No other level 3 disclosures were reported.

37. Screening for Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis in the General Population: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/ZgcL6cF6JsFzwRRhaSnqc9
    December 01, 2022 - Two limited, prema- turely terminated trials reported mixed results for the com- parative effectiveness … The SPACE-2 trial5 (n = 316) reported no significant dif- ference in composite outcome of stroke or death … The 2 trials, 2 national data sets, and 3 surgical regis- tries reported procedural harms associated … The reported wide variation in com- plication rates may be attributable to patient and surgeon/ operator … Conflict of Interest Disclosures: None reported.

38. Draft Recommendation: Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/draft-recommendation/latent-tuberculosis-infection-adults
    November 22, 2022 - INH-alone groups were reported across both studies and one trial (n=6,886) reported 5 vs. 10 cases of … Two trials reported on harms of RPT+INH vs. … Reported Tuberculosis in the United States, 2020; Table 2. … Reported Tuberculosis in the United States, 2020; Table 29. … Reported Tuberculosis in the United States, 2020; Table 5.

39. Final Recommendation Statement: Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/RecommendationStatementFinal/obstructive-sleep-apnea-in-adults-screening
    November 15, 2022 - Reported harms of treatment with MADs include oral mucosal, dental, or jaw symptoms, such as mucosal … One study found that only 20% of patients with sleep-related symptoms spontaneously reported them to … trials reported no deaths in any study group. … Nineteen trials reported on harms associated with treatment of OSA using positive airway pressure or … In 7 trials, 17% to 74% of participants reported oral mucosal, dental, or jaw symptoms, compared with

40. Folic Acid Supplementation to Prevent Neural Tube Defects: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/4TToeya43r5Qc5A6TjFGWS
    August 01, 2023 - Of these, 3 studies (n = 990 372) reported on the effect of folic acid supplementation on neural tube … , and 1 observational study (n = 429 004) reported on maternal cancer. … One cohort study reported a statistically significant reduced risk of neural tube defects associated … No other statistically significant benefits were reported overall. … Conflict of Interest Disclosures: None reported.