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1. Recommendation: Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Adolescents and Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/hepatitis-b-virus-infection-screening
   December 15, 2020 - Important risk groups for HBV infection with a prevalence of ≥2% that should be screened include: … Persons born in countries with a prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) of 2% or greater ( … Prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis D virus infections in the United States, 2011-2016. … Chronic hepatitis B prevalence among foreign-born and U.S. … In addition, the prevalence of HBsAg may vary within countries by subpopulation and locality.

2. Screening for Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Adolescents and Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/yzXkWEQV3pn95yd_pmXZXk
   December 15, 2020 - Other high-prevalence popula- tions include persons who inject drugs; men who have sex with men; persons … Estimated Prevalence of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection by Countrya Continent/ region Prevalence … Estimated Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Infection Hepatitis B prevalence High: ≥8% High moderate … Prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis D virus infections in the United States, 2011-2016. … Chronic hepatitis B prevalence among foreign-born and U.S.

3. Final Recommendation Statement: Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Adolescents and Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/RecommendationStatementFinal/hepatitis-b-virus-infection-screening
   December 15, 2020 - Other high-prevalence populations include persons who inject drugs; men who have sex with men; persons … Persons born in countries with a prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) of 2% or greater ( … The estimated prevalence of HBV infection in the general US population is 0.3% to 0.5%, 8 , 9 , 11 , … Prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis D virus infections in the United States, 2011-2016. … Chronic hepatitis B prevalence among foreign-born and U.S.

4. Archived: Chlamydial Infection (Including Ocular Prophylaxis in Newborns): Screening, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/chlamydial-infection-screening-1996
   January 01, 1996 - of chlamydia is high (10%), to only 45% when prevalence is low (2%). … Due to the low prevalence of infection in women who are older or married, universal screening is not … Prevalence of cervical Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in female adolescents. … Chlamydia trachomatis infection in sexually active adolescents: prevalence and risk factors. … Chlamydia prevalence and screening practices—San Diego County, California, 1993.

5. Archived: Chlamydial Infection (Including Ocular Prophylaxis in Newborns): Screening, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/chlamydial-infection-including-ocular-prophylaxis-screening-1996
   January 01, 1996 - of chlamydia is high (10%), to only 45% when prevalence is low (2%). … Due to the low prevalence of infection in women who are older or married, universal screening is not … Prevalence of cervical Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in female adolescents. … Chlamydia trachomatis infection in sexually active adolescents: prevalence and risk factors. … Chlamydia prevalence and screening practices—San Diego County, California, 1993.

6. Screening for Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Nonpregnant Adolescents and Adults: Clinical Summary of USPSTF Recommendation (pdf file)
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/Sttb6Qo6TFfWyR7Y8SzfH-
   June 11, 2014 - Grade: B Risk Assessment Important risk groups for HBV infection with a prevalence of ≥2% that should … be screened include:  Persons born in countries and regions with a high prevalence of HBV infection … -born persons not vaccinated as infants whose parents were born in regions with a very high prevalence … sexual partners of persons with HBV infection For more information on countries and regions with a high prevalence

7. Evidence Gaps Research Taxonomy Table: Research Gaps for Interventions for High Body Mass Index in Children and Adolescents (pdf file)
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/d8DVjQhw6JgjWaBtED97s6
   June 05, 2024 - ages 2 to 18 years who have a higher BMI Trials should include populations with a higher prevalence … ages 2 to 18 years who have a higher BMI Trials should include populations with a higher prevalence … ages 2 to 18 years who have a higher BMI Trials should include populations with a higher prevalence … ages 2 to 18 years who have a higher BMI Trials should include populations with a higher prevalence … ages 2 to 18 years who have a higher BMI Trials should include populations with a higher prevalence

8. Recommendation: Celiac Disease: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/celiac-disease-screening
   March 28, 2017 - In studies of US populations, the estimated prevalence of celiac disease among adults ranges from 0.40% … to 0.95%. 1 Prevalence is higher than average among non-Hispanic whites, persons with a family history … However, in a systematic review of 38 studies from North America and Western Europe, prevalence of celiac … Increased prevalence and mortality in undiagnosed celiac disease. … Prevalence of celiac disease among children in Finland. N Engl J Med . 2003;348(25):2517-24.

9. Archived: Hepatitis B Virus Infection: Screening, 2014 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/hepatitis-b-virus-infection-screening-may-2014
   June 18, 2014 - The prevalence of HBV infection differs among various populations. … Trials reported baseline rates of prevalence of cirrhosis between 5% and 44% 1 . … Trials reported baseline rates of prevalence of cirrhosis between 5% and 40% 1 . … High prevalence of occult hepatitis B in Baltimore injection drug users. … with the highest prevalence (>5%) are sub-Saharan Africa and central and southeast Asia.

10. Archived: Hepatitis B Virus Infection: Screening, 2014 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/hepatitis-b-virus-infection-screening-nonpregnant-adolescents-adults-may-2014
    June 18, 2014 - The prevalence of HBV infection differs among various populations. … Trials reported baseline rates of prevalence of cirrhosis between 5% and 44% 1 . … Trials reported baseline rates of prevalence of cirrhosis between 5% and 40% 1 . … High prevalence of occult hepatitis B in Baltimore injection drug users. … with the highest prevalence (>5%) are sub-Saharan Africa and central and southeast Asia.

