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161. Archived: Folic Acid for the Prevention of Neural Tube Defects: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/folic-acid-for-the-prevention-of-neural-tube-defects-preventive-medication-january-2017
     January 10, 2017 - incomplete closing of the spinal cord). 1 , 2 Based on 2009–2011 data, the estimated average annual prevalence … Birth prevalence rates are highest among Hispanic women, followed by non-Hispanic white and non-Hispanic … on 2009–2011 data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the estimated average annual prevalence … rates of infants born with neural tube defects have decreased. 1 , 2 Prevalence of neural tube defects … Multivitamin/folic acid supplementation in early pregnancy reduces the prevalence of neural tube defects

162. Archived: Impaired Visual Acuity in Older Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/impaired-visual-acuity-in-older-adults-screening-2016
     March 01, 2016 - The prevalence of cataracts increases sharply with age; an estimated 50% of US adults 80 years or older … have cataracts. 1 The prevalence of hyperopia requiring a correction of +3.0 diopters or more ranges … Older adults have a higher prevalence of primary ocular disease and systemic diseases associated with … Prevalence of cataract and pseudophakia/aphakia among adults in the United States. … Prevalence of visual impairment in the United States. JAMA . 2006;295(18):2158-63. 10.

163. JAMA JATS (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/UA7cEG8wH4xh8-fr7Lfw9q
     September 18, 2018 - of persons who are overweight or obese is 72.8% among men and 66.2% among women.23 The prevalence of … The age-adjusted prevalence of obesity is higher among non-Hispanic black (57.2%) and Hispanic (46.9% … When using an adjusted cut point of greater than 25, obesity prevalence is higher among US-born Asian … Prevalence of obesity among adults and youth: United States, 2011-2014. … Prevalence of childhood and adult obesity in the United States, 2011-2012.

164. Archived: Syphilis Infection in Pregnancy: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/syphilis-infection-in-pregnancy-screening-2009
     May 15, 2009 - sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) Other women living in communities with high syphilis morbidity Prevalence … poverty, sex workers, illicit drug users, and women in communities with high syphilis morbidity. 1 The prevalence … Pregnant women who are at high risk, live in areas with a high prevalence of syphilis, have not been

165. Screening for Anxiety Disorders in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/mx2Ko29RH46mTYb36f-UBe
     June 20, 2023 - The prevalence of anxiety disorders Figure. … According to 2001-2002 US data, the lifetime prevalence of anxiety disorders in adults was 26.4% for … Twelve-month and lifetime prevalence and lifetime morbid risk of anxiety and mood disorders in the United … Generalized anxiety and depression in primary care: prevalence, recognition, and management. … Anxiety disorders in primary care: prevalence, impairment, comorbidity, and detection.

166. Archived: Evidence Summary: Sexually Transmitted Infections: Behavioral Counseling | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary1/sexually-transmitted-infections-behavioral-counseling-september-2014
     September 22, 2014 - We excluded studies limited to persons with HIV (or populations with very high prevalence of HIV [>10% … Based on real-world estimates of STI prevalence and patient volume 70 , approximately 1300 STIs could … We also excluded studies with high HIV prevalence, which we defined as more than 10% of the sample. … Incidence, Prevalence, and Cost of Sexually Transmitted Infections in the United States. … Prevalence and risks for bacterial vaginosis in women who have sex with women.

167. Statin Use for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/vTJ_Zj3TAkhx45wWUDtNyt
     May 01, 2021 - Men have a higher overall prevalence of and mortality from CVD, although women experience higher mortality … The prevalence of CVD also differs by race and ethnicity. … Among both sexes, Black adults have the highest prevalence of CVD.4 IMPORTANCE Cardiovascular disease … This study did not report the prevalence of statin use.22 Figure. … • Age is one of the strongest risk factors for CVD. • Men have a higher prevalence of CVD than females

168. Archived: Dental Caries in Children from Birth Through Age 5 Years: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/dental-caries-in-children-from-birth-through-age-5-years-screening-2014
     May 05, 2014 - After decreasing from the early 1970s to the mid-1990s, the prevalence of dental caries in children has … According to the NHANES, the prevalence of dental caries has risen from 24% to 28% between 1988–1994 … According to the NHANES, the prevalence of tooth decay in primary teeth in children ages 2 to 5 years … In the United States, the prevalence of severe enamel fluorosis is estimated at less than 1% 5 . … Prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis in the United States,1999-2004.

169. Archived: Final Evidence Summary: Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2) in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary23/diabetes-mellitus-type-2-in-adults-screening-2008
     June 15, 2008 - The prevalence of diagnosed diabetes is increasing, particularly among obese individuals 3 , 5 . … The prevalence of macrovascular complications is elevated in persons with prediabetes (defined as impaired … Prevalence of diabetes and impaired fasting glucose in adults in the U.S. population: National Health … Prevalence of diabetes, impaired fasting glucose, and impaired glucose tolerance in U.S. adults. … Prevalence, predictors, and consequences of unrecognized diabetes mellitus in 3266 patients scheduled

170. Procedure Manual Appendix VIII. Standardization of Outcome Tables | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/about-uspstf/methods-and-processes/procedure-manual/procedure-manual-appendix-viii-standardization-outcome-tables
     July 01, 2017 - Prevalence of condition. Adherence (to screening, treatment). Effectiveness.

