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Total Results: 365 records

Showing results for "rather than".

301. Archived: Screening for HIV in Pregnant Women: Evidence Summary: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/screening-for-hiv-in-pregnant-women-evidence-summary/human-immunodeficiency-virus-hiv-infection-screening-2013
     November 15, 2012 - Mother-to-child transmission is responsible for more than 90% of pediatric HIV infections in the United … elective cesarean delivery before labor or rupture of membranes in women with HIV RNA levels greater than … Rather, this update focuses on new evidence on the effectiveness of combination antiretroviral regimens … In general, these studies reported lower transmission rates with antiretroviral therapy than expected … ‡ Some articles are included for more than 1 key question.

302. Overview of Prostate Cancer Screening Decision Models: A Contextual Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/vTHBrY6VuqjoouJvUmtkr4
     May 01, 2018 - (dis)utilities (k=7), and screening in subpopulations at higher risk (based on risk factors other than … For the strategies with a PSA threshold for biopsy less than 10.0 µg/L, incorporating information on … conceptual framework for determining how to screen men with an increased risk for prostate cancer rather … than actual guidance or recommendations for risk-stratified screening. … X -- Analytic Does not conceptualize natural history of cancer; rather, focuses on the effects

303. Collaborative Modeling to Compare Different Breast Cancer Screening Strategies: A Decision Analysis for the US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/ZSVRTLv938Gtr5au4-6eYL
     September 01, 2024 - comorbidity level experienced greater screening benefits than other groups. … mammography screening self- identify as women.19 Since model results are based on data for sex (ie, female) rather … For each strategy, benefits were larger for Black women than for all women. … 40% greater than for women over- all (Table 4). … Finally, some analyses were based on findings from fewer than 6 models for pragmatic reasons.

304. Overview of Prostate Cancer Screening Decision Models: A Contextual Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Home/GetFile/1/16813/prostate-cancer-models-overview/pdf
     May 01, 2018 - (dis)utilities (k=7), and screening in subpopulations at higher risk (based on risk factors other than … For the strategies with a PSA threshold for biopsy less than 10.0 µg/L, incorporating information on … conceptual framework for determining how to screen men with an increased risk for prostate cancer rather … than actual guidance or recommendations for risk-stratified screening. … X -- Analytic Does not conceptualize natural history of cancer; rather, focuses on the effects

305. Archived: Screening: Evidence Summary: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/-screening-evidence-summary/gestational-diabetes-mellitus-screening-january-2014
     May 15, 2013 - Glycated hemoglobin level had poorer test characteristics than fasting plasma glucose level or the OGCT … present, whereas a negative LR less than 0.10 suggests a large and often conclusive probability that … If there were more than 3 studies and they were clinically homogeneous (that is, they included women … studies in this systematic review assessed the performance of screening tests compared with OGTT results rather … than pregnancy outcomes.

306. Evidence Summary: Weight Loss to Prevent Obesity-Related Morbidity and Mortality in Adults: Behavioral Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/obesity-in-adults-interventions
     September 18, 2018 - higher dropout rates for adverse events in the medication groups than in the placebo groups. … intermediate outcomes (eg, continuous measures of blood pressure, cholesterol levels, glucose levels); rather … sizes) suggests that benefits are likely dependent on individual, social, and environmental factors rather … than specific intervention characteristics. … Are Asians at greater mortality risks for being overweight than Caucasians?

307. Screening for Syphilis Infection in Nonpregnant Adults and Adolescents: A Targeted Evidence Update for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/CVoJ9fc9nv2Zsgs8R8XabH
     September 01, 2022 - with increased stress experience included history of injected drug use, Black race/ethnicity, less than … They reported that rates of syphilis diagnoses were consistently higher for Black MSM than for White … Therefore, the automated RPR may be more suitable for monitoring treatment response rather than screening … information on gender or sex (e.g., cis-man, trans-man), we will use gender terminology (e.g., man, woman) rather … • Was the exposure(s) assessed more than once over time?

