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141. Archived: Screening for HIV in Adolescents and Adults: Evidence Summary: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/screening-for-hiv-in-adolescents-and-adults-evidence-summary/human-immunodeficiency-virus-hiv-infection-screening-2013
     November 20, 2012 - Meta-analysis was not attempted, although we reported meta-analyses from published systematic reviews … None reported blinding of outcome assessors or persons analyzing data, and attrition rates were often … not reported or were unclear. … 2993 enrolled Not reported Not reported Transmission, ART vs. no ART: 4/175 (0.7/100 PYs … : not significant (data not reported) Lamivudine: not significant (data not reported) Abacavir

142. Archived: Evidence Summary: Healthful Diet and Physical Activity for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Adults With Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Behavioral Counseling | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary2/healthy-diet-and-physical-activity-counseling-adults-with-high-risk-of-cvd-august-2014
     August 26, 2014 - We also included observational studies that reported serious harms (that is, adverse events resulting … ) 45–55 reported self-reported quality-of-life (QOL) or depression symptom outcomes (Supplement 3). … Findings of benefit on self-reported QOL measures were mixed. … However, very few trials reported follow-up after 24 months, and the reported effects generally did not … Only 5 trials (4209 participants) reported outcomes at 12 to 24 months.

143. Archived: Physical Activity: Behavior Counseling in Primary Care, July 2002 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/physical-activity-behavioral-counseling-primary-care-2002
     July 01, 2002 - In a 1992 survey, 40 percent of internists reported assessing the activity status of patients, but only … Few studies included efforts to verify or validate self-reported behavioral outcomes. … Of the six trials that reported long-term ( > 6 months) behavioral outcomes, two found significantly … The study did not find any significant overall group differences in self-reported physical activity or … caused little to no increase in the length of the routine visit, 33 percent reported there was some

144. Effectiveness of Weight Management Interventions in Children: A Targeted Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/b5LjDb3-UoPV8LEWavJWB8
     February 01, 2010 - As a sensitivity analysis, we also ran meta-analyses to examine only those that reported BMI change. … When reported, we abstracted data on beneficial outcomes, including their impact on comorbidities. … The longest follow-up reported in any of the included trials was 4 years. … Among trials for which BMI or change in BMI were not reported, 3 trials reported weight outcomes as changes … KQ3: All potential harms reported in KQ1 and KQ2 trials were included.

145. Archived: Prostate Cancer: Screening, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/prostate-cancer-screening-1996
     January 01, 1996 - These methodologic problems account for the large variation in the reported sensitivity, specificity, … prostate cancer in asymptomatic men, 10 although a sensitivity as low as 29% has also been reported … Given the low incidence of aggressive prostate cancer in this study (1% over 10 years), the reported … specificity of 91% would generate a PPV (10-15%) that is lower than that reported from studies using … Although a PPV as high as 31% has been reported for TRUS, 47 its reported PPV when other screening tests

146. Screening for HIV: Systematic Review to Update the 2005 USPSTF Recommendation (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/dvcAbDQWejyK38oxF8qgka
     November 01, 2012 - evaluated the effects of starting ART at different CD4 cell count thresholds and long-term harms, or reported … None reported blinding of outcome assessors or persons analyzing data, and attrition rates were often … not reported or were unclear. … 2993 enrolled Not reported Not reported Transmission, ART vs. no ART: 4/175 (0.7/100 PYs) vs. 171/175 … (data not reported) Lamivudine: not significant (data not reported) Abacavir: 1.07 (1.00 to 1.14) Tenofovir

147. S5Tzxonejd3Qzsoj-7Bq5P (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/s5tZxonEjD3qZsoj-7Bq5P
     May 01, 2014 - Four of the 5 trials assessing self-reported marijuana use found statistically significant differences … Three trials also reported positive outcomes in nonmedical prescription drug use occasions. … The 2012 National Survey on Drug Use and Health reported that 9.5% of children aged 12 to 17 years reported … , and 2.2% reported nonmedical use of opioid pain relievers. … We identified 6 trials (reported in 7 pub- lications) that met our inclusion criteria (14–20).