11. Screening for Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Adolescents and Adults: Clinician Summary of USPSTF Recommendation (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/wCJAwXwogUFDZE9VUgsWoV
    December 01, 2020 - Important risk groups for HBV infection with a prevalence of ≥2% that should be screened include: • … Persons born in countries and regions with a high prevalence of HBV infection (≥2%), such as Asia, … America • US-born persons not vaccinated as infants whose parents were born in regions with a very high prevalence … sexual partners of persons with HBV infection For more information on countries and regions with a high prevalence

12. Archived: Chlamydial Infection: Screening, 2001 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/chlamydial-infection-screening-2001
    January 01, 2001 - Other patient characteristics associated with a higher prevalence of infection include being unmarried … Individual risk depends on the number of risk markers and local prevalence of the disease. … More targeted screening may be indicated in specific settings as better prevalence data become available … Prevalence of chlamydial infection varies widely among communities and patient populations. … There is no agreement, however, on the precise prevalence that justifies screening.

13. Screening for Celiac Disease: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/_ufHxz9_tYMm3Z3r7U7SNj
    March 28, 2017 - In studies of US populations, the estimated prevalence of ce- liac disease among adults ranges from 0.40% … The USPSTF also reviewed contextual information on the prevalence of celiac disease among patients without … The USPSTF also reviewed contextual information on the prevalence of celiac dis- ease among patients … Increased prevalence and mortality in undiagnosed celiac disease. … Prevalence of Celiac disease among children in Finland.

14. Archived: Gonorrhea: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/gonorrhea-screening-2005
    May 15, 2005 - Clinical symptoms are more likely to lead to diagnosis and treatment in men; thus, the prevalence of … Given the low prevalence of asymptomatic infection in men, the USPSTF could not determine the balance … Prevalence of gonorrhea infection varies widely among communities and patient populations. … In communities with a high prevalence of gonorrhea, broader screening of sexually active young people … Low community prevalence of gonorrhea infection may justify more targeted screening.

15. Archived: Syphilis Infection in Nonpregnant Adults and Adolescents: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/syphilis-infection-in-nonpregnant-adults-and-adolescents-june-2016
    June 07, 2016 - Other factors that are also associated with increased prevalence rates include a history of incarceration … both men and women); in 2014, prevalence rates of primary and secondary syphilis were 18.9 cases per … In addition, local prevalence rates may change over time, so clinicians should be aware of the latest … In a high-risk population (assuming prevalence of 12%, RPR sensitivity of 91% and specificity of 95%, … US population 19 and the other in a high-prevalence metropolitan area in Canada. 18 Although both

16. Twelfth Annual Report to Congress on High-Priority Evidence Gaps for Clinical Preventive Services | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/about-uspstf/reports-congress/twelfth-annual-report-congress-high-priority-evidence-gaps-clinical-preventive-services
    January 01, 2022 - health outcomes in children and adolescents, particularly in racial and ethnic groups that have a higher prevalence … the effects of screening on health outcomes in children and adolescent populations reflective of the prevalence … of diabetes in the United States, particularly in racial and ethnic groups that have a higher prevalence … diabetes on health outcomes over a longer followup period, particularly in populations that have a higher prevalence … Enroll racial and ethnic populations that experience a higher prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes

17. Screening for Gonorrhea: Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/xA88A347Uk9kr-mAXtjKWZ
    January 01, 2010 - Clinical symptoms are more likely to lead to diagnosis and treatment in men; thus, the prevalence of … Given the low prevalence of asymptomatic infection in men, the USPSTF could not determine the balance … The prevalence of gonorrhea infection in pregnant women who are not at increased risk for infection … Prevalence of gonorrhea infection varies widely among communities and patient populations. … Low community prevalence of gonorrhea infection may justify more targeted screening.

18. Draft Recommendation: Screening for Glaucoma | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/draft-recommendation/glaucoma-screening-adults-older-adults
    October 26, 2021 - The prevalence of primary open-angle glaucoma in a population-based study in The Netherlands. … Prevalence of open-angle glaucoma in Australia. The Blue Mountains Eye Study. … Congdon N, O’Calmain B, Klaver CC, et al; Eye Diseases Prevalence Research Group. … Causes and prevalence of visual impairment among adults in the United States. … Racial differences in the cause-specific prevalence of blindness in east Baltimore.

19. Draft Recommendation: Screening for Primary-Angle Glaucoma | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/draft-recommendation/primary-angle-glaucoma-screening
    October 26, 2021 - The prevalence of primary open-angle glaucoma in a population-based study in The Netherlands. … Prevalence of open-angle glaucoma in Australia. The Blue Mountains Eye Study. … Congdon N, O’Calmain B, Klaver CC, et al; Eye Diseases Prevalence Research Group. … Causes and prevalence of visual impairment among adults in the United States. … Racial differences in the cause-specific prevalence of blindness in east Baltimore.

20. Statin Use for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/6dqHx6xQGq9GUv92rZUf2q
    August 01, 2022 - • Men have a higher prevalence of CVD than women, although women experience higher mortality from … • Among both sexes, Black persons have the highest prevalence of CVD. … of all races and ethnicities, and especially among Black and Hispanic adults, who have the highest prevalence