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81. Final Research Plan: Vitamin, Mineral, and Multivitamin Supplementation to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/vitamin-supplementation-to-prevent-cvd-and-cancer-preventive-medication
    September 05, 2019 - They should not be construed as an official position of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality … effects on main outcomes (from trial evidence included for KQs 1 and 3) KQs 1, 3: Intermediate measures … of cardiovascular disease risk factors (i.e., systolic and diastolic blood pressure, lipid measures, … and glucose measures), precancerous lesions Nonmelanoma skin cancer will not be considered in studies … that target populations with a history of previous skin cancer KQs 2, 4: Intermediate or laboratory measures

82. Draft Research Plan: Speech and Language Delay and Disorders in Children: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/draft-research-plan/speech-language-delay-disorders-children-age-5-years-younger-screening
    January 20, 2022 - They should not be construed as an official position of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality … e.g., expressive language, receptive language, phonology, vocabulary, syntax, pragmatics) KQ 1, 5: Measures … or achievement (e.g., reading comprehension), behavior competence, socioemotional functioning, and quality … of life KQ 2: Measures of screening test accuracy (e.g., sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative … Rating Studies rated fair or good quality Studies rated poor quality Language of published

83. Draft Research Plan: Vitamin, Mineral, and Multivitamin Supplementation to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/draft-research-plan/vitamin-supplementation-to-prevent-cvd-and-cancer-preventive-medication
    May 23, 2019 - They should not be construed as an official position of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality … effects on main outcomes (from trial evidence included for KQs 1 and 3) KQs 1, 3: Intermediate measures … of cardiovascular disease risk factors (i.e., systolic and diastolic blood pressure, lipid measures, … and glucose measures) Timing All-cause mortality: Minimum of 1 year of  followup All other

84. Recommendation: Hypertension in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/hypertension-in-adults-screening
    April 27, 2021 - They should not be construed as an official position of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality … Screen: Measure blood pressure with an office blood pressure measurement. … Ways to measure blood pressure outside of the clinical setting include: Ambulatory blood pressure … They should not be construed as an official position of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality … Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2021. AHRQ publication 20-05265-EF-1. 9.

85. JAMA (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/4_pXjq7Egjwb_vjZZT-NGB
    May 01, 2021 - MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Morbidity or mortality, measures of health-related quality of life. … Included outcomes were mortality, morbidity related to hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, measures … Quality: Study was poor quality. … Reasonably consistent, reasonably precise for mental health/HRQoL Risk of bias higher for anxiety outcome measures … of the trials found differences in anxiety or postnatal depression between study groups; different measures

86. Archived: Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents (Hypertension): Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/blood-pressure-in-children-and-adolescents-hypertension-screening-october-2013
    October 15, 2013 - Comparative accuracy studies that examine the different types of devices to measure blood pressure, such … Prospective and retrospective cohort studies that include blood pressure measures and other cardiovascular … Studies that elucidate the association among childhood hypertension, adult hypertension, and surrogate measures … Studies of treatment during childhood should include an assessment of medication harms, measures of long-term … As a result, intermediate measures of target end-organ injury, including physical alterations to the

87. Archived: Final Research Plan: Breast Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan97/breast-cancer-screening-january-2016
    July 17, 2014 - They should not be construed as an official position of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality … c Morbidity includes: physical adverse effects of treatment, quality of life measures, and other measures … advanced breast cancer and treatment-related morbidity (i.e., physical adverse effects of treatment, quality … of life measures, other measures of impairment). … Harms KQs 5, 6: False-positive findings; anxiety; adverse effects on quality of life; false-positive

88. Archived: C-Reactive Protein as a Risk Factor for Coronary Heart Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analyses for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force: Coronary Heart Disease: Screening Using Non-Traditional Risk Factors | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/c-reactive-protein-as-a-risk-factor-for-coronary-heart-disease-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analyses-for-the-us-preventive-services-task-force/coronary-heart-disease-screening-using-non-traditional-risk-factors
    July 15, 2008 - In particular, they did not systematically assess the degree of adjustment for standard measures of CHD … , discrimination measures, or model calibration statistics separately for models with and without CRP … They note that measures of risk reclassification are probably better than the c-statistic for assessing … Using data from the Women's Health Study, Cook and colleagues 23 demonstrated that although measures … Non-HDL cholesterol, apolipoproteins A-I and B100, standard lipid measures, lipid ratios, and CRP as

89. Archived: C-Reactive Protein as a Risk Factor for Coronary Heart Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analyses for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force: Coronary Heart Disease: Screening Using Non-Traditional Risk Factors | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/c-reactive-protein-as-a-risk-factor-for-coronary-heart-disease-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analyses-for-the-us-preventive-services-task-force/coronary-heart-disease-screening-using-non-traditional-risk-factors-2009
    July 15, 2008 - In particular, they did not systematically assess the degree of adjustment for standard measures of CHD … , discrimination measures, or model calibration statistics separately for models with and without CRP … They note that measures of risk reclassification are probably better than the c-statistic for assessing … Using data from the Women's Health Study, Cook and colleagues 23 demonstrated that although measures … Non-HDL cholesterol, apolipoproteins A-I and B100, standard lipid measures, lipid ratios, and CRP as

90. Nontraditional Risk Factors in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/_nVeFxDCT9L-_cnDf_V3fK
    July 17, 2018 - MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Cardiovascular events, mortality, risk assessment performance measures (calibration … KQ2 studies were re- quired to include a measure of calibration, discrimination, or reclas- sification … Quality: Study was poor quality. … This analysis uses the change in C statistic to measure discrimination. … Across all 3 nontraditional risk factors, less than half of studies reported a measure of calibration

91. Individualizing Cancer Screening in Older Adults | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/individualizing-cancer-screening-older-adults
    October 01, 2017 - Measures of functional status and health-related quality of life (HRQL) need to be included in trials … Quality-adjusted life years estimated using preference-based measures are a prominent way for estimating … quality-adjusted survival. … are good measures in older adults will be explored in an upcoming companion report. … Outcomes Assessment in Cancer: Measures, Methods, and Applications.

