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www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/professionals/quality-patient-safety/hais/tools/surgery/modules/sustainability/sustainability_learn_from_defects.pptx
December 01, 2017 - Problem solving breaks down into two types: first-order problem solving and second-order problem solving … First-order problem solving is where we fix an immediate problem. … SAY:
This is the growth process from reactive first-order problem solving to proactive second-order problem … First-order problem solving
Second-order problem solving
What Is a Defect? … first-order problem solving.
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www.ahrq.gov/research/findings/nhqrdr/chartbooks/blackhealth/part2-subuse.html
June 01, 2018 - Same
No Change
People age 12 and over who needed treatment for illicit drug use or an alcohol problem … Treatment for Illicit Drug Use or Alcohol Problem
People age 12 and over who needed treatment for illicit … drug use or an alcohol problem and who received such treatment at a specialty facility in the last 12 … noninstitutionalized population age 12 and over who needed treatment for illicit drug use or an alcohol problem … 2013, only 10.9% of people age 12 and over who needed treatment for illicit drug use or an alcohol problem
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www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/antibiotic-use/long-term-care/antibiotic-targets-slides.pptx
June 01, 2021 - Identifying Targets
13
2
Problem Solving
14
1
First-order problem solving
Solves one problem in … one particular instance
Generally does not help prevent future harm from occurring
Second-order problem … Targets
14
Technical Problems
Technical solutions often require a checklist or protocol.
15
Problem … Start with a problem or potential harm that is easy to fix. … Use second-order problem solving to determine technical and adaptive solutions.
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www.ahrq.gov/teamstepps-program/curriculum/implement/activity/plan.html
February 01, 2024 - Improving a team process includes the following steps:
Identify a recurring problem or opportunity … Flowchart or map the process during which the targeted problem or opportunity for improvement occurs. … Define the problem, challenge, or opportunity for improvement. … Step 2: Define the Problem, Challenge, or Opportunity for Improvement
Objective
State the problem … Aims should align with your defined teamwork problem or opportunity for improvement.
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www.ahrq.gov/patient-safety/settings/ambulatory/reduce-readmissions.html
December 01, 2023 - Potentially Preventable Readmissions
High rates of readmissions are a major patient safety problem
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www.ahrq.gov/diagnostic-safety/resources/issue-briefs/leadership-5.html
June 01, 2021 - patient harm resulting from diagnostic error, many leaders have not addressed this growing patient safety problem
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www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/policymakers/chipra/factsheets/fullreports/CHIPRA205-Materials_XIA.pdf
June 02, 2025 - V40.9 Unspecified mental or behavioral problem
10. V60.0 Lack of housing
11. … V61.20 Counseling for parent-child problem, unspecified
15. … F69 Unspecified mental or behavioral problem
10. Z59.0 Lack of housing
11. … Z71.89 Counseling for parent-child problem, unspecified
15.
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www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/policymakers/chipra/factsheets/fullreports/CHIPRA204-Materials_XIA.pdf
June 02, 2025 - V40.9 Unspecified mental or behavioral problem
10. V60.0 Lack of housing
11. … V61.20 Counseling for parent-child problem, unspecified
15. … F69 Unspecified mental or behavioral problem
10. Z59.0 Lack of housing
11. … Z71.89 Counseling for parent-child problem, unspecified
15.
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www.ahrq.gov/patient-safety/settings/long-term-care/resource/injuries/fallspx/manwsa.html
December 01, 2017 - If the resident is not comfortable in the wheelchair, describe the problem. _________________________ … _______________________________
* Anterior Superior Iliac Spine
Identify the resident's seating problem … Problem: Resident Slides Out of Chair
Reason: Posterior Pelvic Tilt
__ Contoured cushion with large … flexion
__ Contoured cushion with trough for femur(s)
__ Other ________________________________
Problem … Foot plate adjustment
__ Heel loops
__ Leg rests
__ Other ________________________________
Problem
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www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/ncepcr/tools/PCMH/pcpf-module-11-root-cause-analysis.pdf
December 27, 2021 - Ask the PF to facilitate identifying a problem with the class or course.
4. … Three categories of causes may underlie a
problem: human, physical, and organizational. … Work with practice members to identify the problem they want to solve or prevent.
2. … The practice may also want to include patients, depending on the nature of the problem. … Using five whys to review a simple problem.
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www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/teamstepps-program/curriculum/teamstepps-implementation-slides.pptx
June 02, 2025 - Is there a measurable problem? … List reasons defining your problem and goals is essential. … Define the problem, challenge, or opportunity for improvement. … 1.
2.
3.
29
Example: Problem Definition
Implementation
Problem:
Suboptimal communication among … Coach only to problem solve.
