- 
                                        
hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/statbriefs/sb96.pdf
September 01, 2010 - ■ Among the nine selected potentially 
preventable hospitalizations, stays for 
pressure ulcers had … Data are also presented on 
injurious falls and pressure ulcers, two conditions that are highly relevant … Stays principally for pressure ulcers were relatively rare among other Medicare beneficiaries (49 stays … ulcers (32 percent of all dual eligible pressure ulcer stays), asthma (30 
percent of all dual eligible … Data are also presented on pressure ulcers and injurious falls, two conditions that are not from the
                                     
                                                                    - 
                                        
hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/methods/2011_05.pdf
January 01, 2011 - The 
reduction in rates for five PSIs was statistically significant: decubitus ulcer, foreign body 
left … Importantly, 
when POA information was incorporated, most cases of decubitus ulcer, post-operative 
hip … The study assessed rates of four PSIs – decubitus ulcer, infections due to 
medical care, postoperative … Of 
the last 16 reported patients with a pressure ulcer, only 25% were recorded with an ICD-
9-CM pressure … New opportunities to improve pressure ulcer prevention and treatment: implications 
of the CMS inpatient
                                     
                                                                    - 
                                        
hcup-us.ahrq.gov/datainnovations/clinicaldata/ExampleofUsingPOA-CMSHACsusingall-payerdata.pdf
July 01, 2011 - ulcers 8,959,419 615 2.6 6.9
Air embolism 8,959,419 45 0.2 0.5
Blood incompatibility 8,959,419 36 0.2 … ulcers (66 percent). … ulcer and 18 percent had manifestations of poor glycemic control CMS HACs. … ulcer, 13 percent of falls and trauma, and 16 percent of the catheter-
associated urinary tract infection … Ulcers are: 
• 707.23, pressure ulcer, stage III  
• 707.24, pressure ulcer, stage IV 
The ICD-9-CM
                                     
                                                                    - 
                                        
hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/statbriefs/sb237-Patient-Safety-Adverse-Events-2011-2014.pdf
January 01, 2014 - The PSIs focus on adverse events during the 
hospital stay (such as pressure ulcers), complications associated … ulcers (23.1 percent 
decrease). … These problems are likely amenable to prevention by changes at the system or provider levels. … The AHRQ QI modules include Prevention Quality 
Indicators, Inpatient Quality Indicators, Patient Safety … The 10 risk-adjusted rates contributing to PSI 90 are as follows:
	 Pressure Ulcer Rate (PSI 03)
	
                                     
                                                                    - 
                                        
hcup-us.ahrq.gov/datainnovations/clinicaldata/ExampleofUsingPOA-CMSHACsusingall-payerdata.jsp
August 01, 2011 - ulcers (66 percent). … ulcer and 18 percent had manifestations of poor glycemic control CMS HACs. … Stage 3 and 4 pressure ulcers: private insurance: 0.32; Medicaid: 1.25. … Stage 3 and 4 pressure ulcers: 45-64 year olds: 1.44; 65-84 year olds: 2.18; 85 years and older: 2.57 … Ulcers are: 
 
 707.23, pressure ulcer, stage III  
 707.24, pressure ulcer, stage IV 
 
 The ICD-9-
                                     
                                                                    - 
                                        
hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/factsandfigures/facts_figures_2005.jsp
January 01, 2005 - During the 12 year period since 1993, there was a 76 percent increase in pressure sore hospitalizations … sore ICD-9-CM codes: 
707.0         Decubitus ulcer 
707.00       Decubitus ulcer, unspecified site … 707.01       Decubitus ulcer, elbow 
707.02       Decubitus ulcer, upper back 
707.03       Decubitus … ulcer, lower back 
707.04       Decubitus ulcer, hip 
707.05       Decubitus ulcer, buttock 
707.06 …        Decubitus ulcer, ankle 
707.07       Decubitus ulcer, heel 
707.09       Decubitus ulcer, other
                                     
                                                                    - 
                                        
hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/statbriefs/sb3.pdf
April 01, 2006 - HCUP Statistical Brief #3: Hospitalizations Related to Pressure Sores, 2003 
 
  
 
 
 
 
HEALTHCARE … Findings 
 
Pressure sores, or decubitus ulcers, are increasingly common in 
U.S. hospitalizations. … burden of hospitalizations related to pressure sores (figure 1). … sores 
More than 90 percent of all hospital stays involving the treatment of pressure sores were for … The ICD-9-CM code defining pressure sore is 707.0, Decubitus Ulcer. 
 
