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101. Evidence Summary: Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia During Pregnancy: Screening and Supplementation | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/iron-deficiency-anemia-in-pregnant-women-screening-and-supplementation
     August 20, 2024 - There were no statistically significant differences in maternal quality of life, rates of gestational … quality of life, preeclampsia, postpartum hemorrhage, postpartum depression, and cesarean delivery rates … were not a prespecified outcome in any study, and event rates were low (<1% to 2%). … Fourth, due to anticipated statistical heterogeneity with regard to populations, setting, rates of iron … of maternal hemorrhage Consistent Imprecise No reporting bias detected Low event rates in

102. Archived: Breastfeeding: Counseling, July 2003 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/breastfeeding-counseling-2003
     July 01, 2003 - that include samples of infant formula and/or bottles and nipples are associated with reducing the rates … Observational studies in North America and Europe have found that breast-fed infants have reduced rates … trials have found that structured breastfeeding education and behavioral counseling programs improve rates … of in-hospital care or routine preventive visits is effective on its own in increasing breastfeeding rates … intervention. 15 , 16 Written materials alone do not appear effective in increasing breastfeeding rates

103. Behavioral Interventions to Promote Breastfeeding - Recommendations and Rationale (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/rdNAq7uEUC2tNYV6_L9Qte
     January 01, 2010 - combining breastfeeding education with behaviorally- oriented counseling are associated with increased rates … that include samples of infant formula and/or bottles and nipples are associated with reducing the rates … Observational studies in North America and Europe have found that breast-fed infants have reduced rates … trials have found that structured breastfeeding education and behavioral counseling programs improve rates … in- hospital care or routine preventive visits is effective on its own in increasing breastfeeding rates

104. Screening for Gonorrhea: Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/xA88A347Uk9kr-mAXtjKWZ
     January 01, 2010 - population-based risk factors, including residence in urban communities and communities with high rates … With decreasing rates each year since 1999, this marks the lowest rate of gonorrhea ever reported by … Nonetheless, only 8 states had gonorrhea rates below the Healthy People 2010 national target of 19 cases … Rates in the South, however, have been decreasing steadily since 1999, while rates in the West have … Both rates and changes in rates differ among racial and ethnic groups.

105. Primary Care Interventions to Support Breastfeeding: Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/HMTQY64cVavMZjxR3mCe5E
     January 01, 2020 - tially breastfeed stop doing so by 6 months, and there are signifi- cant disparities in breastfeeding rates … Adequate evidence indicates that interventions to support breast- feeding increase the duration and rates … Studies in populations with low breastfeeding rates are especially needed, and more research is needed … Rates of exclusive breastfeeding through 3 and 6 months were 43.3% and 21.9%, respectively.1 These rates … All 4 trials of individual-level interventions among adolescents or young adults reported higher rates

106. Final Research Plan: Cervical Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/cervical-cancer-screening
     October 29, 2015 - What are the regression rates of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)3? … What are the rates of colposcopy- and biopsy-related harms (e.g., pain, discomfort, bleeding, and infection … test positivity with increased, similar, or minimally reduced positive predictive value KQ 2: Rates … of false-positive and false-negative screening test results Rates of colposcopy and/or biopsy Labeling

107. Archived: Final Evidence Summary: Lung Cancer: Screening, May 2004 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary35/lung-cancer-screening-2004
     May 15, 2004 - Unfortunately, although overall prevalence rates of smoking in the United States have decreased over … The mortality rates were 3.4/1,000 person-years in the dual-screening group and 3.8/1,000 person-years … Using this criterion, the false-positive rates in the CT studies ranged from 5% to 50% in prevalence … Alternatively, an increase in lung cancer mortality rates among screened persons may be a consequence … Overall, mortality rates range from 1.3% to 11.6% and morbidity rates from 8.8% to 44% among several

108. Evidence Summary: Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Pregnant Women: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/hepatitis-b-virus-infection-in-pregnant-women-screening
     July 23, 2019 - Two fair-quality observational studies that compared perinatal transmission rates over time were included … health care organization in the United States between 1997 and 2010. 4 Both studies documented low rates … in an integrated health system Case management in the integrated health system attained very high rates … of on-time prophylaxis completion Very low perinatal transmission rates (0.5%-0.8%) reported in most

109. Draft Research Plan: Early Allergen Introduction to Prevent Food Allergies in Infants: Counseling | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/draft-research-plan/early-food-allergen-introduction-infants-counseling
     May 09, 2024 - Does counseling for early introduction of allergens in unselected or increased-risk infants increase rates … reactions, including anaphylaxis or fatal reactions, after the intervention period Quality of life Rates

110. Modeling Study: Breast Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/modeling-study/breast-cancer-screening
     April 30, 2024 - and higher cancer detection rates for DBT compared with digital mammography, 3 , 4 even though data … Black women) continue to experience higher breast cancer mortality than White women despite similar rates … of mammography screening and lower (but steadily increasing) rates of breast cancer incidence. 8 The … with a linear model based on rates in 1975 and calibrated over time. 12 Incidence was increased for … Meta-analysis of prospective studies evaluating breast cancer detection and interval cancer rates for

111. Archived: Final Evidence Summary: Depression in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary20/depression-in-adults-screening-2009
     December 15, 2009 - We examined rates of early discontinuation as a proxy for less serious adverse effects, particularly … Rates of suicidal behaviors in real-world practice situations were similar to trial rates for 1 study … Suicide rates in short-term randomized controlled trials of newer antidepressants. … The response rates were higher in the active comparator trials compared with the placebo trials. … No differences were found in suicide rates between SSRI use vs. nonuse.