308. Evidence Summary: Breastfeeding: Primary Care Behavioral Counseling Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/breastfeeding-primary-care-interventions
     April 11, 2025 - 3 months, 3 months to less than 6 months, 6 months, and 12 months. … Just more than one-third of studies took place in the United States (33); the remaining studies took … The total duration of interventions also varied widely and ranged from 1 day (1 session) to more than … 3 months, 3 months to less than 6 months, and 6 months ( Table 1 ). … Rather, there was a wide range of approaches that were shown to improve rates of breastfeeding and are

309. Archived: Evidence Summary: Alcohol Misuse: Screening and Behavioral Counseling Interventions in Primary Care | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary9/alcohol-misuse-screening-and-behavioral-counseling-interventions-in-primary-care-2013
     September 25, 2012 - , 0.12 [CI, 0.07 to 0.16]; 7 trials; 2737 participants), and 11% more adults reported drinking less than … drinking practices (for example, by encouraging fewer drinks per occasion or not drinking before driving) rather … than to achieve abstinence. … Other than the results for opportunity costs, our results are limited by the few trials that reported … These categories are not all discrete (an individual may meet the definition of more than one).

310. Archived: Evaluating Test Strategies for Colorectal Cancer Screening: A Decision Analysis for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force: Colorectal Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evaluating-test-strategies-for-colorectal-cancer-screening-a-decision-analysis-for-the-us-preventive-services-task-force/colorectal-cancer-screening-2008
     October 15, 2008 - Results of Base-Case Analysis: Beginning screening at age 50 years was consistently better than at age … The life-years gained for this set of screening strategies is approximately 8% to 12% lower than that … As expected, results for the worst-case analysis showed fewer life-years gained than results for the … We note that our analysis used chronologic age rather than comorbidity-adjusted life expectancy and that … In practice, adherence is much lower than 100% and varies across type of screening test.

311. Archived: Evidence Summary: Suicide Risk in Adolescents, Adults and Older Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary20/suicide-risk-in-adolescents-adults-and-older-adults-screening
     April 15, 2013 - Limitation: Treatment evidence was derived from high-risk rather than screen-detected populations. … It accounted for more than 1.4 million years of potential life lost before age 85 years 3 . … Psychotherapy did not show greater improvement than usual care for suicidal ideation (SMD, −0.10 [CI, … Among psychotherapy studies, we found no clear predictors of effect size other than target age (adults … This trial reported suicide rates per 100,000 persons as its outcome, rather than following an identified

312. Archived: Evidence Summary: Aspirin Use to Prevent Cardiovascular Events: Aspirin Use to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Colorectal Cancer: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary-aspirin-to-prevent-cardiovascular/aspirin-to-prevent-cardiovascular-disease-and-cancer-april-2016
     April 11, 2016 - Ten trials reported RRs of 0.81 to 0.98, and 1 trial 24 reported an RR greater than 1. … be largely driven by a benefit in participants with diabetes (adjusted RR, 0.46 [CI, 0.25 to 0.85]) rather … than those without diabetes (adjusted RR, 0.87 [CI, 0.72 to 1.05]). … stroke benefit is not seen with all doses of aspirin, the certainty of the stroke benefit is weaker than … that of the average population or the baseline risk for CVD events is higher than that for the average

313. Archived: Evidence Summary: Osteoporosis: Screening 2011 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary6/osteoporosis-screening-2011
     July 06, 2010 - previous fractures reported mean baseline BMD T-scores less than -3.0 22-25 . … Important methodological limitations of studies include nonrepresentative samples, cross-sectional rather … Instruments with fewer risk factors often did as well or better than those with more. … -2.5 25 ; and 3 trials enrolled women with T-scores greater than -1.0 85 , 86 , 91 . … 65; and b) men older than 50?"