2
Unit of analysis 
The unit
                                     
                                                                    - 
                                        
hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/statbriefs/sb3.jsp
April 01, 2006 - Findings 
 
	Pressure sores, or decubitus ulcers, are increasingly common in U.S. hospitalizations. … burden of hospitalizations related to pressure sores (figure 1). … sores 
 
More than 90 percent of all hospital stays involving the treatment of pressure sores were … The ICD-9-CM code defining pressure sore is 707.0, Decubitus Ulcer. … Hospitalizations Related to Pressure Sores, 2003.  HCUP Statistical Brief #3. April 2006.
                                     
                                                                    - 
                                        
hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/methods/2012-02.pdf
January 01, 2012 - ulcers – Stage III or IV – per 1,000 discharges of length 5 or more daysa (excluding 
neonates; transfers … ulcers – Stage III or IV – per 1,000 discharges of length 5 or more days (excluding transfers; 
patients … ulcers, such as cases from earlier admissions or 
from other hospitals. … Ulcer 
• PSI 6 Iatrogenix Pneumothorax 
• PSI 7 Central Venous Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infection … Ulcer  
• PDI 5 Pediatric: Iatrogenic Pneumothorax  
• PDI 8 Pediatric: Postoperative Hemorrhage or
                                     
                                                                    - 
                                        
hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/methods/2012_03.pdf
January 01, 2012 - ulcers – Stage III or IV – per 1,000 discharges of length 5 or more days (excluding neonates; 
transfers … ulcers – Stage III or IV – per 1,000 discharges of length 5 or more days (excluding transfers; 
patients … ulcers, such as cases from earlier admissions or 
from other hospitals. … Ulcer 
• PSI 6 Iatrogenix Pneumothorax 
• PSI 7 Central Venous Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infection … Ulcer  
• PDI 5 Pediatric: Iatrogenic Pneumothorax  
• PDI 8 Pediatric: Postoperative Hemorrhage or
                                     
                                                                    - 
                                        
hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/annualreport/HAR_2005.pdf
January 01, 2005 - During	the	12	year	
period	since	1993,	there	was	a	76	percent	increase	in	pressure	
sore	hospitalizations … exHiBit 2.7 pressure sores
number of discharges for pressure Sores, 1993–2005
http://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov … sore	ICD-9-CM	codes:
707.0	 Decubitus	ulcer
707.00	 Decubitus	ulcer,	unspecified	site
707.01	 Decubitus … ulcer,	elbow
707.02	 Decubitus	ulcer,	upper	back
707.03	 Decubitus	ulcer,	lower	back
707.04	 Decubitus … ulcer,	hip
707.05	 Decubitus	ulcer,	buttock
707.06	 Decubitus	ulcer,	ankle
707.07	 Decubitus	ulcer,
                                     
                                                                    - 
                                        
hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/methods/2011_06.pdf
January 01, 2011 - ulcers – Stage III or IV – per 1,000 discharges of length 5 or more daysa (excluding 
neonates; transfers … ulcers – Stage III or IV – per 1,000 discharges of length 5 or more days (excluding transfers; 
patients … ulcers, such as cases from earlier admissions or 
from other hospitals. … Ulcer 
 PSI 8 – Post-operative hip fractures 
 PSI 9 – Post-operative hemorrhage or hematoma … Ulcer  
 PDI 5 Pediatric: Iatrogenic Pneumothorax  
 PDI 8 Pediatric: Postoperative Hemorrhage or
                                     
                                                                    - 
                                        
hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/statbriefs/sb279-Diabetes-Inpatient-Stays-2018.pdf
January 01, 2018 - ulcer of skin —† —† 6 34.7 
Nonpressure ulcer of skin —† —† 7 31.3 
Coronary atherosclerosis* —† —† … stays for type 2 but not type 1 diabetes: hypertension with complications and 
secondary hypertension, pressure … ulcer of skin, nonpressure ulcer of skin, coronary atherosclerosis 
and other heart disease, and skin … /subcutaneous tissue infections. 
 