171. Archived: Depression: Screening 2002 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/depression-screening-2002
     May 07, 2002 - than either ischemic heart disease or cerebrovascular disease. 5 In primary care settings, the point prevalence … Depressive disorders are also relatively common in younger persons, with estimated prevalence of 0.8 … than the original instrument from which they were derived. 3 Assuming optimal test performance and a prevalence … Because the underlying prevalence is much lower than in adults, the positive predictive value is low.

172. Screening Women and Elderly Adults for Family and Intimate Partner Violence: A Review of the Evidence (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/SvB6EjoVaaQxQr4vpCRtWp
     March 01, 2004 - their intimate partners each year in the U.S.,1,2 with 31% of all women reporting lifetime abuse.3 Prevalence … Prevalence of domestic violence among patients in three ambulatory care internal medicine clinics. … Prevalence of domestic violence in community practice and rate of physician inquiry. … Incidence and prevalence in an emergency department population. JAMA. 1995;273(22):1763–1767. 9. … Prevalence of intimate partner abuse in women treated at community hospital emergency departments.

173. Archived: Evidence Summary: Screening for Women and Elderly Adults: Intimate Partner Violence and Elderly Abuse: Screening, 2004 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary-screening-for-women-and-elderly-adults/intimate-partner-violence-and-elderly-abuse-screening-2004
     March 08, 2004 - Prevalence, Incidence, and Consequences of Violence Against Women: Findings from the National Violence … Prevalence of domestic violence among patients in three ambulatory care internal medicine clinics. … Prevalence of domestic violence in community practice and rate of physician inquiry. … Incidence and prevalence in an emergency department population. JAMA 1995;273(22):1763-7. 9. … Prevalence of intimate partner abuse in women treated at community hospital emergency departments.

174. doi:10.1016/S0749-3797(03)00122-3 (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/hWzpnYXDpQzUr8U_5xY6qS
     January 01, 2003 - more likely to have high blood pressure as young adults.9,10 Among children with hypertension, the prevalence … of secondary hypertension is estimated to be 28% compared with a prevalence of 1% to 5% in adults.11 … Prevalence and associations of abdominal aortic aneurysm detected through screening. … Prevalence of hypertension in junior high school-aged children: effect of new recommendations in the … Prevalence of high cholesterol, high blood pressure, and smoking among elementary schoolchildren in North

175. Screening for Skin Cancer (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/2fycG-t73pJzd9fZgtc-mg
     However, even in groups with the greatest prevalence of airflow obstruction, hundreds of patients would

176. untitled (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/QWUmLEKdwcYA-AKGp5dNaQ
     August 09, 2016 - These values are slightly lower than the 95th percentile observed in the Lipid Research Clinics Prevalence … of elevated LDL-C levels in adolescents as 7.4%.4,5 These are likely overestimates of the true prevalence … The prevalence of elevated nonfasting TC was 8.5%. … Point esti- mates of the prevalence of elevated TC from 3 large, population- based US studies were combined … Prevalence of and trends in dyslipidemia and blood pressure among US children and adolescents, 1999-2012

177. Screening for Ovarian Cancer: Review (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/cTa7Hs56-yj4kCr7yXLdRm
     July 01, 1994 - Although ovarian can­ cer is an important cause of cancer mortality, its inci­ dence and prevalence are … With such a low prevalence of undetected disease, the problem of false- positive tests becomes potentially … The Potential Yield of Screening with Ultrasound or CA125 6.1 The available data on the prevalence … Prevalence is calculated from SEER (Surveillance, Epididemiology and End-Result) Program data (1), … Age-specific hysterectomy and oophorectomy prevalence rates and the risks for cancer of the reproductive

178. Archived: Evidence Summary: Visual Impairment in Children Ages 1-5: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary5/visual-impairment-in-children-ages-1-5-screening-2011
     January 15, 2011 - of amblyopia: 3%; prevalence of any target visual condition: 29%). 55 , 60 Visual Acuity Screening … In populations in which the prevalence of visual conditions was <10%, 6 28 , 29 , 32 , 40 , 50 , 53 … In populations with a prevalence of visual conditions of <10%, 6 of 7 studies reported false-positive … Amblyopia: prevalence, natural history, functional effects and treatment. … Early screening for amblyogenic risk factors lowers the prevalence and severity of amblyopia.

179. Archived: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Screening, 2003 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/gestational-diabetes-mellitus-screening-2003
     February 01, 2003 - family history of diabetes, history of GDM in a prior pregnancy, and increased pregravid BMI. 8 The prevalence … of GDM varies in direct proportion to the prevalence of type‐2 diabetes in a given population or ethnic … Prevalence of GDM in women with defined low‐risk factors, such as being of white ethnic origin, being … years, and having a BMI of less than 25 kg/m 2 , ranges from 1.4 percent to 2.8 percent.[[9‐14]] The prevalence … criteria increase the number of women diagnosed with GDM by more than 50 percent but may not reduce the prevalence

180. Archived: Drug Abuse: Screening, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/drug-abuse-screening-1996
     January 01, 1996 - The overall prevalence of drug use does not differ greatly among white, African American, and Hispanic … marijuana (1.9%), opiates (1.5%), and cocaine (1.1%) were the most frequently detected substances. 19 Prevalence … Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders in the United States: results from … Prevalence and magnitude of perinatal substance exposures in California. … The prevalence of illicit-drug or alcohol use during pregnancy and discrepancies in mandatory reporting