314. Interventions to Support Breastfeeding: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/SJbAXUAQTv2GWemMuBab6W
     April 08, 2025 - 3 months, 3 months to less than 6 months, 6 months, and 12 months. … Just more than one-third of studies took place in the United States (33); the remaining studies took … The total duration of in- terventions also varied widely and ranged from 1 day (1 session) to more than … 3 months, 3 months to less than 6 months, and 6 months (Table 1). … Rather, there was a wide range of approaches that were shown to improve rates of breastfeeding and are

315. Screening for Skin Cancer in Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/8dzfZ_s3tZueoEh5Xzh-3A
     July 26, 2016 - Tumor thickness greater than 4.0 mm was associated with increased melanoma mortality compared with thinner … Although NMSC represents more than 97% of skin cancers,1 melanoma skin cancer is the pri- mary public … cancer screening is to detect skin can- cers, particularly melanoma, earlier in their clinical course than … melanoma in situ.30 These data suggest po- tential increased detection of clinically insignificant cancers rather … Cases with thin melanoma lesions (≤0.75 mm) had 38% higher odds of clinical skin exam than controls.

316. Archived: Evidence Summary: Obesity in Adults: Screening and Counseling, 2003 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/obesity-in-adults-screening-and-counseling-2003
     December 15, 2003 - No counseling RCT was of more than 54 months duration. … Pharmacotherapy trials were accepted with shorter followup periods than other treatment modes. … Vertical banded gastroplasty at more than 5 years. Obes Surg 1998;8:29-34. 152. … and to focus on learning to eat in a manner consistent with a reasonable eventual end-goal weight, rather … than focusing on how quickly weight can be lost.

317. Folic Acid Supplementation to Prevent Neural Tube Defects: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/4TToeya43r5Qc5A6TjFGWS
     August 01, 2023 - of participants with prepregnancy diabetes or pregestational obesity for exposures measured as less than … indication of dose response in 3 of 4 studies19,20,22-24; 1 study showed lower odds for daily use vs less than … adjusting for maternal age (aOR, 0.54 [95% CI, 0.29-0.95]).8 Results adjusting for planned pregnancy rather … than maternal age were similar but not statistically signifi- cant (aOR, 0.57 [95% CI, 0.30-1.02]).8

318. Archived: Evidence Summary: Tobacco Smoking Cessation in Adults, Including Pregnant Women: Behavioral and Pharmacotherapy Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/behavioral-counseling-and-pharmacotherapy-interventions-for-/tobacco-use-in-adults-and-pregnant-women-counseling-and-interventions-september-2015
     September 21, 2015 - cessation advice by a physician, for example, were 76% more likely to have quit at 6 months or more than … The included reviews represented more than 800 RCTs, many of which were published since the last … We probably mitigated this potential shortcoming by basing our estimates on primary reviews rather … than reporting results from several reviews. … The evidence base for varenicline, although consistent, is smaller than that for NRT and bupropion

319. JAMA (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/GcjfCZtGpACQMv2KScLbEu
     June 11, 2019 - full-course combination ART associated with rates of mother-to-child transmission that ranged from less than … India and Africa among HIV-infected women (92% breastfeed- ing) with CD4 cell counts of or greater than … with higher scores on the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelli- gence III (WPPSI-III) test than … Third, observational studies, which are more sus- ceptible to bias and confounding than well-conducted … Fifth, most studies reported results for individual ART agents and classes rather than for ART regimens

320. JAMA (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/pACFPdCoN8fVoddBs-_CLE
     November 12, 2019 - recommendation applies to women, the net ben- efit estimates are driven by biological sex (ie, male/female) rather … than gender identity. … more studies of newer imaging tech- niques (breast MRI), surgical procedures (salpingo-oophorectomy rather … than oophorectomy alone), and medications (aromatase in- hibitors). … Cancers associated with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations other than breast and ovarian.