148. Archived: Obesity in Children and Adolescents: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/obesity-in-children-and-adolescents-screening-june-2017
     June 20, 2017 - Cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors were reported less frequently in trials with fewer contact … Among trials that reported race/ethnicity, 25% to 89% of participants were white. … No cases of lactic acidosis were reported. 3 Orlistat. … No other disclosures are reported. … a Data presented in this table are limited to trials that reported BMI z score.

149. Archived: Reducing Risk for Mother-to-Infant Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus: A Systematic Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force: Hepatitis C: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/reducing-risk-for-mother-to-infant-transmission-of-hepatitis-c-virus-a-systematic-review-for-the-us-preventive-services-task-force/hepatitis-c-screening-2013
     November 15, 2012 - Two studies (1 good-quality, 1 poor-quality study) reported an association between prolonged duration … The 2 good-quality studies reported conflicting results. … One ( n  = 181) reported a direction of effect that was not statistically significant but was similar … The exception was 1 small ( n  = 59), poor-quality Japanese prospective cohort study that reported a … The good-quality study reported greater risk for vertical transmission in women with membrane rupture

150. Archived: Carotid Artery Stenosis: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/carotid-artery-stenosis-screening-july-2014
     July 08, 2014 - Myocardial infarctions are reported in 0.8% to 2.2% of patients after CEA. … Authors reported a sensitivity of 98% (95% CI, 97% to 100%) and a specificity of 88% (CI, 76% to 100% … Reported sensitivity ranged from 46% to 77%, and specificity ranged from 71% to 98%. … VACS reported 4 events in the CEA group and none in the medical therapy group. … Myocardial infarctions are reported in 0.8% to 2.2% of patients after CEA.

151. Archived: Evidence Summary: Healthful Diet and Physical Activity for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Adults: Behavioral Counseling, 2012 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary13/healthful-diet-and-physical-activity-for-cardiovascular-disease-prevention-in-adults-behavioral-counseling
     December 07, 2010 - Medium- and high-intensity counseling resulted in moderate to large changes in self-reported dietary … Very few trials that targeted physical activity alone reported lipid levels. … Two trials reported minor muscular symptoms 27 , 50 , and 3 trials reported falls related to physical … None of the healthful diet counseling trials reported specific adverse events. … Most of the trials relied on self-reported behavioral outcome measures; only 36% of trials reported any

152. Archived: Final Evidence Summary: Healthy Diet and Physical Activity: Counseling for CVD Prevention in Adults | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary27/healthy-diet-and-physical-activity-counseling-for-cvd-prevention-in-adults
     December 15, 2010 - Medium- and high-intensity counseling resulted in moderate to large changes in self-reported dietary … Very few trials that targeted physical activity alone reported lipid levels. … Two trials reported minor muscular symptoms 27 , 50 , and 3 trials reported falls related to physical … None of the healthful diet counseling trials reported specific adverse events.   … Most of the trials relied on self-reported behavioral outcome measures; only 36% of trials reported any

153. Archived: Evidence Summary: Healthful Diet and Physical Activity for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Adults: Behavioral Counseling, 2012 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary13/healthful-diet-and-physical-activity-for-cardiovascular-disease-prevention-in-adults-behavioral-counseling-2012
     December 07, 2010 - Medium- and high-intensity counseling resulted in moderate to large changes in self-reported dietary … Very few trials that targeted physical activity alone reported lipid levels. … Two trials reported minor muscular symptoms 27 , 50 , and 3 trials reported falls related to physical … None of the healthful diet counseling trials reported specific adverse events. … Most of the trials relied on self-reported behavioral outcome measures; only 36% of trials reported any

