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321. Screening for Hearing Loss in Older Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/TYjwJNXQX6fJfwsvWugc9n
     November 30, 2020 - MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Quality of life and function, other health and social outcomes, test accuracy … points of improvement on a 0-100 scale) on the Inner Effective- ness of Aural Rehabilitation scale (a measure … Questionnaire and the Geriatric Depression Scale (−0.28 points and −0.80 points, respectively).43 No out- come measure … of life measures in the elderly community, Japan. … Self-reported hearing handicap and audiometric measures in older adults.

322. JAMA (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/N5p-_zPoFQTZTvZCooqrR8
     June 12, 2020 - eye examination (for evaluation of the optic nerve), perimetry (visual field test), gonioscopy (to measure … the angle in the eye where the iris meets the cornea), and pachymetry (to measure the thickness of the … examination, including visual acuity measurement, pupil examination, anterior segment examination, IOP measure … based on several tests that, when combined, evaluate the structure and function of the optic nerve and measure … When damage is severe enough, loss of vision impairs function and quality of life.

323. Recommendation: Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/obstructive-sleep-apnea-in-adults-screening
     November 15, 2022 - consider as minimally clinically important for the ESS (−2 to −3). 15 , 16 Twenty-eight RCTs reported measures … of general health–related quality of life and 17 RCTs reported measures of sleep-related quality of … Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2011. AHRQ publication No. 11-EHC052. 3.  … Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2022. AHRQ publication 22-05292-EF-1. 16.  … Quality measure for screening for adult obstructive sleep apnea by primary care physicians.

324. Screening for Speech and Language Delay and Disorders in Children: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/GytpQk-RYN3yBfdzkqUpff
     January 23, 2024 - the prevalence of speech and language delay and disorders have also been observed based on various measures … intensive parent-delivered, group training interventions found ben- efits for expressive language outcome measures … In general, results were inconsistent, with some studies showing improvement in some measures of receptive … .6,21 No individual study was replicated by a study using the same intervention and reporting similar measures … Four stud- ies reported measures of early literacy, with only 1 trial demonstrat- ing statically significant

325. Archived: Evidence Summary: Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents (Hypertension): Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary16/blood-pressure-in-children-and-adolescents-hypertension-screening-october-2013
     February 15, 2013 - One study was rated good quality 67 ; the remainder were of fair quality 53-55 , 57-59 , 68-71 . … Should school nurses measure blood pressure? Public Health . 1990;104(3):191-4. Michaud PA. … of arterial stiffness, pulse wave velocity, or augmentation index Metabolic measures, eg, measures of … Rating Fixler and Laird 1983 30 Three measures with mercury sphygmomanometer measured at least … 4 wk apart Initial screening results compared with subsequent measures SBP or DBP ≥95th percentile

326. S9Hlyjmksx-Vsgx29Fpycp (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/S9HLYjMksx-vsGx29fpycp
     January 01, 2015 - Detection Many testing methods are available that measure total serum 25-(OH)D levels. … Numerous testing methods to measure serum 25-(OH)D are available. … Screening Tests Current vitamin D assays measure total serum 25- (OH)D levels to determine vitamin D … Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2014. 2. … Rockville, MD: Agency for Health- care Research and Quality; 2014. 4.

327. JAMA JATS (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/Nop5YpEpMybx_oNPKC76-X
     July 11, 2017 - results, however, were not statistically significant when revascularization was removed from the outcome measure … Overall, these behavioral interventions appeared to improve self-reported measures of health- related … The USPSTF found 4 trials that reported on measures of sed- entary behavior.3 Although there were some … Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2017. … Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2011.

328. Draft Research Plan: Enhanced Risk Assessment for Cardiovascular Disease: Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/draft-research-plan/cardiovascular-disease-enhanced-risk-assessment-non-traditional-risk-factors
     April 25, 2024 - They should not be construed as an official position of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality … coronary artery calcium scoring or the ankle brachial index to predict cardiovascular disease risk improve measures … and case-control studies for rare events   Language English language only   Study Quality … “Fair” or “Good” quality only   * eGFR <30 mL/min.

329. Recommendation: Iron Deficiency Anemia in Young Children: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/iron-deficiency-anemia-in-young-children-screening
     September 07, 2015 - However, these observational studies have limitations due to the types of measures reported and confounding … screening tools for iron deficiency anemia have not been well studied. 11 Serum ferritin, often used to measure … have been reported between iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia and poorer neurodevelopmental measures … Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2015. 4. … Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2006. 11. U.S.

330. Evidence Summary: Healthful Diet and Physical Activity for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Adults Without Known Risk Factors: Behavioral Counseling | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/healthful-diet-and-physical-activity-for-cardiovascular-disease-prevention-in-adults-without-known-risk-factors-behavioral-counseling
     July 11, 2017 - Studies had to report a behavioral outcome (ie, diet-, physical activity–, sedentary time–related measure … Data Extraction and Quality Assessment Two reviewers independently assessed the methodological quality … The standardized effect size when pooling 46 trials that reported any continuous measure of physical … The tools and summary variables used to measure physical activity were even more inconsistent. … Quality: Study was poor quality. USPSTF indicates US Preventive Services Task Force.  