112. Screening for Depression and Suicide Risk in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/bF_Y9vcT3eNPdHjTxPZsUZ
     April 17, 2023 - did not de- cline among Black and Hispanic/Latino persons.17 Rates of suicide attempts and deaths vary … No information on screening rates for depression and suicide risk in the US was iden- tified. … Changes in suicide rates—United States, 2018–2019. … Suicide rates for females and males by race and ethnicity: United States, 1999 and 2017. … Trends in suicide rates by race and ethnicity in the United States.

113. Recommendation: Depression and Suicide Risk in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/screening-depression-suicide-risk-adults
     June 20, 2023 - for women occur between the ages of 45 and 54 years, while for men the highest rates occur after age … No information on screening rates for depression and suicide risk in the US was identified. … Changes in suicide rates—United States, 2018–2019. … Suicide rates for females and males by race and ethnicity: United States, 1999 and 2017. … Trends in suicide rates by race and ethnicity in the United States.

114. Screening for Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/8YfPLRoMwTeaDgxJdYnYbb
     September 24, 2019 - and treatment as part of standard prenatal care.4,5 In general adult populations, women have higher rates … Rates of pyelonephritis in the control group were much lower in the 2 most recent studies29,33 than in … Higher rates of pyelonephritis were observed in the control group (placebo or no treatment) than in the … In most of the studies conducted before 1980, rates of pyelonephritis in pregnant women with untreated … Rates of 2.2% and 2.5% were reported in the 2 most recent trials, yet in 8 of the ear- lier trials rates

115. Archived: Evidence Summary: Bleeding Risks With Aspirin Use: Aspirin Use to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Colorectal Cancer: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary-bleeding-risks-with-aspirin-use/aspirin-to-prevent-cardiovascular-disease-and-cancer-april-2016
     April 11, 2016 - On the basis of the minimum, median, and maximum event rates (excluding outliers and zeros) for each … We contrasted excess cases based on control group event rates from trials with results based on control … In contrast, hospitalization rates for GI bleeding among control participants in the cohort study 22 … compared with 1.39 excess cases per 1000 person-years based on cohort control group rates) ( Table 3 … Baseline Estimates of Major Bleeding Risks, by Subgroup In both trial and cohort data, bleeding rates

116. Archived: Risk Factors and Other Epidemiologic Considerations for Cervical Cancer Screening: A Narrative Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force: Cervical Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/risk-factors-and-other-epidemiologic-considerations-for-cervical-cancer-screening-a-narrative-review-for-the-us-preventive-services-task-force/cervical-cancer-screening-2012
     October 15, 2011 - Screening for cervical cancer in this age group is complicated by lower rates of detection and higher … rates of false-positive results than in older women. … The incidence of, and mortality rates from, cervical cancer and the proportion of U.S. women aged 65 … Screening before 21 years of age is complicated by lower detection rates and higher rates of false-positive … Incidence and mortality rates for cervical cancer also vary by race and ethnicity 76 .

117. Archived: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection: Screening, 2005 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/human-immunodeficiency-virus-hiv-infection-screening-2005
     July 05, 2005 - that recommended regimens of HAART are acceptable to pregnant women and lead to significantly reduced rates … that recommended regimens of HAART are acceptable to pregnant women and lead to significantly reduced rates … Those at increased risk (as determined by prevalence rates) include: men who have had sex with men after … fifth leading cause of death in persons aged 25 to 44 years in the United States. 5 HIV incidence rates … No significant increases in the rates of congenital anomalies, neonatal conditions, or other fetal harm

118. Archived: Colorectal Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/colorectal-cancer-screening-2002
     June 13, 2002 - generally been restricted to patients younger than 80 years of age, with colorectal cancer mortality rates … Rates of perforation for diagnostic procedures in 16 published studies ranged from 0.03% to 0.61%. … A reminder system can increase adherence rates by an average of 14%. … Studies conducted in primary care settings have found rates of adherence for sigmoidoscopy to be 25% … Colonoscopic miss rates of adenomas determined by back-to-back colonoscopies.

119. Recommendation: Oral Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/oral-cancer-screening
     November 15, 2013 - African Americans previously had higher incidence rates of oral and pharyngeal cancer than white persons … However, current data indicate a change in racial or ethnic incidence rates, such that white men and … women now have higher incidence rates 3 . … Indian and Alaska Native, Asian and Pacific Islander, and Latino men and women have lower incidence rates … Mortality rates are substantially higher in African Americans and in men; mortality rates in American

120. Screening for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Using Spirometry: Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/QTJe7MfZ7cru9yYpxqx77m
     April 01, 2008 - evidence shows that providing smokers with spirometry results does not independently improve cessation rates … exacerbations, no studies have examined whether performing spirometry increases influenza vaccina- tion rates … spirometry, alone or as part of a multicomponent interven- tion, leads to improved smoking cessation rates … False positive rates of multiple pulmonary function tests in healthy subjects. … cessation counseling and be offered pharm acologic therapies dem onstrated to increase cessation rates