  
9 
 
References 
 
1 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention … Accessed March 8, 2021. 
2 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Diabetes.
                                     
                                                                    - 
                                        
hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/methods/2018-01.pdf
January 01, 2018 - Incidence measures PDI 2 (pressure 
ulcer), PDI 3 (foreign body), and PDI 13 (transfusion reaction) are … Incidence measures PSI 3 
(pressure ulcer), PSI 5 (foreign body), and PSI 16 (transfusion reaction) are … The AHRQ PSI for 
pressure ulcers is excluded. … • Not reported for any year:  QIs for pressure ulcer (PDI 2 and PSI 3) because numerous 
coding … One PSI Pressure Ulcer was excluded 
due to its dependence upon reporting whether the diagnosis is present
                                     
                                                                    - 
                                        
hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/methods/2016-01.pdf
January 01, 2016 - Incidence measures PDI 2 (pressure 
ulcer), PDI 3 (foreign body), and PDI 13 (transfusion reaction) are … Incidence measures PSI 3 
(pressure ulcer), PSI 5 (foreign body), and PSI 16 (transfusion reaction) are … The AHRQ PSI for 
pressure ulcers is excluded. …  Not reported for any year:  QIs for pressure ulcer (PDI 2 and PSI 3) because numerous 
coding … One PSI Pressure Ulcer was excluded 
due to its dependence upon reporting whether the diagnosis is present
                                     
                                                                    - 
                                        
hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/methods/2015_02.pdf
January 01, 2015 - In addition the QIs for pressure ulcer (PDI 2 and PSI 3) are 
not reported for any year because numerous … Incidence measures PDI 2 (pressure 
ulcer), PDI 3 (foreign body), and PDI 13 (transfusion reaction) are … Incidence measures PSI 3 
(pressure ulcer), PSI 5 (foreign body), and PSI 16 (transfusion reaction) are … The AHRQ PSI for 
pressure ulcers is excluded. … Ulcer was excluded due to its dependence upon reporting whether the 
diagnosis is present on admission
                                     
                                                                    - 
                                        
hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/methods/2017-03.pdf
January 01, 2017 - Incidence measures PDI 2 (pressure 
ulcer), PDI 3 (foreign body), and PDI 13 (transfusion reaction) are … Incidence measures PSI 3 
(pressure ulcer), PSI 5 (foreign body), and PSI 16 (transfusion reaction) are … The AHRQ PSI for 
pressure ulcers is excluded. … • Not reported for any year:  QIs for pressure ulcer (PDI 2 and PSI 3) because numerous 
coding … One PSI Pressure Ulcer was excluded 
due to its dependence upon reporting whether the diagnosis is present
                                     
                                                                    - 
                                        
hcup-us.ahrq.gov/db/tools/Dx_Pr_Grps_Formats.TXT
December 28, 2023 - SKN002        : Other specified inflammatory condition of skin'
   'SKN003        ' = 'SKN003        : Pressure … ulcer of skin'
   'SKN004        ' = 'SKN004        : Non-pressure ulcer of skin'
   'SKN005
                                     
                                                                    - 
                                        
hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/methods/2019-01.pdf
January 01, 2019 - PDI02 
Admissions with pressure ulcers per 
1,000 medical and surgical 
admissions of length 3 or more … days, 
age less than 18 years 
 The AHRQ PDI software requires that the pressure ulcers be 
reported … ulcers per 
1,000 medical and surgical 
discharges of length 3 or more days, 
age18 and over 
The … AHRQ PSI software requires that the pressure ulcers be 
reported as a secondary diagnosis (rather than … ulcer stage III or IV or 
unstageable; admissions involving severe burns or exfoliative 
disorders;
                                     
                                                                    - 
                                        
hcup-us.ahrq.gov/toolssoftware/ccs/ccs.jsp
September 01, 2025 - Risk factors for pressure ulcers in acute care hospitals. … Injury Prevention . 11; 267-273, 2005.  https://ip.bmjjournals.com/cgi/reprint/11/5/267 .