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121. untitled (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/VNs-WaxpPcsodxCb57gYmn
     January 03, 2017 - The adequacy of the evidence var- ies based on the type of intervention and the reported intermedi- ate … A broad range of sensitiv- ity and specificity was reported across multiple AHI cutpoints. … Five trials (n = 1529) reported on incidence of myocardial infarction. … Nine studies (n = 1759) reported on harms of treatment with CPAP. … Fewer studies reported on the harms of treatment.

122. Final Evidence Review: Glaucoma: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-review38/glaucoma-screening
     February 15, 2013 - Which treatments best prevent visual disability and improve patient-reported outcomes is unclear. … Three trials compared patient-reported outcomes between different treatment groups. … Single included RCTs also reported outcomes at longer follow-up. … , and the evidence for the one study that reported optic nerve outcomes was insufficient. … Eyawo and colleagues reported 49% lower odds of redness with latanoprost compared with travoprost.

123. Archived: Final Evidence Review: Glaucoma: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-review38/glaucoma-screening-2013
     February 15, 2013 - Which treatments best prevent visual disability and improve patient-reported outcomes is unclear. … Three trials compared patient-reported outcomes between different treatment groups. … Single included RCTs also reported outcomes at longer follow-up. … , and the evidence for the one study that reported optic nerve outcomes was insufficient. … Eyawo and colleagues reported 49% lower odds of redness with latanoprost compared with travoprost.

124. Evidence Summary: Ovarian Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/ovarian-cancer-screening
     February 13, 2018 - In the PLCO trial, 21 17% of women reported any family history of breast or ovarian cancer. … h Data reported only for prevalence round: 11.9% (5734/48,177). … One larger trial (n = 151,923) reported complications in 3.1% of false-positive operations. … One smaller trial (n = 21,935) reported no surgical complications. … Psychological harms were reported in a subset of 1 trial.

125. Archived: Evidence Summary: Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents (Hypertension): Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary16/blood-pressure-in-children-and-adolescents-hypertension-screening-october-2013
     February 15, 2013 - No serious treatment-related adverse effects were reported. … Adverse event data were often poorly reported, and most studies reported noncomparative data from open-label … treatment; significance not reported) 56 . … No studies of lifestyle modification alone reported adverse events. … Other harms associated with screening were not reported.

126. Evidence Summary: High Blood Pressure in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary19/high-blood-pressure-in-adults-screening
     December 22, 2014 - Risk was most commonly reported as the hazard ratio associated with each 10–mm Hg increase in systolic … End-stage kidney disease outcomes were not reported. … The fair-quality study 28 reported the lowest sensitivity and used 3 different oscillometric devices … Overall, these 4 studies reported more consistent specificities (97% to 98%) and PPVs (76% to 84%). … No associations among reported race/ethnicity, sex, or smoking were qualitatively detected.

127. Archived: Evidence Summary: High Blood Pressure in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary19/high-blood-pressure-in-adults-screening-october-2015
     December 22, 2014 - Risk was most commonly reported as the hazard ratio associated with each 10–mm Hg increase in systolic … End-stage kidney disease outcomes were not reported. … The fair-quality study 28 reported the lowest sensitivity and used 3 different oscillometric devices … Overall, these 4 studies reported more consistent specificities (97% to 98%) and PPVs (76% to 84%). … No associations among reported race/ethnicity, sex, or smoking were qualitatively detected.

128. Archived: Evidence Summary: High Blood Pressure in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary19/high-blood-pressure-in-adults-screening-monitoring-october-2015
     December 22, 2014 - Risk was most commonly reported as the hazard ratio associated with each 10–mm Hg increase in systolic … End-stage kidney disease outcomes were not reported. … The fair-quality study 28 reported the lowest sensitivity and used 3 different oscillometric devices … Overall, these 4 studies reported more consistent specificities (97% to 98%) and PPVs (76% to 84%). … No associations among reported race/ethnicity, sex, or smoking were qualitatively detected.

129. Screening for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults: Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/Rm4E5SooP2GnqJ_HVRA5M4
     January 01, 2017 - The study of Medicare recipients reported reasonable discrimination Figure 1. … Ten trials reported Table 2. … Thirty-four trials reported sufficient ESS data to include in meta-analyses. … Most were short-term RCTs (12 weeks or less) that reported zero or few deaths. … Thirty-one RCTs reported on mortality (eTable 29 in the Supple- ment); most (29 RCTs) reported mortality

130. Archived: Evidence Summary: Sexually Transmitted Infections: Behavioral Counseling | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary1/sexually-transmitted-infections-behavioral-counseling-september-2014
     September 22, 2014 - Specific measures of sexual behavior were reported inconsistently, and some trials reported many interrelated … outcomes; inconsistency in outcomes reported; some outcomes very sparsely reported; same applicability … outcomes; inconsistency in outcomes reported; some outcomes very sparsely reported; same applicability … † Self-reported (only or in part) STI outcome. … † Self-reported (only or in part) STI outcome.