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www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/patient-safety/settings/hospitals/red-toolkit/postdisphone.pdf
June 02, 2025 - Using your
own words, can you explain to me what your main problem or diagnosis is? … CALLER: Do you have any questions for me about your main problem [diagnosis]? … What To Do If a Problem Arises
CALLER: Before we hang up, I want to make sure that if a medical problem … CALLER: And what about if you [give example of urgent but not emergent problem] in the
evening? … What To Do If a Problem Arises
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www.ahrq.gov/research/findings/nhqrdr/2014chartbooks/hispanichealth/part2-sbuse.html
May 01, 2018 - Same
No Change
People age 12 and over who needed treatment for illicit drug use or an alcohol problem … Substance Abuse Treatment
People age 12 and over who needed treatment for illicit drug use or an alcohol problem … noninstitutionalized population age 12 and over who needed treatment for illicit drug use or an alcohol problem … 2012, only 10.8% of people age 12 and over who needed treatment for illicit drug use or an alcohol problem
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www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/professionals/quality-patient-safety/hais/tools/ambulatory-surgery/sections/implementation/implementation-guide/appendix-k-study-elements.docx
June 02, 2025 - Improvement Study Framework
Element
Definition
Things To Keep in Mind
The Purpose
Define the problem … determination will come later after the data have been analyzed.
· Speculating about the cause of a problem … The Goal
Collect baseline data and set an improvement goal after the problem has been fully diagnosed … Cause of the Problem
If the goal was not met, discuss reasons why it was not met. … · Brainstorm with your team the possible causes of the problem.
· Select the cause(s) you have the
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www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/professionals/quality-patient-safety/hais/tools/ambulatory-surgery/sections/sustainability/management/huddles/daily-huddles.pptx
May 01, 2017 - Surgery
Management Practices for Sustainability
Testing and Implementation: Common Problems and Tips
Problem … #1: Huddles don’t take place when facilitator is absent or busy Problem #2: Staff turnover has made … sustaining the huddle difficult Problem #3: Staff seem not to see the benefit of the huddle
Solution … jpeg
image1.jpeg
image5.tif
Daily Safety Huddle
• Standard agenda
• Data review
• Problem … tracking
Visual Management
• Outcomes over time
• Checklist compliance
• Problem log
Escalation
•
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www.ahrq.gov/hai/tools/surgery/modules/sustainability/learn-from-defects-slides.html
December 01, 2017 - Use the Learning From Defects (LFD) tool to perform second-order problem solving. … Slide 4: Problem-Solving Hierarchy
Example: Missing equipment in line cart
First-order problem … Red arrow pointing down is captioned "First-order problem-solving." … Green arrow pointing up is captioned "Second-order problem-solving." … Build second-order problem solving skills necessary to learn from defects.
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www.ahrq.gov/research/findings/final-reports/ptmgmt/design-table2.html
July 01, 2018 - Develop problem-solving skills and help with problem-solving.
Provide emotional support . … Provide followup regarding reassessment, goals, problem-solving, reinforcement, prompts, and reminders … Protocols for providing support (for motivating, building confidence, problem solving, setting goals
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www.ahrq.gov/hai/tools/mvp/modules/cusp/learn-from-defects-fac-guide.html
February 01, 2017 - Slide 6: Problem-Solving Hierarchy
Say:
First-order problem solving resolves an issue for one patient … Ask:
What method of problem solving should we employ? … Say:
Instead of relying on first-order problem solving, practice second-order problem solving. … Slide 7: Problem-Solving Goal
Say:
First-order problem solving addresses the immediate need but … Ask:
How can you make sure that everyone is aware of the problem?
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www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/patient-safety/settings/hospitals/red-toolkit/ahcpsample.pdf
September 01, 2012 - Question or Problem with this Packet? … Call your Discharge Educator: (555) 555-2222
Serious health problem? Call Dr. … :
Noncardiac Chest
Pain
Noncardiac chest pain is pain that is not caused by a heart
problem. … See your doctor and ask questions.
11
My Medical Problem:
High Blood Pressure
High … AveryFor my appointment onWednesday, August 8th, at 11:30 am
My Medical Problem:
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www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/antibiotic-use/safety/improvement-slides.pptx
November 01, 2019 - needed equipment
Solution is straightforward, usually requiring resources but not culture change
4
Problem … be hard to implement because they require consensus, teamwork, communication, change in habits
5
Problem … Discuss drivers of the problem (e.g., fear of offending colleagues, difficulty explaining change in … Solving
First-order problem solving
Solves one problem in one particular instance
Generally does not … help prevent future harm from occurring
Second-order problem solving
Uses adaptive interventions