154. Archived: Final Evidence Summary: Healthy Diet and Physical Activity: Counseling for CVD Prevention in Adults | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary27/healthy-diet-and-physical-activity-counseling-for-cvd-prevention-in-adults-2012
     December 15, 2010 - Medium- and high-intensity counseling resulted in moderate to large changes in self-reported dietary … Very few trials that targeted physical activity alone reported lipid levels. … Two trials reported minor muscular symptoms 27 , 50 , and 3 trials reported falls related to physical … None of the healthful diet counseling trials reported specific adverse events.   … Most of the trials relied on self-reported behavioral outcome measures; only 36% of trials reported any

155. Screening for Hearing Loss in Older Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/TYjwJNXQX6fJfwsvWugc9n
     November 30, 2020 - Few trials reported on other eligible outcomes, and no studies reported on harms of screening or interventions … No subpopulation analyses were reported by the included studies. … Conflict of Interest Disclosures: None were reported. … The accuracy of self-reported hearing loss in women aged 60-85 years. … Accuracy of self-reported hearing loss.

156. Comparative Effectiveness of Treatments for Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/kHRX4aX5V_GKoygGAeejhb
     February 01, 2013 - Which treatments best prevent visual disability and improve patient-reported outcomes is unclear. … Three trials compared patient-reported outcomes be- tween different treatment groups. … For the comparison of bimato- prost with travoprost, Eyawo and colleagues reported a sig- Table. … Rolim de Moura and colleagues further reported Figure. … , and the evidence for the one study that reported optic nerve outcomes was insufficient.

157. Recommendation: Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia During Pregnancy: Screening and Supplementation | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/iron-deficiency-anemia-in-pregnant-women-screening-and-supplementation
     August 20, 2024 - Seven trials 20 , 22 , 27 , 28 , 32 , 38 , 41 (n = 4045) reported on maternal iron deficiency anemia … maternal hemoglobin values and 13 trials 20-22 , 24 , 26-29 , 31 , 32 , 39 , 41 (n = 19,075) reported … Harms of Screening and Supplementation No trials reported on harms of screening. … Twelve trials 20 , 24 , 26-28 , 30-33 , 39 , 41 , 43 (n = 22,716) reported evidence on the harms of … No other disclosures were reported.

158. Archived: Glaucoma: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/glaucoma-screening-2013
     July 15, 2013 - A recent study reported a prevalence of 4.7% in Hispanics older than 40 years 3 . … Nineteen additional primary studies reported mixed results with treatment; a few reported improvements … in visual field measurements with medical treatment, 7 reported no change, and 9 reported worsening … Eye redness was the most commonly reported adverse effect of topical medical treatments for glaucoma. … Other reported adverse effects of topical medications included eye irritation, eye dryness, increased

159. Behavioral Counseling in Primary Care to Promote Physical Activity - Recommendations and Rationale (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/ngSKuH6MP9L_BSuX-Pp2K6
     January 01, 2010 - In a 1992 survey, 40% of internists reported assessing the activity status of patients, but only 25% … of all the internists reported writing physical activity plans for patients.7,8 Similarly, 30% of nurse … Few studies included efforts to verify or validate self- reported behavioral outcomes. … Of the 6 trials that reported long-term (≥ 6 months) behavioral outcomes, 2 found significantly higher … The study did not find any significant overall group differences in self-reported physical activity or

160. Evidence Summary: Oral Health in Adults: Screening and Preventive Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/oral-health-adults-screening-preventive-interventions
     November 07, 2023 - One study 21 of an 8-item questionnaire administered in a medical setting reported lower sensitivity … oral health to generate a patient-reported Periodontitis Risk Score (pPRS; range, 0-20; higher scores … Two trials evaluated sodium fluoride varnish (22,600 ppm F) in older adults and reported inconsistent … Conflict of Interest Disclosures: None reported. … Accuracy of a 7-item patient-reported stand-alone tool for periodontitis screening.