92. Archived: Final Evidence Summary: Child Maltreatment: Primary Care Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary13/child-maltreatment-primary-care-interventions-2013
    January 15, 2013 - Primary Funding Source: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. … All studies were rated fair-quality, rather than good-quality, because of specific methodological limitations … Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2004. … Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2012. … Intervention* Outcome Measure

93. Recommendation: Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/adolescent-idiopathic-scoliosis-screening
    January 09, 2018 - Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is a lateral curvature of the spine of unknown cause with a Cobb angle (a measure … The clinician repeats the visual inspection of the spine. 1 , 4 A scoliometer, which measures the angle … measures improved at 12 months in the intervention group compared with marginal improvements or unchanging … measures in the control group. … Scoliometer A noninvasive, handheld instrument used to measure the angle of trunk rotation.

94. Archived: Final Evidence Summary: Skin Cancer: Counseling, 2012 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary45/skin-cancer-counseling-2012
    May 15, 2012 - measures of sun exposure; or total, which are cumulative estimates of sun exposure. … Six case-control studies included some measure of total sun exposure, either during childhood, during … Most studies used crude measures of indoor tanning exposure. … Only 1 of 6 negative studies adjusted for both skin phenotype and some measure of sun exposure 90 . … Both of these studies, however, used only a crude dichotomous measure of sunscreen use.

95. Evidence Summary: Iron Deficiency Anemia in Young Children: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary23/iron-deficiency-anemia-in-young-children-screening
    March 30, 2015 - After 3 to 12 months, Bayley Scales of Infant Development scores were not significantly different in … development. 26 , 28 One trial of children potentially at higher risk for IDA used the Griffiths scale to measure … status measures but no differences between groups in measures of weight or height after 9 and 18 months … Based on this evidence, benefits were shown only for some iron status measures in the short term. … The Bayley-III cognitive and language scales: how do scores relate to the Bayley II?

96. Evidence Summary: Speech and Language Delay and Disorders in Children Age 5 and Younger: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary30/speech-and-language-delay-and-disorders-in-children-age-5-and-younger-screening
    July 07, 2015 - Similarly, measures of well-being of toddlers 65 and health-related quality of life of preschoolers … significant effect for a broader construct of literacy. 54 However, treatment did significantly improve a measure … Early language screening in city and Hackney: the concurrent validity of a measure designed for use with … Risk for poor performance on a language screening measure for bilingual preschoolers and kindergarteners … This includes 26 studies that were rated as poor quality.

97. Archived: Evidence Summary: Speech and Language Delay and Disorders in Children Age 5 and Younger: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary30/speech-and-language-delay-and-disorders-in-children-age-5-and-younger-screening-july-2015
    July 07, 2015 - Similarly, measures of well-being of toddlers 65 and health-related quality of life of preschoolers … significant effect for a broader construct of literacy. 54 However, treatment did significantly improve a measure … Early language screening in city and Hackney: the concurrent validity of a measure designed for use with … Risk for poor performance on a language screening measure for bilingual preschoolers and kindergarteners … This includes 26 studies that were rated as poor quality.

98. Archived: High Blood Pressure in Adults, Children, and Adolescents: Screening, 2003 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/high-blood-pressure-adults-children-adolescents-screening-2003
    April 01, 2003 - There are some data to suggest that ambulatory blood pressure measurement (that provides a measure of … When performed correctly, sphygmomanometry provides a measure of blood pressure that is highly correlated … Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring provides a measure of average blood pressure over 24 hours as opposed … How to measure blood pressure. JAMA 1995;273:1211–8. 13. McAlister FA, Straus SE. … Rockville MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, November 2002. 19.

99. Final Research Plan: High Blood Pressure in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan6/high-blood-pressure-in-adults-screening
    September 15, 2013 - They should not be construed as an official position of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality … hospitalization for coronary heart disease, atrial fibrillation, transient ischemic attack; composite measures … concordance for hypertension (e.g., r, r 2 , p-value for comparison of or difference of means) KQ 3a:  Measures … years, 10 years) KQ 5: Psychological effects of labeling Absenteeism Quality … review   Language English Other languages than English Study quality

100. Archived: Final Research Plan: High Blood Pressure in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan6/high-blood-pressure-in-adults-screening-october-2015
     September 15, 2013 - They should not be construed as an official position of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality … hospitalization for coronary heart disease, atrial fibrillation, transient ischemic attack; composite measures … concordance for hypertension (e.g., r, r 2 , p-value for comparison of or difference of means) KQ 3a:  Measures … years, 10 years) KQ 5: Psychological effects of labeling Absenteeism Quality … review   Language English Other languages than English Study quality