331. Archived: Evidence Summary: Healthful Diet and Physical Activity for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Adults Without Known Risk Factors: Behavioral Counseling | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/healthful-diet-and-physical-activity-for-cardiovascular-disease-prevention-in-adults-without-known-risk-factors-behavioral-counseling-july-2017
     July 11, 2017 - Studies had to report a behavioral outcome (ie, diet-, physical activity–, sedentary time–related measure … Data Extraction and Quality Assessment Two reviewers independently assessed the methodological quality … The standardized effect size when pooling 46 trials that reported any continuous measure of physical … The tools and summary variables used to measure physical activity were even more inconsistent. … Quality: Study was poor quality. USPSTF indicates US Preventive Services Task Force.  

332. Archived: Evidence Summary: Screening for Women and Elderly Adults: Intimate Partner Violence and Elderly Abuse: Screening, 2004 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary-screening-for-women-and-elderly-adults/intimate-partner-violence-and-elderly-abuse-screening-2004
     March 08, 2004 - Study Quality Rating Criteria Appendix 3. … Study design, patient populations and settings, methods of assessment or intervention, and outcome measures … Cronbach's alpha = 0.80), and its results correlated with the previously validated 19-item Conflict Tactics Scales … There are many gaps in the evidence. 73 Definitions and measures of abuse, neglect, severity, and chronicity … These outcomes should include not only measures of reduced violence, but also improved quality of life

333. Archived: Evidence Summary: Drug Use, Illicit: Primary Care Interventions for Children and Adolescents | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary24/drug-use-illicit-primary-care-interventions-for-children-and-adolescents-march-2014
     March 11, 2014 - We excluded poor-quality trials. … We rated 2 of these studies as good-quality 14 , 19 and the third as fair-quality 18 . … The 3 computer-based studies that found significant effects relied on a self-reported measure of marijuana … Use of consistent and clinically meaningful measures of drug use is also needed. … Drug and Alcohol Survey Table 2 (continued) Study, Year (Reference) Primary Outcome Measure

334. Archived: High Blood Cholesterol and Other Lipid Abnormalities: Screening, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/high-cholesterol-other-lipid-abnormalities-screening-1996
     January 01, 1996 - They should not be construed as an official position of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality … They should not be construed as an official position of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality … specimens compared to venous specimens was +4-7%. 55 As a result of these considerations, a single measure … Even then, intraindividual variation is greater than 20%, and a single measure is inadequate to categorize … How reliably can compact chemistry analyzers measure lipids?

335. Behavioral Counseling in Primary Care to Promote a Healthy Diet in Adults: A Summary of the Evidence (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/B-qVy6dbC25L-KAR5GvLpw
     January 01, 2010 - (eg, weight, proportion of body fat) with no direct measure of dietary behavior. … , based on randomized design, high retention rates, and use of appropriate outcome measures. … of fat intake, including grams of saturated or total fat consumed or study-specific outcome scales.10 … Second, identifying the appropriate measure of dietary change is difficult. … Our main outcome measure, self-reported change in dietary behavior, relies on individual self-report,

336. Screening for High Blood Pressure: USPSTF Reaffirmation Recommnedation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/tDXRYadTAu6MrMmxU6kqK7
     December 01, 2007 - RECOMMENDATIONS OF OTHER GROUPS The JNC 7 calls for routine blood pressure measure- ment at least once … Preventive Services Task Force, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, Maryland. … They should not be construed as an official posi- tion of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality … Congress mandates that the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality support the operations of the USPSTF … Evidence is lacking, of poor quality, or conflicting, and the balance of benefits and harms cannot be

337. Final Research Plan: Skin Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/skin-cancer-screening
     March 25, 2021 - They should not be construed as an official position of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality … or skin cancer)   Outcomes KQs 1, 4: Morbidity associated with skin cancer, including quality … Non-skin location Risk reduction behaviors (e.g., skin self-examination, sun protective behaviors) or measures … of doctor-patient relationship quality Outcomes not stratified by skin cancer type (melanoma vs. nonmelanoma … skin cancers) Study design All KQs: Fair- and good-quality studies KQs 1, 2, 4: Randomized

338. Archived: Speech and Language Delay and Disorders in Children Age 5 and Younger: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/speech-and-language-delay-and-disorders-in-children-age-5-and-younger-screening-july-2015
     July 07, 2015 - Although the USPSTF found evidence that interventions improve some measures of speech and language for … individual screening tools across populations because individual studies used different tools and outcome measures … following: suboptimal rates of screening and low retention of trial subjects, reliance on indirect measures … speech and language outcomes. 9 The majority of the trials reported improvements in speech and language measures … found adequate evidence that treatment is associated with improvements in some speech and language measures

339. Archived: Healthy Diet: Behavioral Counseling in Primary Care, January 2003 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/diet-behavioral-counseling-primary-care-adults-2003
     June 15, 2003 - Although community‐based studies have evaluated measures to reduce dietary fat intake in children, no … Studies that assessed only physiologic measures (e.g., lipid levels, weight, or body mass index [BMI] … Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. April 2002. … Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (in press). … Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. April 2001.

340. Screening for Glaucoma: Clinical Summary of USPSTF Recommendation (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/_Rx_VGDNq9Dew_25rqJURA
     July 02, 2013 - Treatment The immediate physiologic goal and measure of effect of primary treatment of glaucoma is reduction … settings, and the benefits of screening or treatment to delay or prevent visual impairment or improve quality