131. Interventions to Prevent Falls in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: USPSTF Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/h-w99jVsodSL33kV2h2_qW
     April 17, 2018 - In 2014, 28.7% of community-dwelling adults 65 years or older reported falling, resulting in 29 million … Total contact time was rarely reported, precluding quantification of interven- tion intensity. … Only 3 studies reported the race/ethnicity of participants, who were almost exclusively white. … One study reported 1 wrist frac- ture in the intervention group21 and another study reported a rate of … Most reported harms seem to arise from the exercise components of interventions.

132. Archived: Final Evidence Summary: Obesity in Children and Adolescents: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary39/obesity-in-children-and-adolescents-screening-2010
     January 15, 2010 - The longest follow-up reported in any of the included trials was 4 years. … Among trials for which BMI or change in BMI were not reported, 3 trials reported weight outcomes as changes … KQ3: All potential harms reported in KQ1 and KQ2 trials were included. … c BMI not reported, so other outcome is listed. d Unpublished data supplied by author. … e Calculated on the basis of differences reported baseline to 3 months and 3 to 6 months.

133. Archived: Evidence Summary: Alcohol Misuse: Screening and Counseling | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/alcohol-misuse-screening-and-counseling-2004
     April 06, 2004 - Several recent studies reported both initial and ongoing training. 52 , 53  Only 3 studies reported … Systems support: Some provider training reported. No incentives reported. … No provider training reported. … No incentives reported. … No incentives reported.

134. Evidence Summary: Falls Prevention in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/falls-prevention-in-older-adults-interventions
     April 17, 2018 - Few exercise trials reported fall-related fractures. … Fall-related fractures and injurious falls were not widely reported in the included trials, and while … Incident fractures and quality of life were rarely reported, and no studies reported disability. … 55 , 56 , 58 , 60 Two of these trials also reported harms in the control group for comparison and reported … adverse effects reported are unlikely to be attributable to vitamin D.

135. Archived: Evidence Summary: Falls Prevention in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/falls-prevention-in-older-adults-interventions-2018
     April 17, 2018 - Few exercise trials reported fall-related fractures. … Fall-related fractures and injurious falls were not widely reported in the included trials, and while … Incident fractures and quality of life were rarely reported, and no studies reported disability. … 55 , 56 , 58 , 60 Two of these trials also reported harms in the control group for comparison and reported … adverse effects reported are unlikely to be attributable to vitamin D.

136. Primary Care–Relevant Interventions for Tobacco Use Prevention and Cessation in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Evidence Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/myqvgr-dsW7k3eQbwj4aR4
     February 01, 2013 - self-reported smoking status or harms were included. … Limitations: No studies reported health outcomes. Interventions and measures were heterogeneous. … In 2011, 23.4% of high school students reported that they currently used a tobacco product (4, 5). … We included studies that reported harms at any follow-up time point. … We relied on measures of self- reported smoking because biochemical verification was not reported or

137. Screening for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/BhnZRA--TRpXdg9_tYmZ_M
     April 05, 2016 - Trials that reported outcomes in patients with mild to moderate COPD included 2 trials of long-acting … Few trials reported harms for any individual drug class. … For studies of diagnostic accuracy, 2 × 2 tables were con- structed from data reported in the primary … a No. analyzed; No. screened was not reported. b Calculated. Table 2. … Reported pneumonia in patients with COPD: findings from the INSPIRE study.

138. Screening for Impaired Visual Acuity in Older Adults: USPSTF Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/8JYDupJfG6LdRn7A6FkqXX
     March 01, 2016 - In 2011, about 12% of US adults aged 65 to 74 years and 15% of those 75 years or older reported having … Several studies evaluated the direct benefit of screening and reported no reductions in vision dis- orders … These studies reported moderate sensitivity (0.75 to 0.80) and specificity (0.68 to 0.77).11 A third … The study reported poor accuracy, depending on the cutoff score; sensitivity ranged from 0.11 to 0.52 … CI, 0.40-0.96]).18 Another trial reported no effect on falls or fracture risk.19 Some studies showed

139. Interventions to Prevent Falls in Older Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/HhFR4LyVtxMcwmafRH6Ehp
     June 04, 2024 - For KQ2, any trial-reported harms were included. … Five of these trials51,54,60,62,72 also reported harms in the con- trol group. … Zero percent58 to 11%56 reported falls during the intervention exercise program. … One trial43 reported a fall-related wrist fracture (1/352). … Conflict of Interest Disclosures: None reported.

140. Evidence Summary: Atrial Fibrillation: Screening With Electrocardiography | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/atrial-fibrillation-screening-with-electrocardiography
     August 07, 2018 - No eligible studies were identified that focused on this question and reported results. … The SAFE study reported the CHADS 2 (congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥75 years, diabetes … The subgroup analyses reported from the SAFE study found that screening may not increase detection of … Abstract only: Study details were only reported in an abstract. … b Study reported median (rather than mean) age.